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Activities: 587
Chemicals w/Activities: 92
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Chemical Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
ZINC Leaf0.4 3.4 -0.51 *
Activities (77)
ACE-Inhibitor
Analgesic
AntiBPH 25-60 mg/day
AntiCrohn's Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
AntiHIV
Antiacne 135 mg/day
Antiacrodermatitic 8-34 mg/day/orl/chdMartindale's 29th
Antialcoholic
Antialopecic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antialzheimeran 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiangiogenic
Antianorexic Martindale's 29th
Antiarthritic 50 mg/3x/day/orl/man
Anticanker 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 30 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticoeliac Martindale's 28th
Anticold 50 mgDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticolitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticoronary 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidandruff Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidementia
Antidiabetic 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidote (Cadmium) Let's Live, May 1989.
Antidysgeuzic
Antieczemic 150 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Antiepileptic 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antifibrotic 30 mg
Antifuruncular 45 mg/3x/day/manMartindale's 28th
Antihangover 15 mg
Antiherpetic? 25-60 mg/day
Antiimpotence Martindale's 29th
Antiinfective 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinfertility 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antilepric Martindale's 29th
Antileukonychic
Antilymphomic
Antimaculitic
Antimetastatic
Antineuropathic
Antinyctalopic
Antiobesity 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiosteoporotic
Antiperiodontitic
Antiplaque Martindale's 29th
Antiprolactin Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiprostatitic 50 mg/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antirheumatic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiseptic 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antispare-Tire 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antistomatitic 50 mg/man/3x/dayMartindale's 28th
Antisyndrome-X 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitinnitic 60-120 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antitriglyceride 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiulcer 50 mg/3x/day/manMartindale's 28th
Antiulcer 88 mg/rat/day/15 days
Antiviral? Martindale's 29th
Astringent Martindale's 28th
Collagenic
Copper-Antagonist Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Deodorant Martindale's 29th
Detoxicant (Alcohol)
Ergogenic
Hypotensive 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Immunosuppressant 300 mg/day/6 wks/orl/manMartindale's 29th
Insulinogenic 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Leptingenic 30-60 mg/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Mucogenic Li, K.M. Effect of zinc sulphate on acetic acid-induced gastric ulceration in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 657-659, 1990.
NF-kB-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Spermigenic 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Testosteronigenic 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Trichomonicide Martindale's 29th
Vulnerary Martindale's 28th
ZINC Bark-- 3.4 -0.91 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Activities (77)
ACE-Inhibitor
Analgesic
AntiBPH 25-60 mg/day
AntiCrohn's Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
AntiHIV
Antiacne 135 mg/day
Antiacrodermatitic 8-34 mg/day/orl/chdMartindale's 29th
Antialcoholic
Antialopecic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antialzheimeran 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiangiogenic
Antianorexic Martindale's 29th
Antiarthritic 50 mg/3x/day/orl/man
Anticanker 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 30 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticoeliac Martindale's 28th
Anticold 50 mgDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticolitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticoronary 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidandruff Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidementia
Antidiabetic 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidote (Cadmium) Let's Live, May 1989.
Antidysgeuzic
Antieczemic 150 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Antiepileptic 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antifibrotic 30 mg
Antifuruncular 45 mg/3x/day/manMartindale's 28th
Antihangover 15 mg
Antiherpetic? 25-60 mg/day
Antiimpotence Martindale's 29th
Antiinfective 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinfertility 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antilepric Martindale's 29th
Antileukonychic
Antilymphomic
Antimaculitic
Antimetastatic
Antineuropathic
Antinyctalopic
Antiobesity 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiosteoporotic
Antiperiodontitic
Antiplaque Martindale's 29th
Antiprolactin Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiprostatitic 50 mg/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antirheumatic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiseptic 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antispare-Tire 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antistomatitic 50 mg/man/3x/dayMartindale's 28th
Antisyndrome-X 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitinnitic 60-120 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antitriglyceride 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiulcer 50 mg/3x/day/manMartindale's 28th
Antiulcer 88 mg/rat/day/15 days
Antiviral? Martindale's 29th
Astringent Martindale's 28th
Collagenic
Copper-Antagonist Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Deodorant Martindale's 29th
Detoxicant (Alcohol)
Ergogenic
Hypotensive 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Immunosuppressant 300 mg/day/6 wks/orl/manMartindale's 29th
Insulinogenic 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Leptingenic 30-60 mg/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Mucogenic Li, K.M. Effect of zinc sulphate on acetic acid-induced gastric ulceration in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 657-659, 1990.
NF-kB-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Spermigenic 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Testosteronigenic 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Trichomonicide Martindale's 29th
Vulnerary Martindale's 28th
TRANS-BETA-FARNESENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (2)
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Pesticide
TOLUENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (1)
Encephalopathic Martindale's 29th
TIN Leaf1.3 12.0 -0.43 *
Activities (4)
Antiacne
Antibacterial
Pesticide
Taenicide Martindale's 28th
THIAMIN Leaf1.5 14.0 1.19 *
Activities (31)
Analgesic 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
AntiLyme 50 mg
Antialcoholic 50-100 mg/day
Antialzheimeran 100-3,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antianorectic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antibackache 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiberiberi
Anticanker
Anticardiospasmic
Anticataract
Anticolitic
Antidecubitic
Antideliriant
Antidementia
Antidyspeptic
Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Antifatigue Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antigastritic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihangover 50 mg
Antiheartburn
Antiherpetic
Antimigraine
Antimyocarditic
Antineuralgic 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antineurasthenic
Antineuritic
Antineuropathic 50 mgWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipoliomyelitic
Insectifuge 75-150 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Neuroprotective
Pesticide
TANNIN Plant-- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Activities (35)
Anthelmintic
AntiHIV
Antibacterial
Anticancer
Anticariogenic
Antidiarrheic
Antidysenteric
Antihepatotoxic
Antihypertensive
Antilipolytic
Antimutagenic
Antinephritic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Antiophidic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
Antioxidant IC50=1.44 ug/ml
Antioxidant 1/3 quercetin
Antiradicular 500 mg/kg/day orl musUchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Antiradicular 1/3 quercetin
Antirenitic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Antitumor
Antitumor-Promoter
Antiulcer
Antiviral
Cancer-Preventive HerbalGram No. 22 - Spring 1990, page 14.
Carcinogenic
Chelator
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor
Hepatoprotective
Immunosuppressant
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor
MAO-Inhibitor
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Psychotropic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor
STIGMASTEROL Essential Oil-- 2000.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (12)
Antihepatotoxic
Antiinflammatory Lawrence Review of Natural Products, 1995
Antinociceptive
Antiophidic 2.3 mg ipr musEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
Antioxidant IC33=10 uM
Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.
