Ephedra sinica | Plant | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

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Common name(s)

Chinese Ephedra, Ma Huang

How used

Medicinal

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Activities: 581

Chemicals w/Activities: 92

All Chemicals: 173

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Exclude ubiquitous chemicals - View the list of ubiquitous chemicals

List of all chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
0	(+)-ISOEPHEDRINE	Plant	--	--	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
0	(+)-METHYLEPHEDRINE	Shoot	--	1840.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
0	(+)-N-METHYLPSEUDOEPHEDRINE	Plant	--	--	--	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
2	(+)-PSEUDOEPHEDRINE	Shoot	1300.0	7300.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
Antiinflammatory * Thermogenic < (-)-EPHEDRINE Bukowiecki, L., Jahjah, L., Follea, N. 1982. Ephedrine, a Potential Slimming Drug, Directly Stimulates Thermogenesis in Brown Adipocytes Via Beta-Adrenoreceptors. Int J Obesity, 6: 343-350.
2	(+)-PSEUDOEPHEDRINE	Plant	--	4100.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
Antiinflammatory * Thermogenic < (-)-EPHEDRINE Bukowiecki, L., Jahjah, L., Follea, N. 1982. Ephedrine, a Potential Slimming Drug, Directly Stimulates Thermogenesis in Brown Adipocytes Via Beta-Adrenoreceptors. Int J Obesity, 6: 343-350.
0	(-)-ALPHA-TERPINEOL	Essential Oil	--	--	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
1	(-)-EPHEDRINE	Rhizome	--	--	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
Thermogenic > (+)-pseudoephedrine & (-)-pseudoephedrine Bukowiecki, L., Jahjah, L., Follea, N. 1982. Ephedrine, a Potential Slimming Drug, Directly Stimulates Thermogenesis in Brown Adipocytes Via Beta-Adrenoreceptors. Int J Obesity, 6: 343-350.
1	(-)-EPHEDRINE	Shoot	--	7300.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
Thermogenic > (+)-pseudoephedrine & (-)-pseudoephedrine Bukowiecki, L., Jahjah, L., Follea, N. 1982. Ephedrine, a Potential Slimming Drug, Directly Stimulates Thermogenesis in Brown Adipocytes Via Beta-Adrenoreceptors. Int J Obesity, 6: 343-350.
1	(-)-EPHEDRINE	Plant	--	9800.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
Thermogenic > (+)-pseudoephedrine & (-)-pseudoephedrine Bukowiecki, L., Jahjah, L., Follea, N. 1982. Ephedrine, a Potential Slimming Drug, Directly Stimulates Thermogenesis in Brown Adipocytes Via Beta-Adrenoreceptors. Int J Obesity, 6: 343-350.
38	(-)-EPICATECHIN	Stem	--	--	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=22-50 uM/l * ACE-Inhibitor IC50=0.216 mM/l * ACE-Inhibitor 0.5 mg/ml rbt (weak activity) * Allelochemic Hanke, F. J., Natural Products as a Resource for Biologically Active Compounds, Thesis, U. Cal (Santa Cruz), 1986, 252 pp Antiaggregant * Antianaphylactic * Antibacterial * Antidiabetic 30 mg/kg rat * AntiEBV Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antihepatitic Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. AntiHIV EC50=2 ug/ml * Antihyperglycemic * Antiinflammatory * Antileukemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. Antileukotriene * Antilipoperoxidant * Antimutagenic * Antioxidant IC50=6.3 ug/ml * Antiperoxidant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. Antiviral EC50=2 ug/ml * Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 10 uM Zhu, M., Phillipson, J. D., Greengrass, P. M., Bowery, N. E., Cai, Y. 1997. Plant Polyphenols: Biologically Active Compounds or Non-Selective Binders to Protein? Phytochemistry, 44(3): 441-447. Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. Cardiotonic * Choline-Sparing * COMP-Inhibitor Dullo, A. G., et al. 1999. Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, 70: 1040-1045. Cytotoxic TC50=>100 ug/ml * Hypocholesterolemic * Hypoglycemic * Immunostimulant * Insulinogenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 170. Lipoxygenase-1-Inhibitor IC50=60 mM * Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=140 uM Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC97=5 mM Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690. Pancreatogenic * Pesticide * Reverse-Transcriptase-Inhibitor 10 ng/ml McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82. Vasodilator uM McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=>40 Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
21	(-)-EPIGALLOCATECHIN	Stem	--	--	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
ACE-Inhibitor * Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor * Antiacne * Antiamebic Meckes, M., Calzada, F., Tapia-Contreras, A., Cedillo-Rivera, R. 1999. Antiprotozoal Properties of Helianthemum glomeratum. Phytotherapy Research, 13(2): 102-105. Antibacterial * Anticarcinogenic * Anticaries * Antigiardial Meckes, M., Calzada, F., Tapia-Contreras, A., Cedillo-Rivera, R. 1999. Antiprotozoal Properties of Helianthemum glomeratum. Phytotherapy Research, 13(2): 102-105. Antimutagenic * Antioxidant IC50=2.3 uM * Antioxidant IC50=1.4 ug/ml * Antiradicular * Antistreptococcic * Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker 10 uM Zhu, M., Phillipson, J. D., Greengrass, P. M., Bowery, N. E., Cai, Y. 1997. Plant Polyphenols: Biologically Active Compounds or Non-Selective Binders to Protein? Phytochemistry, 44(3): 441-447. COMP-Inhibitor Dullo, A. G., et al. 1999. Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, 70: 1040-1045. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=21 uM Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp. Neuroprotective 400 uM * Peroxynitrite-Scavenger IC50=0.228 ug/ml * Pesticide * Protisticide Meckes, M., Calzada, F., Tapia-Contreras, A., Cedillo-Rivera, R. 1999. Antiprotozoal Properties of Helianthemum glomeratum. Phytotherapy Research, 13(2): 102-105. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=>40 Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
0	(-)-METHYLEPHEDRINE	Shoot	--	1100.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
0	(-)-METHYLEPHEDRINE	Plant	--	--	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
0	(-)-NOR-EPHEDRINE	Plant	--	--	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
0	(-)-NOR-EPHEDRINE	Shoot	--	430.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
0	(N)-METHYL-EPSILON-EPHEDRINE	Plant	--	--	--	*
0	1,2,3-TRIMETHYL-5-(2-PROPENYL)-BENZENE	Shoot	--	--	--	*
0	1,4-CINEOLE	Shoot	--	11.0	--	*
0	1-ACETYL-1,3-DIMETHYLCYCLOHEX-3-ENE	Essential Oil	--	53000.0	--	Jim Duke's personal files.
0	1-METHYL-3,4-DIHYDROPYRROLOPYRAZINE	Shoot	--	--	--	*

List of all activity chemical
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# Activity	Chemical Name	Part Filter by plant part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference

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^*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.

Plant Ephedra sinica (Ephedraceae)

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