Hedera helix | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Ivy

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Medicinal

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Activities: 258

Chemicals w/Activities: 19

All Chemicals: 30

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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
6	ALPHA-HEDERIN	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Antitrypanosomic MIC=25 ug/ml * Cancerostatic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Candidicide * Fungicide Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Hemolytic * Pesticide *
32	ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Antialzheimeran * Antianginal * Antiarthritic * Antiasthmatic * Antiatherosclerotic Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp. Anticancer * Anticataract * Anticonvulsant Synergen * Antidementia * Antidiabetic Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp. Antiinfarctal Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp. Antiinfertility * Antiischemic * Antimaculitic * Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. Antineuropathic * Antioxidant 5 x quercetin * Antioxidant IC34=10 uM * Antiparkinsonian * Antiradicular 5 x quercetin * Antiretinotic * Antirheumatic * Antistroke * Antitumor * Antitumor (Bladder) * Antitumor (Prostate) * Antitumor (Stomach) * Antitumor-Promoter * Cancer-Preventive * Cardioprotective * Circulotonic * Immunomodulator *
0	ARABINOSE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
5	BETA-ELEMENE	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Anticancer (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. Antigliomic * Antiproliferant * Antitumor (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. Apoptotic *
1	BETA-HEDERIN	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Hemolytic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
77	CHLOROGENIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	*
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=1.8 uM rat (strong activity) Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1999. Medicinal Flowers. I. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Three New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes, Kikkanols A, B, and C, From the Flowers of Chrysanthemum inducum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 47(3): 340-345. Allelochemic * Allergenic * Analgesic * Antiatherosclerotic * Antibacterial * Anticancer (Colon) * Anticancer (Forestomach) * Anticancer (Liver) * Anticancer (Skin) * Anticarcinogenic * Antidiabetic * AntiEBV Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antifeedant * Antigenotoxic * Antigonadotropic Jim Duke's personal files. Antihemolytic 10 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994. Antihepatotoxic * Antiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 194. Antihistaminic * AntiHIV Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antihypercholesterolemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antihyperthyroid * Antiinflammatory Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19. AntiLegionella * Antileukotriene * Antimelanogenic * Antimutagenic * Antinitrosaminic * Antioxidant IC50=54.2 uM * Antioxidant IC53=200 ppm Huang, M-T., and Ferraro, T. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Cancer Prevention. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.2 p.21. Antioxidant IC80=12 uM * Antiperoxidant IC50=36 uM Planta Medica, 57: A54, 1991. Antipolio Jim Duke's personal files. Antiradicular 9 x quercetin * Antiradicular 10 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994. Antiseptic * Antisunburn * Antithyroid Jim Duke's personal files. Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antitumor (Colon) * Antitumor (Forestomach) * Antitumor (Liver) * Antitumor (Skin) * Antitumor-Promoter IC25=10 uM * Antiulcer Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antiviral Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. Autotoxic * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardioprotective * Chemopreventive * Cholagogue Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Choleretic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Clastogenic Friedman, M. and Dao, L. 1990. Effect of Autoclaving and Conventional and Microwave Baking on the Ergot Alkaloid and Chlorogenic Acid Contents of Morning Glory (Ipomoea tricolor Cav. cv.) Heavenly Blue Seeds. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 805-808. CNS-Active Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. CNS-Stimulant 1/6 Caffeine * Collagen-Sparing * Diuretic * Fungicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Hepatoprotective Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. Histamine-Inhibitor * Hypoglycemic * Immunostimulant * Insectifuge Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae). Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994. Interferonogenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124. Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Larvistat Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Leukotriene-Inhibitor * Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC23=5 mM Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690. Metal-Chelator McEvily, A.J., Iyengar, R., and Gross, A.T. Inhibition of Polyphenol Oxidase by Phenolic Compounds. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.25. NO-Genic * Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19. Oviposition-Stimulant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Pesticide * Sunscreen * Sweetener Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Vulnerary *
0	D-GALACTOSE	Fruit	--	--	--	*
0	ELIXEN	Plant	--	--	--	*
33	EMETINE	Plant	--	--	--	*
Allergenic Mitchell, J. and Rook, A.J. 1923. Botanical Dermatology: plants and plant products injurious to the skin. Vancouver: Greengrass, 1979. xiii, 787 p.: ill. Amebicide (10 ppm), IC50=0.01-0.07 ug/ml * Anticarcinomic * Antidysenteric Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiinflammatory * Antileishmanic Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Antileukemic * Antimalarial Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Antipolio * Antiproteinigenic Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antivaccinia * Antiviral Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. Cardiotoxic Martindale's 29th Cytotoxic IC50=0.02 ug/ml Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. Dermatitigenic Mitchell, J. and Rook, A.J. 1923. Botanical Dermatology: plants and plant products injurious to the skin. Vancouver: Greengrass, 1979. xiii, 787 p.: ill. Diaphoretic Martindale's 28th DNA-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Emetic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Fungicide MIC=750-1500 ug/ml Martindale's 28th HIF-1-Inhibitor IC50=0.11 muM * Hypotensive Martindale's 29th Immunostimulant 1 ppm * Microphagocytogenic 1 ppm * Neurotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. Occuloirritant Mitchell, J. and Rook, A.J. 1923. Botanical Dermatology: plants and plant products injurious to the skin. Vancouver: Greengrass, 1979. xiii, 787 p.: ill. Pesticide * Protisticide * Secretolytic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Tachycardic Martindale's 29th Vermicide Martindale's 28th Vesicant Mitchell, J. and Rook, A.J. 1923. Botanical Dermatology: plants and plant products injurious to the skin. Vancouver: Greengrass, 1979. xiii, 787 p.: ill.