Artemicide LC50=110 ppmJung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Estrogenic
Hypocholesterolemic Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Ovulant
Sedative
STIGMASTEROL Plant-- 40.0 -0.81 =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Activities (12)
Antihepatotoxic
Antiinflammatory Lawrence Review of Natural Products, 1995
Antinociceptive
Antiophidic 2.3 mg ipr musEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
Antioxidant IC33=10 uM
Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.
Artemicide LC50=110 ppmJung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Estrogenic
Hypocholesterolemic Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Ovulant
Sedative
STEARIC-ACID Plant-- -- *
Activities (8)
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor
Cosmetic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA 2-4,000Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Hypocholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Lubricant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Propecic
Suppository Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
SODIUM Leaf1113.0 10400.0 1.2 *
Activities (1)
Hypertensive Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
SILICON Leaf1.5 14.0 -0.37 *
Activities (4)
Antiarteriosclerotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antionychyotic
Antiosteoporotic
Cardioprotective
SELENIUM Leaf0.1 1.2 -0.29 *
Activities (60)
AP-1-Inhibitor 2-50 uM
Analgesic 200 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anorexic Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
AntiHIV
AntiNF-kB
Antiacne 200 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiaggregant Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiangiogenic 2 uM
Antiangiogenic 230 ug/kg orl rat
Antiarthritic
Antiasthmatic
Antiatherosclerotic
Anticataract 400 ug/day
Anticirrhotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticlimacteric 200 ug/day
Anticoronary 200 ug/day
Antidandruff Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidepressant 200 ug/day
Antidote (Mercury) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antifibrotic 400 ug
Antigout 200 ug
Antikeshan Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antileukemic 1.6 mg/kg ipr mus
Antileukotriene Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimaculitic
Antimelanomic 480 ug/kg
Antimenopausal 200 ug/day
Antimetastatic 480 ug/kg
Antimyalgic 200 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoarthritic
Antioxidant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day
Antiparkinsonian 200-400 ug/day
Antiproliferant 2 uM
Antiradicular 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antirheumatic
Antisyndrome-X 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor (Breast) 333.6 ug/day
Antitumor (Breast) 0.8 mg/kg scu mus
Antitumor (Breast) 150 ug/kg diet rat
Antitumor (Breast) 230 ug/kg orl rat
Antitumor (Lung) 240 ug/kg diet
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (brain) 38-150 ug/kg
Antiulcerogenic Rafatullah, S., Tariq, M., Al-Yahya, M.A., Mossa, J.S., and Ageel, A.M. 1989. Evaluation of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) for Gastric and Duodenal Antiulcer Activity in Rats. J. of Ethnopharmacology, 29: 25-34, 1990.
Anxiolytic
Apoptotic
Cancer-Preventive Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cardioprotective 200 ug/day
Depressant Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
Fungicide Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
NF-kB-Inhibitor
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Polyamine-Synthesis-Inhibitor
Prostaglandin-Sparer Fujita, T., Nakatani, E., Funaishi, N., Sakuma, S., Fujimoto, Y. Potent inhibition of prostaglandin inactivation in rabbit gastric antral mucosal slices by selenium ions in-vitro. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 655-657, 1990.
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor IC50=2-50 uM
VEGF-Inhibitor
SAPONINS Leaf268.0 2500.0 -1.09 *
Activities (5)
Antihepatomic
Antimutagenic
Antitumor (Lung)
Antitumor (Ovary)
Immunomodulator
RIBOFLAVIN Leaf1.4 13.0 -0.12 *
Activities (15)
AntiLyme 50 mg/day
Antiarabiflavinotic 2-10 mg/day orlMartindale's 28th
Anticarpal-Tunnel 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 15 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticephalagic
Anticervicaldysplasic 1.6-10 mg/day
Anticheilitic
Antidecubitic
Antiglossitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antikeratitic
Antimigraine
Antioxidant
Antipellagric
Antiphotophobic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
RAFFINOSE Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
Flatugenic Singh, J., Gupta, K., and Arora, S.K. 1993. Changes in the anti-nutritional factors of developing seeds and pod walls of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.). Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 46: 77-84, 1994.
QUERCETIN Plant-- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Activities (176)
11B-HSD-Inhibitor
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM)=4
ATPase-Inhibitor Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC70-96=10 uM
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/mlIchikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=0.84 ug/ml cowOkada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=0.344 uMMao, X. M., Zhang, J. Q. 1993. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Extracts of Chinese Herbal Medicine. Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi , 18(10): 623-624.
Allelochemic IC82=1 mMLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Allergenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Analgesic
AntiCrohn's 400 mg/man/3x/dayPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
AntiGTF ID50=120 ug/ml
AntiHIV
AntiPMS 500 mg/2x/day/wmnPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiaflatoxin IC50=25 uM
Antiaflatoxin IC50=7.5 ppm
Antiaggregant IC50=55 uMEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 333.
Antiaggregant 30 uM
Antiaging
Antiallergic IC50=14 uMJim Duke's personal files.
Antialzheimeran
Antianaphylactic Meli, R., Autore, G., Di Carlo, G., Capasso, F. Inhibitory Action of Quercetin on Intestinal Transit in Mice. Phytotherapy Research 4(5): 201, 1990.
Antiangiogenic
Antiarthritic
Antiasthmatic IC50=14 uM
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticarcinomic (Breast) IC50=1.5 uMMedline (post 1990 searches filed in my computer)
Anticariogenic ID50=120 ug/ml
Anticataract
Anticolitic 400 mg/man/3x/dayPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anticomplementary
Anticystitic 1,000 mg/day/4 weeks
Antidepressant
Antidermatitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antidiabetic
Antielastase IC50=0.8 ug/ml
Antiencephalitic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 199.
Antiescherichic
Antiestrogenic
Antifeedant IC52=<1,000 ppm dietLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Antifibrosarcomic
Antiflu Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.
Antigastric Rastitel'nye Resursy, 21: 85.
Antigonadotropic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihepatotoxic Joyeux, M., Rolland, A., Fleurentin, J., Mortier, F., and Dorfman, P. 1989. Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Induced Injury in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes: A Model for Studying Anti-Hepatotoxic Crude Drugs. Planta Medica 56(2): 171-173, 1990.
Antiherpetic 48-150 ug/ml
Antihistaminic IC50=<10 uM
Antihydrophobic Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.
Antihypertensive Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antiinflammatory 20-150 mg/kgFitoterapia No.5-1990.
Antileishmanic IC50=64
Antileukemic IC50=10 uMEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 225.
Antileukemic IC50=>10 ug/mlLife Sciences 55: 1061.
