0
|
1,8-CINEOL
|
Plant |
-- |
25.0 |
-- |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
28
|
ALPHA-PINENE
|
Plant |
-- |
40.0 |
-0.45 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Antiflu
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
*
Antiviral
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Expectorant
Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
*
Insectiphile
J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
*
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Sedative
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Tranquilizer
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
|
23
|
ALPHA-TERPINEOL
|
Plant |
-- |
30.0 |
-0.46 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
*
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml
Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allelopathic
Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antibacterial MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml
Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticancer
Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticariogenic MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml
Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antiseptic
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Cicatrizant ED50=240 ug/g mus
*
FLavor FEMA 5-40
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insecticide 1.29 uM/fly
*
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
*
Motor-Depressant
Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml
Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Sedative
Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Termiticide IC100=5 mg/g
*
Vulnerary ED50=240 ug/g mus
*
|
0
|
BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE
|
Plant |
-- |
135.0 |
-0.65 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
13
|
BETA-PINENE
|
Plant |
-- |
35.0 |
-0.40 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Antiseptic
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-600
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Spasmogenic
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
|
19
|
D-LIMONENE
|
Plant |
-- |
385.0 |
-0.50 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22=1.2 mM
*
Anticancer (Breast) 8,000 mg/kg
*
Antimelanomic IC50=450 uM/l
*
Antitumor (Breast) 8,000 mg/kg
*
Differentiator 8,000 mg/kg
*
FLavor FEMA 30-2,300
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Litholytic
Martindale's 28th
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.19 uM
*
|
0
|
EO
|
Plant |
-- |
6000.0 |
-0.28 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
3
|
ISOMENTHONE
|
Plant |
-- |
10.0 |
-0.71 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.6 mM
*
|
63
|
MENTHOL
|
Plant |
-- |
290.0 |
-0.42 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Allergenic
Martindale's 29th
Analgesic
Martindale's 28th
Anesthetic 2,000 ppm
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=2.0 mM
*
Antiallergic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antiasthmatic
Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill
Livinston, Edinburgh.
Antibacillus MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antibacterial MIC=0.625-2.5
*
Antibronchitic
Martindale's 28th
Antidandruff
A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp.
Antiescherichic MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antihalitosic
American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
Antihistaminic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antiinflammatory
Martindale's 28th
Antilisteria MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Antiodontalgic
Martindale's 28th
Antipruritic
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Antirheumatic
Martindale's 28th
Antisalmonella MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Antiseptic 4 x phenol
Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antisinusitic
Martindale's 28th
Antispasmodic ED50=0.01 mg/ml
Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Antistreptococcic MIC=0.4 mg/ml
*
Bradycardic 65 mg/3 x day/woman
Martindale's 28th
Bronchomucolytic
Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200.
Bronchomucotropic
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Bronchorrheic
Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200.
Candidicide MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Carminative
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Ciliotoxic
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
CNS-Stimulant
Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Congestant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Convulsant
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Decongestant? 11 mg/man
Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990.
Diaphoretic
Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Enterorelaxant
J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Expectorant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Gastrosedative
Merck 11th Edition
Irritant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Myorelaxant
Martindale's 29th
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml
Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Neurodepressant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Neuropathogenic 40-100 mg/day/rat
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Nociceptive
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Perfumery
Merck 11th Edition
Refrigerant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Termiticide
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
|
30
|
MENTHONE
|
Plant |
-- |
590.0 |
-0.42 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.4 mM
*
Antiallergic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antibacillary MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antibacterial MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml
*
Antiescherichic MIC=5 mg/ml
*
Antihistaminic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antilisteria MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antisalmonella MIC=5 mg/ml
*
Antiseptic 2.25 x phenol
Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antispasmodic ED50=0.044 mg/ml
Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml
*
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide MIC=2.5 mg/ml
*
Cerebrotoxic orl man
J. Aromatherapy 4: 24.
Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
*
FLavor FEMA 5-50
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l
*
Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
*
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml
Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Sedative
Ortiz de Urbina, A.V., Martin*, M.L., Montero, M.J., Moran, A., and San Roman, L. 1988. Sedating and Antipyretic Activity of the Essential Oil of Calamintha sylvatica subsp. Ascendens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 25: 165-171, 1989.
Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml
*
|
16
|
P-CYMENE
|
Plant |
-- |
65.0 |
-0.40 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Analgesic
Martindale's 28th
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC40=1.2 mM
*
Antirheumatalgic
Martindale's 28th
FLavor FEMA 12-250
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Herbicide IC50=50 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge
Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Laxative
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Sedative
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Trichomonicide LD100=50 ug/ml
*
|
3
|
PIPERITENONE
|
Plant |
-- |
120.0 |
-0.83 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=110 ug/ml
*
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Toxic 10,000/man
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
|
2
|
PIPERITENONE-OXIDE
|
Plant |
-- |
150.0 |
1.00 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
Insecticide
Shah, G.C., Bhandari, R. & Mathela, C.S. 1992. 1,2-Epoxy-p-Menthane Derivatives from some Labiatae Species. J. Ess. Oil Res. 4: 57-59.
|
0
|
PIPERITONE-OXIDE
|
Plant |
-- |
135.0 |
1.00 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
0
|
PONCIRIN
|
Plant |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
28
|
PULEGONE
|
Plant |
-- |
2760.0 |
-0.33 |
J. Ethnopharmacology, 39: 167. |
AChE-Inhibitor
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=0.9 mM
*
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=136 ug/ml
*
Antialzheimeran?
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antibacterial
Economou, D., and Nahrstedt, A. 1991. Chemical, Physiological, and Toxicological Aspects of the Essential Oil of Some Species of the Genus Bystropogon*. Planta Medica, 57: 347, 1991.
Anticholinesterase
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antihistaminic
Ortiz De Urbina, A.V., Martin, M.L., Montero, M.J., Carron, R., Sevilla, M.A., San Roman, L. 1989. Antihistaminic activity of pulegone on the guinea-pig ileum. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 295-296, 1990.
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide
Economou, D., and Nahrstedt, A. 1991. Chemical, Physiological, and Toxicological Aspects of the Essential Oil of Some Species of the Genus Bystropogon*. Planta Medica, 57: 347, 1991.
Cerebrotoxic orl man
J. Aromatherapy 4: 24.
Encephalopathic 80 mg/kg orl rat
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
FLavor FEMA 5-30
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Economou, D., and Nahrstedt, A. 1991. Chemical, Physiological, and Toxicological Aspects of the Essential Oil of Some Species of the Genus Bystropogon*. Planta Medica, 57: 347, 1991.
Glutathionalytic
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
Hallucinogenic
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Hepatotoxic
Lewis, E.J. and Friedrich, E.C. 1989. The Essential Oil of Poliomintha incana. Planta Medica 56(2): 224-226, 1990.
Herbicide IC50=1.5 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Nephrotoxic
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
|