3	FALCARINONE	Stem	--	--	--	*
Fungicide Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. Pesticide * Phytoalexin Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
0	FAT	Seed	--	351000.0	0.45	*
0	GERMACRENE-B	Plant	--	--	--	*
0	HEDERACOSIDES	Plant	--	--	--	*
9	HEDERAGENIN	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Allergenic Mitchell, J. and Rook, A.J. 1923. Botanical Dermatology: plants and plant products injurious to the skin. Vancouver: Greengrass, 1979. xiii, 787 p.: ill. Anticapillary-Fragility * Antiedemic * Antifibrinolytic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53. Antiinflammatory * Antitrypanosomic MIC=50 ug/ml * Fungicide 7.5-25 ppm Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. Molluscicide 7.5-25 ppm Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. Pesticide *
4	ISOCHLOROGENIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	*
Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, 64. Antiseptic J. Nat. Prod. 46(5). Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Pesticide *
22	ISOQUERCITRIN	Stem	--	--	--	*
ACE-Inhibitor ID50=300 ug/ml rat (24 hr.) * Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Anticancer * Antielastase IC50=0.7 ug/ml * Antifeedant Russell, G. B., Phytochemical resources for crop protection, N. Z. J. Technol., 2, 1986, 127-134. Antiinflammatory * Antinociceptive * Antioxidant IC50=9.0 uM * Antioxidant 1/4 quercetin * Antiradicular 1/4 quercetin * Antitumor * Antitumor-Promoter * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Capillarigenic * Diaphoretic * Diuretic 10 ppm List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. Hypotensive Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Pesticide * TNF-alpha-Inhibitor * Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor 550 ug/ml Bernard, F. X., Sable, S., Cameron, B., Provost, J., Desnottes, J. F., Crouzet, J., Blanche, F. 1997. Glycosylated Flavones as Selective Inhibitors of Topoisomerase IV. Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy, 41: 992-998.
4	KAEMPFEROL-3-RHAMNOGLUCOSIDE	Twig	--	--	--	*
Antispasmodic * Choleretic * Diuretic * Purgative *
27	LINOLEIC-ACID	Seed	--	45630.0	-0.53	*
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor * Antiacne * Antialopecic * Antianaphylactic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antiandrogenic * Antiarteriosclerotic * Antiarthritic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Anticoronary Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antieczemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antifibrinolytic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53. Antigranular * Antihistaminic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antiinflammatory IC50=31 uM * Antileukotriene-D4 IC50=31 uM * Antimenorrhagic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). AntiMS Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antiprostatitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Carcinogenic Science News, 146: 421. Comedolytic * Hepatoprotective * Hypocholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.) Immunomodulator Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Metastatic Science News, 146: 421. Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. Propecic *
15	MALIC-ACID	Plant	--	--	--	*
Antiatherosclerotic * Antibacterial * Antifibromyalgic 300 mg 3x/day * Antioxidant Synergist Merck 11th Edition Antiseborrheic * Antiseptic Martindale's 29th Antitubercular * Antitumor Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. Bacteristat * Bruchiphobe Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. Hemopoietic * Laxative? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-91. Mycobactericide * Pesticide * Sialogogue Martindale's 29th
64	OLEANOLIC-ACID	Leaf	--	--	--	*
Abortifacient * Antiallergic * Antiarrhythmic 40 mg/kg * Antiatherosclerotic * Antibacterial MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Anticarcinomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Anticariogenic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Anticomplement IC40-50 0.01 mM/l gpg Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Anticomplement IC80-90 0.05 mM/l gpg Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Antiedemic IC36=40 mg/kg ipr rat * Antifertility * Antigingivitic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Antihepatotoxic * AntiHIV IC50=21.8 ug/ml * AntiHIV EC50=1.7 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. Antihyperlipidemic * Antiinflammatory 40 mg/kg ipr Aquino, R., De Feo, V., De Simone, F., Pizza, C., and Cirino, G. Plant Metabolites. New Compounds And Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Uncaria tomentosa. Journal of Natural Products, 54(2): 453-459, 1991. Antiischemic 40 mg/kg Antileukemic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antileukotriene IC50=17 uM * Antimalarial IC50=70-89 ug/ml * Antinephritic IC50=19-24 uM * Antioxidant Balanehru, S. and Nagarajan, B. 1992. Intervention of Adriamycin Induced Free Radical Damage. Biochemistry International 28(4): 735-744, 1992. Antioxidant IC46=10 uM * Antiperiodontic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Antiperoxidant IC30=200 ug/ml * AntiPGE2 IC50=24 uM * Antiplaque MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * Antiplasmodial IC50=70-89 ug/ml * Antisarcomic * Antiseptic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml * AntiTGF-beta IC50=19-24 uM * Antitumor * Antitumor (Breast) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Colon) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Kidney) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Lung) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antitumor (Pancreas) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. Antiulcer >carbenoxolone * Antiviral EC50=1.7 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. Antiviral IC50=21.8 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. Aromatase-Inhibitor * Beta-Blocker * Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor ~100 mg/kg * Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardioprotective 40 mg/kg * Cardiotonic * COX-2-Inhibitor Ringbom, T., Seguar, L., Noreen, Y., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Ursolic Acid from Plantago major, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. J. Nat. Prod., 61(10): 1212-1215. COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=295 uM/ * Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor * Diuretic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. Elastase-Inhibitor IC50=~15 uM * Hepatoprotective Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211. Hypolipemic * Hypotensive * Immunomodulator * Leucocytogenic * NF-kB-Inhibitor * Phagocytotic * Piscicide ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor igs mus * Sedative * Uterotonic * Vasopressor *

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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference

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^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Hedera helix (Araliaceae)

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