Antileukemic 5.5-60 uM
Antileukotriene Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antilipoperoxidant IC67=50
Antimalarial IC50=1-6.4 ug/mlMedicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Antimelanomic
Antimetastatic
Antimutagenic ID50=2-5 nMPhenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Antimutagenic ID50=0.62 ug/ml
Antimyocarditic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 199.
Antinitrosaminic
Antinociceptive
Antioxidant IC96=300 ppmPhenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Antioxidant ED50=2.3 uMSeidel, V., Verholle, M., Malard, Y., Tillequin, F., Fruchart, J-C., Duriez, P., Bailleul, F., Teissier, E. 2000. Phenylpropanoids from Ballota nigra L. Inhibit in vitro LDL Peroxidation. Phytotherapy Research, 14(2): 93-98.
Antioxidant 4.7 x Vit. E
Antioxidant IC47=10 uM
Antipancreatitic Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antiperiodontal Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiperistaltic
Antipermeability
Antiperoxidant Planta Medica, 57: A110, 1991.
Antipharyngitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiplaque Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiplasmodial IC50=13-64
Antipodriac
Antipolio Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiproliferant 10 nM
Antiprostanoid
Antiprostatitic Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antipsoriac Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiradicular IC50=4.6 uMPlanta Medica, 56(6): 695, 1990.
Antispasmodic
Antistreptococcic ID50=120 ug/ml
Antithiamin Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, 69.
Antithrombic
Antitrypanosomic IC50=13
Antitumor 10 uM
Antitumor (Bladder)
Antitumor (Breast)
Antitumor (Colon)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antitumor (Ovary)
Antitumor (Skin) 20 uM
Antitumor-Promoter Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiulcer
Antiviral IC50=10 uMEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 225.
Antiviral 48-150 ug/mlAmoros, M., Simoes, C.M.O., Girre, L., et al. Synergistic Effect Of Flavones And Flavonols Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 In Cell Culture. Comparison With The Antiviral Activity Of Propolis. J. of Natural Products 55(12):1732-1740, 1992.
Apoptotic 20-60 uM
Bacteristat 10 mg/ml
Bradycardiac Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
COMT-Inhibitor
COX-2-Inhibitor <40 uM
Calmodulin-Antagonist Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide
Capillariprotective Merck 11th Edition
Carcinogenic 40,000 ppm (diet) musNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Catabolic
Copper-Chelator
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor
Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor
Cytotoxic ED50=70 ug/mlMatsukawa, Y., et al. The Effect of Quercetin and Other Flavonoids on Cell Cycle Progresssion and Growth of Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Planta Medica, 56(6): 677, 1990.
Cytotoxic IC82=100 ug/mlPlanta Medica, 57: A113, 1991.
Deiodinase-Inhibitor Jim Duke's personal files.
Diaphoretic? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.
Differentiator 5.5 uM
Estrogenic 10% genistein
Fungicide
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor ID50=120 ug/ml
HIV-RT-Inhibitor IC50=<1 ug/mlNakane, H., Fukushima, M., and Ono*, K. Differential Inhibition Of Reverse Transcriptase And Various DNA Polymerases By Digallic Acid And Its Derivatives. Journal of Natural Products, 53(5): 1234-1240, 1990.
Hemostat Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Hepatomagenic 5,000 ppm (diet) ratPhenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Hepatoprotective
Hypoglycemic 100 mg/kg orl ratIvorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.
Inotropic
Insulinogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Juvabional Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Larvistat 8,000 ppm dietLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC11=1.25 mMOszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690.
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=0.1-5 uM
MAO-A-Inhibitor
MMP-9-Inhibitor 20 uM
Mast-Cell-Stabilizer
Metal-Chelator (Copper) Seidel, V., Verholle, M., Malard, Y., Tillequin, F., Fruchart, J-C., Duriez, P., Bailleul, F., Teissier, E. 2000. Phenylpropanoids from Ballota nigra L. Inhibit in vitro LDL Peroxidation. Phytotherapy Research, 14(2): 93-98.
Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor IC50=>42 uM
Mutagenic
NADH-Oxidase-Inhibitor
NEP-Inhibitor IC50=>42 uM
NF-kB-Inhibitor
NO-Inhibitor IC>50=125 uM
NO-Inhibitor IC50=20 uM
NO-Synthase-Inhibitor 5-50 uM
Neuroprotective 5-25 uM
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor <10 uM
P450-Inducer 5 uMFather Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.
P450-Inhibitor 50-100 uMFather Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.
PGE2-Inhibitor
PTK-Inhibitor 0.4-24 uM
Pesticide
Phospholipase-Inhibitor
Plasmodicide Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Proliferant
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 40 ug/mlIbewuike, J. C., Ogungbamila, F. O., Ogundaini, A. O., Okeke, I. N., Bohlin, L. 1997. Antiinflammatory and Antibacterial Activities of C-methylflavonol from Piliostigma thonningii. Phytotherapy Research, 11(4): 281-284.
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14.
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 6 uMUda, Y., Price, K. R., Williamson, G., Rhodes, M. J. C. 1997. Induction of the Anticarcinogenic Marker Enzyme, Quinone Reductase, in Murine Hepatoma Cells In Vitro by Flavonoids. Cancer Lett., 120 (2): 213-216.
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 13 uM
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor IC50=3.11 uM
Teratologic
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor IC50=12.8 ug/ml
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor IC50=42 uM
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=1-6.9 ug/ml
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=23-40 uM
Tumorigenic 0.1% diet orl rat/yrJim Duke's personal files.
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=70 uM
Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 170.
VEGF-Inhibitor
Vasodilator
Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=>0.4 ug/mlChem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 1772.
Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=10.6 ug/ml
Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor 3.1 uM
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=20 uM
PYRIDINE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (3)
CNS-Depressant Merck 11th Edition
FLavor FEMA 0.02
Irritant Merck 11th Edition
POTASSIUM Leaf414.0 3870.0 -1.17 *
Activities (14)
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
Antiarrhythmic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antifatigue Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihypertensive
Antispasmodic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antistroke
Anxiolytic
Beta-Blocker
Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg
Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day
Diuretic
Hypotensive
Vasodilator
PHOSPHORUS Leaf300.0 2800.0 -0.4 *
Activities (4)
Antiosteoporotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anxiolytic
Immunostimulant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Osteogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
PHELLANDRENE Plant-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (4)
Hyperthermic HerbalGram No. 22 - Spring 1990, page 45.
Irritant Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Spasmogenic Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
Tumor-Promoter
PECTIN Leaf6420.0 60000.0 0.85 *
Activities (24)
Antiatheromic 15 g/man/dayCerda, J.J. Pectin in Health and Disease. HortScience, 25(12): 1485, 1990.
Antibacterial
Antidiabetic 10 g/man/day/orl
Antidiarrheic Merck 11th Edition
Antienteritic
Antigallstone
Antigastritic
Antilithic
Antimetastatic
Antimutagenic
Antiobesity Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antitumor (Colon)
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitussive
Antiulcer
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Chemopreventive
Demulcent
Fungicide Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Hemostat
Hypocholesterolemic
Hypoglycemic Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Peristaltic
Pesticide
PALMITIC-ACID Plant-- -- *
Activities (13)
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor
Antialopecic
Antiandrogenic
Antifibrinolytic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53.
Antioxidant IC40=60
FLavor FEMA 1Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Hemolytic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hypercholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Lubricant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Pesticide
Propecic
Soap Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
OXYASIATICOSIDE Plant-- -- Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Activities (2)
Antibacterial Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Pesticide
OLEIC-ACID Plant-- -- *
Activities (18)
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor
Allergenic
Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor
Anemiagenic
Antialopecic
Antiandrogenic
Antiinflammatory IC50=21 uM
Antileukotriene-D4 IC50=21 uM
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Choleretic 5 ml/man
Dermatitigenic
FLavor FEMA 1-30Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Hypocholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Merck 11th Edition
Percutaneostimulant Seki, T., Toeda, C., Kawaguchi, T., Juni, K., Sugibayashi, K., and Morimoto, Y. 1990. Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Zidovudine in Rats and Human Skin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(11): 3086-3089, 1990.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Propecic
NIACIN Leaf12.0 112.0 0.18 *
Activities (39)
Allergenic Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
AntiLyme 50 mg/day
AntiMeniere's Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
AntiRaynaud's 1,500-4,000 mg/day
Antiacrodynic
Antiallergic 50 mg/2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antialzheimeran
Antiamblyopic
Antianginal
Anticataract
Antichilblain Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticonvulsant 3 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidementia
Antidermatitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic
Antidysphagic
Antiepileptic 3 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihangover 50 mg
Antihistaminic 50 mg 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihyperactivity 1.5-6 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomnic 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antineuralgic
Antiparkinsonian 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipellagric Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiscotomic
Antispasmodic 100 mg 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antivertigo
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Circulotonic
Fibrinolytic
Hepatoprotective
Hepatotoxic
Hypocholesterolemic 50-100 mg 3x/day
Hypoglycemic
Hypolipidemic
Sedative Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Serotoninergic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Vasodilator Martindale's 29th
NEROLIDOL Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (11)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Allergenic
Antiacne
Antibacterial MIC=25-200 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticariogenic MIC=25-200 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antifeedant 1 mM (diet)Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Antistreptococcic
FLavor FEMA 1-10Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
NEROL Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (10)
Antibacterial HerbalGram No. 17.
Antihelicobacter
Antiseptic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antiulcer
Estrogenic
FLavor FEMA 1-20Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Sedative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Trichomonicide ED100=300 ug/ml
MYRCENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (22)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allergenic
Analgesic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antibacterial
Anticonvulsant
Antimutagenic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antinitrosaminic
Antinociceptive 10-20 mg/kg ipr musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antinociceptive 20-40 mg/kg scu musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
Antispasmodic Jim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
FLavor FEMA 0.5-9Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypothermic
Insectifuge
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Myorelaxant 100-200 mg/kg
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.14 uM
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
MYRCENE Essential Oil-- 6000.0 -0.37 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (22)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allergenic
Analgesic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antibacterial
Anticonvulsant
Antimutagenic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antinitrosaminic
Antinociceptive 10-20 mg/kg ipr musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antinociceptive 20-40 mg/kg scu musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
Antispasmodic Jim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
FLavor FEMA 0.5-9Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypothermic
Insectifuge
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Myorelaxant 100-200 mg/kg
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.14 uM
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
METHANOL Plant-- -- *
Activities (2)
AntiHIV EC50=<20 ug/ml
Antidote #NAME?Martindale's 29th
MANGANESE Leaf3.0 27.7 -0.41 *
Activities (14)
AntiPMS
Antialcoholic Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications.
Antianemic Martindale's 28th
Antiarthritic
Antidiabetic 3-5 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day
Antidiscotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidyskinetic Martindale's 28th
Antiepileptic 450 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic
Antiototic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antioxidant
Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypoglycemic 10-30 mg/man/day
MAGNESIUM Leaf342.0 3200.0 -0.36 *
Activities (65)
AntiCFS
AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg
AntiMS
AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl
AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl
AntiRaynaud's 280-350 mg/day
Antiaggregant 400 mg/day
Antialcoholic
Antianginal 400 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antianorectic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antianxiety 400 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiarrhythmic 400 mg/day
Antiarthritic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiasthmatic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiatherosclerotic 400 mg/day
Anticephalagic
Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day
Anticonvulsant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp.
Anticoronary 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day
Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day
Antienterotic
Antiepileptic 450 mg/day
Antifatigue
Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day
Antigastrotic
Antiglaucomic
Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihypertensive
Antihypoglycemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antilithic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimastalgic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day
Antimigraine 200 mg/day/manWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antimitral-valve-prolapse
Antinephrolytic
Antineurotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl
Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day
Antiretinopathic 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antispasmodic
Antispasmophilic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antistress 500-750 mg/day
Antistroke 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day
CNS-Depressant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp.
Calcium-Antagonist
Cardioprotective
Diuretic
Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day
Immunomodulator
Insulinogenic 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Laxative 300-500 mg/day
Litholytic
Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Neurotransmitter
Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day
Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Vasodilator
MADECASSOSIDE Plant-- -- Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Activities (2)
Antiedemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
MADECASSOSIDE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (2)
Antiedemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
LINOLEIC-ACID Plant-- -- *
Activities (27)
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor
AntiMS Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiacne
Antialopecic
Antianaphylactic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiandrogenic
Antiarteriosclerotic
Antiarthritic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Anticoronary Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antieczemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antifibrinolytic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53.
Antigranular
Antihistaminic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiinflammatory IC50=31 uM
Antileukotriene-D4 IC50=31 uM
Antimenorrhagic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiprostatitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Carcinogenic Science News, 146: 421.
Comedolytic
Hepatoprotective
Hypocholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Immunomodulator Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Metastatic Science News, 146: 421.
Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Propecic
LINALOOL Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (53)
Acaricide C90=<15 ul/l (=<15 ppm
Allergenic
Analgesic
Anesthetic 0.01-1 ug/ml
Antiacetylcholinesterase
Antiallergic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antianaphylactic
Antibacterial MIC=1,600 ug/ml
Anticariogenic MIC=1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticolic
Anticonvulsant 200 mg/kg ipr mus
Antiedemic
Antiglutamaergic
Antihistaminic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antilymphomic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antimange
Antimite
Antimutagenic
Antiseptic 5 x phenolWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antishock Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antispasmodic Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms (Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990.
Antiviral
Barbituate-Synergist
Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
CNS-Depressant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Carminative
Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Cytotoxic
Expectorant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
FLavor FEMA 2-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Acta Botanica Sinica, 32: 49.
GABA-nergic
Hypnotic
Hypothermic
Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Mosquitofuge > Deet
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Prooxidant Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Sedative 200 mg/kg ipr mus (1% as active as diazepam)
Termitifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml
Tumor-Promoter
LIMONENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (60)
AChE-Inhibitor Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Acaricide LC100=8 uM
Allelochemic
Allergenic 1/20th carene
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM
Antiadenomic
Antialzheimeran? Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiasthmatic
Antibacterial Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994.
Anticancer
Antiesophagitic
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory
Antilithic
Antilymphomic
Antimetastatic (Stomach)
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antiobesity
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/mlFitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antitumor
Antitumor (Breast)
Antitumor (Colon)
Antitumor (Pancreas)
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (Stomach)
Antiviral
Apoptotic
Bronchoprotectant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Chemopreventive
Cholesterolytic
Detoxicant
Enterocontractant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Expectorant
FLavor
Fungiphilic J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283.
Fungistat
GST-Inducer
Herbicide IC50=45 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Histaminic
Immunomodulator
Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
Irritant
Lipolytic
Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg
NO-Genic
Nematicide IC=100 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet)
Ozone-Scavenger
P450-Inducer
Peristaltic
Pesticide
Photosensitizer Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Transdermal
LIGNOCERIC-ACID Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
Antihepatotoxic
KAEMPFEROL Leaf-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (75)
11B-HSD-Inhibitor
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM)=20
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uMOliveira, T. T., Nagem, T. J., Miranda, L. C. G., Paula, V. F., Teixeira, M. A. 1997. Inhibitory Action on Aldose Reductase by Soybean Flavonoids. J Braz Chem Soc, 8(3): 211-213.
Antiaflatoxin IC50=8.73 uM
Antiaflatoxin IC50=3.28 ppm
Antiaggregant 30 uM
Antiallergic
Antibacterial 20 ug/ml
Anticancer
Antifertility 250 mg/kg/day/60 days/orl ratKumar, P., Dixit*, V.P., and Khanna, P. Antifertility Studies of Kaempferol: Isolation and Identification from Tissue Culture of some Medicinally Important Plant Species. Plantes medicinales et phytotherapie, 23: 193-201, 1989.
Antigingivitic 20 ug/ml
Antiherpetic 23-92 ug/mlAmoros, M., Simoes, C.M.O., Girre, L., et al. Synergistic Effect Of Flavones And Flavonols Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 In Cell Culture. Comparison With The Antiviral Activity Of Propolis. J. of Natural Products 55(12):1732-1740, 1992.
Antihistaminic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Antiimplantation
Antiinflammatory 20 mg/kg
Antiinflammatory 200 mg/kg ipr rat
Antileukemic IC50=3.1 ug/mlLife Sciences 55: 1061.
Antilymphocytic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antimutagenic ID50=10-40 nMPhenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Antioxidant IC50=40 uM
Antioxidant 3/4 quercetin
Antioxidant IC50=1.2 ug/ml
Antiperiodontic 20 ug/ml
Antiplaque 20 ug/ml
Antiradicular 7 x quercetin
Antiseptic 20 ug/ml
Antiserotonin 200 mg/kg ipr rat
Antispasmodic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Antistaphylococcic
Antitumor
Antitumor-Promoter Yasukawa, K., Takido, M., Takeuchi, M., Sato, Y., Nitta, K., and Nakagawa, S. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Flavonol Glycosides on 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-Induced Tumor Promotion. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(3): 774-776, 1990.
Antiulcer 50-200 mg/kg ipr rat
Antiviral 23-92 ug/ml
Apoptotic 60 uM
Aromatase-Inhibitor IC12=1 uM/lJournal of Medicinal Food 2: 235.1999.
COX-2-Inhibitor
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Carcinogenic Hutchings, A, Scott, AH, Lewis, G, and Cunningham, A. 1996. Zulu Medicinal Plants. An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. 450 pp.
Choleretic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Copper-Chelator
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM) =20
Cytotoxic
Diaphoretic? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.
Diuretic
Estrogenic EC50=0.1-25 uM/lJournal of Medicinal Food 2: 227.1999.
Estrogenic EC50=0.56 uM
Fungicide 20 ug/mlFather Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.
HIV-RT-Inhibitor IC50=50-150 ug/mlGarcia, J., Morin,* C., Nyasse, B., Sondengam, B-L., Tchouankeu, J-C., and Tsamo, E. Complete Structural Assignments Of An Ergosterol Derivative From Entandrophragma utile. Journal of Natural Products, 54(1): 136-142, 1991.
Hepatoprotective IC50=5.46 uM
Hepatoprotective IC50=1.30 ppm
Hypotensive
ICAM-1-Inhibitor
Inotropic
Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
JNK-Inhibitor
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
MAO-Inhibitor
Mutagenic
NO-Inhibitor IC50=13.9 uM
Natriuretic
Neuroprotective
PAF-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Protisticide Meckes, M., Calzada, F., Tapia-Contreras, A., Cedillo-Rivera, R. 1999. Antiprotozoal Properties of Helianthemum glomeratum. Phytotherapy Research, 13(2): 102-105.
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 3 uM
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor IC50=3.99 uM
Teratologic
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health, 14: 223-237.
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=8.1 ug/mlConstantinou, A., Mehta, R., Runyan, C., Rao, K., Vaughan, A., Moon, R. 1995. Flavonoids as DNA Topoisomerase Antagonists and Poisons: Structure-Activity Relationships. J Natural Products, 58: 217-225.
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=230 uM
Uterotrophic EC50=0.1-25 uM/lJournal of Medicinal Food 2: 227.1999.
Vasodilator
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor
iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=<15 uM
iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=13.9 uM
KAEMPFEROL Plant-- -- *
Activities (75)
11B-HSD-Inhibitor
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM)=20
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uMOliveira, T. T., Nagem, T. J., Miranda, L. C. G., Paula, V. F., Teixeira, M. A. 1997. Inhibitory Action on Aldose Reductase by Soybean Flavonoids. J Braz Chem Soc, 8(3): 211-213.
Antiaflatoxin IC50=8.73 uM
Antiaflatoxin IC50=3.28 ppm
Antiaggregant 30 uM
Antiallergic
Antibacterial 20 ug/ml
Anticancer
Antifertility 250 mg/kg/day/60 days/orl ratKumar, P., Dixit*, V.P., and Khanna, P. Antifertility Studies of Kaempferol: Isolation and Identification from Tissue Culture of some Medicinally Important Plant Species. Plantes medicinales et phytotherapie, 23: 193-201, 1989.
Antigingivitic 20 ug/ml
Antiherpetic 23-92 ug/mlAmoros, M., Simoes, C.M.O., Girre, L., et al. Synergistic Effect Of Flavones And Flavonols Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 In Cell Culture. Comparison With The Antiviral Activity Of Propolis. J. of Natural Products 55(12):1732-1740, 1992.
Antihistaminic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Antiimplantation
Antiinflammatory 20 mg/kg
Antiinflammatory 200 mg/kg ipr rat
Antileukemic IC50=3.1 ug/mlLife Sciences 55: 1061.
Antilymphocytic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antimutagenic ID50=10-40 nMPhenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Antioxidant IC50=40 uM
Antioxidant 3/4 quercetin
Antioxidant IC50=1.2 ug/ml
Antiperiodontic 20 ug/ml
Antiplaque 20 ug/ml
Antiradicular 7 x quercetin
Antiseptic 20 ug/ml
Antiserotonin 200 mg/kg ipr rat
Antispasmodic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Antistaphylococcic
Antitumor
Antitumor-Promoter Yasukawa, K., Takido, M., Takeuchi, M., Sato, Y., Nitta, K., and Nakagawa, S. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Flavonol Glycosides on 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-Induced Tumor Promotion. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(3): 774-776, 1990.
Antiulcer 50-200 mg/kg ipr rat
Antiviral 23-92 ug/ml
Apoptotic 60 uM
Aromatase-Inhibitor IC12=1 uM/lJournal of Medicinal Food 2: 235.1999.
COX-2-Inhibitor
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Carcinogenic Hutchings, A, Scott, AH, Lewis, G, and Cunningham, A. 1996. Zulu Medicinal Plants. An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. 450 pp.
Choleretic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Copper-Chelator
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM) =20
Cytotoxic
Diaphoretic? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.
Diuretic
Estrogenic EC50=0.1-25 uM/lJournal of Medicinal Food 2: 227.1999.
Estrogenic EC50=0.56 uM
Fungicide 20 ug/mlFather Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.
HIV-RT-Inhibitor IC50=50-150 ug/mlGarcia, J., Morin,* C., Nyasse, B., Sondengam, B-L., Tchouankeu, J-C., and Tsamo, E. Complete Structural Assignments Of An Ergosterol Derivative From Entandrophragma utile. Journal of Natural Products, 54(1): 136-142, 1991.
Hepatoprotective IC50=5.46 uM
Hepatoprotective IC50=1.30 ppm
Hypotensive
ICAM-1-Inhibitor
Inotropic
Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
JNK-Inhibitor
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
MAO-Inhibitor
Mutagenic
NO-Inhibitor IC50=13.9 uM
Natriuretic
Neuroprotective
PAF-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Protisticide Meckes, M., Calzada, F., Tapia-Contreras, A., Cedillo-Rivera, R. 1999. Antiprotozoal Properties of Helianthemum glomeratum. Phytotherapy Research, 13(2): 102-105.
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 3 uM
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor IC50=3.99 uM
Teratologic
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health, 14: 223-237.
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=8.1 ug/mlConstantinou, A., Mehta, R., Runyan, C., Rao, K., Vaughan, A., Moon, R. 1995. Flavonoids as DNA Topoisomerase Antagonists and Poisons: Structure-Activity Relationships. J Natural Products, 58: 217-225.
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=230 uM
Uterotrophic EC50=0.1-25 uM/lJournal of Medicinal Food 2: 227.1999.
Vasodilator
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor
iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=<15 uM
iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=13.9 uM
ISOQUERCITRIN Leaf-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (22)
ACE-Inhibitor ID50=300 ug/ml rat (24 hr.)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticancer
Antielastase IC50=0.7 ug/ml
Antifeedant Russell, G. B., Phytochemical resources for crop protection, N. Z. J. Technol., 2, 1986, 127-134.
Antiinflammatory
Antinociceptive
Antioxidant 1/4 quercetin
Antioxidant IC50=9.0 uM
Antiradicular 1/4 quercetin
Antitumor
Antitumor-Promoter
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Capillarigenic
Diaphoretic
Diuretic 10 ppmList, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Hypotensive Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor 550 ug/mlBernard, F. X., Sable, S., Cameron, B., Provost, J., Desnottes, J. F., Crouzet, J., Blanche, F. 1997. Glycosylated Flavones as Selective Inhibitors of Topoisomerase IV. Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy, 41: 992-998.
IRON Leaf3.0 29.0 -0.85 *
Activities (6)
Antiakathisic Martindale's 29th
Antianemic Martindale's 29th
Anticanker
Anticheilitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Prooxidant
INOSITOL Plant-- -- Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Activities (8)
Antialopecic
Anticirrhotic
Antidiabetic? Martindale's 29th
Antineuropathic? 2 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Cholesterolytic 2,000 mg/man/day
Lipotropic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Sweetener Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Ubiquiot Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
GLYCINE Plant-- -- =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Activities (12)
Antiacid Martindale's 29th
Antialdosteronic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antidote (Hypoglycin-A) Martindale's 29th
Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Antigastritic Martindale's 29th
Antiprostatitic 125-250 mg 3 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipruritic Merck 11th Edition
Antisickling Ekeke, G.I. and Shode, F.O. 1988. Phenylalanine is the Predominant Antisickling Agent in Cajanus cajan Seed Extract. Planta Medica 56(1): 41, 1990.
Antiulcer Martindale's 29th
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Neuroinhibitor Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Uricosuric
GLUTAMIC-ACID Plant-- -- =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Activities (8)
Antialkali? 500-1,000 mg/day/orl/manMartindale's 29th
Antiepileptic
Antihyperammonemic Martindale's 29th
Antilithic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiprostatitic 125-250 mg 3 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiretardation Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anxiolytic Merck 11th Edition
Neurotoxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
GLUCOSE Plant-- -- Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Activities (7)
Acetylcholinergic
Antiedemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihepatotoxic Merck 11th Edition
Antiketotic Merck 11th Edition
Antivaricose Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hyperglycemic Merck 11th Edition
Memory-Enhancer Science News, 138: 189, 1990.
GERMACRENE-D Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (2)
Pesticide
Pheromone
GERMACRENE-D Essential Oil-- 160000.0 1.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (2)
Pesticide
Pheromone
GERMACRENE-D Plant-- -- *
Activities (2)
Pesticide
Pheromone
GERANIOL Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (35)
Allergenic
Anthelmintic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
Antibacterial MIC=400 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antibacterial MIC=64 ug/ml
Antibacterial MBC=800 ug/ml
Anticancer (Pancreas) IC50=265 uM
Anticariogenic MIC=400 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antimelanomic IC50=150 uM/l
Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml
Antiseptic 7 x phenolWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antiseptic MIC=64 ug/ml
Antiseptic 400-800 ug/ml
Antispasmodic Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms (Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990.
Antitubercular MIC=64 ug/ml
Antitumor Yu, S.G., Anderson, P.J., and Elson, C.E. 1995. Efficacy of B-Ionone in the Chemoprevention of Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2144-2147.
Antitumor (Pancreas) IC50=265 uM
Ascaricide Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
CNS-Stimulant List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide
Embryotoxic
Emetic 3 x ipecacLawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-97.
Expectorant Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
FLavor FEMA 1-10Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide IC93=2 mMLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Herbicide IC100-2,000 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge 50 ppm
Insectiphile Merck 11th Edition
Mycobactericide MIC=64 ug/ml
Nematicide IC86=100 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Nematicide MLC=1,000 ug/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Sedative
Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml
GAMMA-TERPINENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (11)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Acaricide
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC23=1.2 mM
Antifeedant Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
FLavor FEMA 1-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
GAMMA-TERPINENE Essential Oil-- 4000.0 -0.77 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (11)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Acaricide
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC23=1.2 mM
Antifeedant Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
FLavor FEMA 1-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
FIBER Leaf20000.0 187000.0 0.31 *
Activities (15)
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
Antidiabetic
Antihypertensive
Antiobesity
Antitumor Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiulcer Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Beta-Blocker
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Diuretic
Hypocholesterolemic
Hypotensive 10 g/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Hypouricemic
Laxative
Vasodilator
FARNESOL Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (17)
Allergenic
Antiadenomic
Anticancer (Pancreas) IC50=39 uM
Anticarcinomic (Colon)
Anticarcinomic (Lung)
Antileukemic
Antimelanomic IC50=50 uM/l
Antispasmodic
Apoptotic
FLavor FEMA 0.1-3Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Juvabional Russell, G. B., Phytochemical resources for crop protection, N. Z. J. Technol., 2, 1986, 127-134.
Nematicide MLC=100 ug/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Pheromonal
Sedative
Trichomonicide LD100=100 ug/ml
ELAIDIC-ACID Plant-- -- *
Activities (2)
Antiinflammatory IC50=54 uM
Antileukotriene-D4 IC50=54 uM
DELTA-CADINENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (9)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Antiacne
Antibacterial MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticariogenic MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antistreptococcic
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer
P450-Inducer
Pesticide
Testosterone-Inducer
COBALT Leaf0.8 7.3 -0.26 *
Activities (2)
Cardiomyopathogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Erythrocytogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
CHROMIUM Leaf0.1 1.0 -0.56 *
Activities (24)
Amphiglycemic? Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
AntiAGE 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
AntiCFS 200 ug
Antiacne
Antiaging 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiatherosclerotic 20 ug/day
Anticorneotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic 200-1,000 ug
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antifatigue 200 ug
Antiglycosuric 200-1,000 ug
Antiobesity 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antisyndrome-X 200-800 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitriglyceride 20 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antitriglyceride 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Cardioprotective
Energizer
Hypocholesterolemic 20 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Hypocholesterolemic 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypoglycemic 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotensive 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Immunomodulator
Insulinogenic
Memorigenic
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (8)
Antiedemic Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antifeedant Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993.
Antiinflammatory Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Calcium-Antagonist ED50=32 uM gpg
Fungicide
Insecticide Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993.
Pesticide
CAMPHOR Essential Oil-- -- *
Activities (41)
Allelopathic
Analgesic
Anesthetic
Antiacne Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Antidiarrheic 500 ug/mlWealth of India.
Antidysenteric 500 ug/mlWealth of India.
Antiemetic 100-200 mg man orlHuang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antifeedant IC50=5,000 ppm dietLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Antifibrositic Martindale's 28th
Antineuralgic Martindale's 28th
Antipruritic Merck 11th Edition
Antiseptic Merck 11th Edition
Antispasmodic ED50=0.075 mg/mlFitoterapia No.59-1984.
CNS-Stimulant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Convulsant R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Cosmetic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Counterirritant Martindale's 28th
Decongestant Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Deliriant Merck 11th Edition
Ecbolic
Emetic
Epileptigenic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Expectorant Martindale's 29th
Fungicide ED50=2.7 mMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Herbicide IC50=3.3-180 mMLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Insect-Repellent
Insectifuge
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Occuloirritant
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=7.89 uM
Pesticide
Respirainhibitor Merck 11th Edition
Respirastimulant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Rubefacient
Stimulant R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Transdermal
Verrucolytic Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Vibriocide 500 ug/mlWealth of India.
CAMPHENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (9)
Allelopathic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antilithic? Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
Expectorant Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
FLavor FEMA 15-175Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Hypocholesterolemic? Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Pesticide
Spasmogenic Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
CAMPESTEROL Essential Oil-- 2000.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (2)
Antioxidant IC37=10 uM
Hypocholesterolemic Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
CAMPESTEROL Plant-- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Activities (2)
Antioxidant IC37=10 uM
Hypocholesterolemic Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
CALCIUM Leaf1700.0 15890.0 -0.17 *
Activities (28)
AntiPMS 1 g/day
Antiallergic 500 mg/day
Antianxiety Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg
Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day
Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day
Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Aluminum) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihypertensive
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenopausal 1,000-1,500 mg/day
Antiobesity
Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day
Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day
Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day
Antitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anxiolytic 500-1,500 mg/day
Calcium-Channel-Blocker
Diuretic
Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Hypotensive 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg
Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day
Vasodilator
BRAHMOSIDE Plant-- 3700.0 =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Activities (7)
CNS-Depressant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hypertensive Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hypothermic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Motor-Depressant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Sedative Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Tranquilizer =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Uterorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
BRAHMINOSIDE Plant-- 1600.0 =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Activities (8)
Antifertility Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
CNS-Depressant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hypertensive Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hyperthermic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Motor-Depressant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Sedative
Tranquilizer =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Uterorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
BETULINIC-ACID Plant-- 1100.0 -0.49 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (22)
Anthelmintic
AntiHIV EC50=2.0 ug/mlKashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095.
AntiHIV IC50=6.5 ug/ml
AntiHIV 14.8 uM
Antibacterial
Anticancer Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticarcinomic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiedemic
Antiinflammatory Recio, M., et al. 1994. Investigations on the Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Triterpenoids from Diospyros leucomelas*. Planta Medica, 61: 9.
Antileukemic
Antimalarial IC50=19-26 ug/ml
Antimelanomic New York Times, 3/28/95.
Antinociceptive
Antiplasmodial IC50=19-26 ug/ml
Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiviral 14.8 uM
Apoptotic
Cytotoxic 50-100 ppmBiosyn. Prod. Cancer Chemotherapy (Petit et al)
Cytotoxic 16.4 uM
Phospholipase-A2-Inhibitor
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 200 ug/mlDunstan, C. A., Liu, B., Welch, C. J., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Alphitol, a Phenolic Substance from Alphitonia zizyphoides which Inhibits Prostaglandin Biosynthesis in vitro. Phytochemistry, 48(3): 495-497.
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=101 uMHuang, C., Tunon, H., Bohlin, L. 1995. Anti-Inflammatory Compounds Isolated from Menyanthes trifoliata L. Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 30(8): 621-626.
BETA-SITOSTEROL Plant-- -- Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Activities (47)
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic Martindale's 28th
Antiadenomic Merck 11th Edition
Antiandrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antibacterial Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.
Anticancer (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
Anticancer (Cervix)
Anticancer (Lung)
Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl
Antiestrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antifertility Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antigonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic
Antilymphomic
Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml
Antiophidic 2.3 mg musEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
Antioxidant IC44=10 uM
Antiprogestational Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks
Antiprostatadenomic Merck 11th Edition
Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man
Antipyretic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Antitumor (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
Antitumor (Cervix)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.
Apoptotic
Artemicide LC50=110 ppmJung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.
Caspase-8-Inducer
Estrogenic
Febrifuge Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Gonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Hepatoprotective
Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orlMartindale's 30th
Hypocholesterolemic 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orlMartindale's 28th
Hypoglycemic Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.
Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day
Pesticide
Spermicide Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat
BETA-SITOSTEROL Essential Oil-- 2000.0 1.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (47)
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic Martindale's 28th
Antiadenomic Merck 11th Edition
Antiandrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antibacterial Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.
Anticancer (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
Anticancer (Cervix)
Anticancer (Lung)
Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl
Antiestrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antifertility Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antigonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic
Antilymphomic
Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml
Antiophidic 2.3 mg musEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
Antioxidant IC44=10 uM
Antiprogestational Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks
Antiprostatadenomic Merck 11th Edition
Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man
Antipyretic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Antitumor (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
Antitumor (Cervix)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.
Apoptotic
Artemicide LC50=110 ppmJung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.
Caspase-8-Inducer
Estrogenic
Febrifuge Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Gonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Hepatoprotective
Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orlMartindale's 30th
Hypocholesterolemic 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orlMartindale's 28th
Hypoglycemic Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.
Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day
Pesticide
Spermicide Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat
BETA-SESQUIPHELLANDRENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (5)
Antirhinoviral IC50=0.44 uMDenyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
Antiulcer IC40=50 mg/kgYamahara, J., et al. Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of... Yakugaku Zasshi 112: 645-655 (1992).
Expectorant
Pesticide
Stomachic
BETA-PINENE Plant-- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Activities (13)
Allergenic
Antiinflammatory
Antiseptic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antispasmodic
Candidicide
FLavor FEMA 15-600Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Spasmogenic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Transdermal
BETA-PINENE Essential Oil-- 2000.0 -0.69 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (13)
Allergenic
Antiinflammatory
Antiseptic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antispasmodic
Candidicide
FLavor FEMA 15-600Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Spasmogenic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Transdermal
BETA-ELEMENE Leaf-- -- Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Activities (5)
Anticancer (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Antigliomic
Antiproliferant
Antitumor (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Apoptotic
BETA-ELEMENE Essential Oil-- 30000.0 -0.49 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (5)
Anticancer (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Antigliomic
Antiproliferant
Antitumor (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Apoptotic
BETA-CAROTENE Leaf40.0 369.0 0.47 *
Activities (53)
Allergenic
Androgenic? Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
AntiPMS
Antiacne Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiaging
Antiarthritic
Antiasthmatic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anticancer Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticarcinomic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anticervicaldysplasic
Anticoronary 50 mg/man/2 days
Antihyperkeratotic
Antiichythyotic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antileukoplakic
Antilipoperoxidant IC71=50 ug/ml
Antilupus 150 mg/man/day/2 mosMartindale's 28th
Antimaculitic
Antimastitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antioxidant Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiozenic
Antipapillomic
Antiphotophobic 30-300 mg/man/dayMartindale's 29th
Antipityriasic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiporphyric 30-300 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiproliferant Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antipsoriac Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiradicular Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antirheumatic
Antistress Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antitumor Simon, P.W. Carrots and Other Horticultural Crops as a Source of Provitamin A Carotenes. HortScience, 25(12): 1495, 1990.
Antitumor (Breast) IC45=60 ug/ml
Antitumor (CNS) IC43=45 ug/ml
Antitumor (Colon) IC43=45 ug/ml
Antitumor (Lung) IC30=60 ug/ml
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (Stomach) IC26=45 ug/ml
Antiulcer 12 mg 3x/day/man/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiulcer 15,000-25,000 IU/day
Antixerophthalmic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
COX-1-Inhibitor IC78=50 ug/ml
COX-2-Inhibitor IC82=50 ug/ml
Cancer-Preventive 22 ppmJim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive
Colorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Gastroprotective
Immunostimulant 180 mg/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Interferon-Synergist
Mucogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Phagocytotic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Prooxidant 20 ug/g
Thymoprotective Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
BETA-BISABOLENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (6)
Abortifacient
Antirhinoviral IC50=1,800?Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
Antiulcer IC57=100 mg/kgYamahara, J., et al. Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of... Yakugaku Zasshi 112: 645-655 (1992).
Antiviral IC50=1,800?Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Stomachic
ASTRAGALIN Leaf-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (7)
ACE-Inhibitor ID50=180 ug/ml rat (24 hr.)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC30=1 uM
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC62=10 uMShimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
Antileukemic
Expectorant
Hypotensive Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Immunostimulant
ASPARTIC-ACID Plant-- -- =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Activities (3)
Antimorphinic Martindale's 28th
Neuroexcitant Martindale's 28th
Roborant Merck 11th Edition
ASIATICOSIDE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (19)
Amebicide Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antibacterial Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiedemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antifertility Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antikeloid
Antilepric
Antituberculic
Antiulcer Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Carcinogenic
Cicatrizant
Dermagenic
Hypercholesterolemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hyperglycemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Mucogenic
Pesticide
Pilogenic
Protisticide Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Vulnerary 25 mg ims
ASIATICOSIDE Plant-- -- *
Activities (19)
Amebicide Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antibacterial Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiedemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antifertility Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antikeloid
Antilepric
Antituberculic
Antiulcer Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Carcinogenic
Cicatrizant
Dermagenic
Hypercholesterolemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hyperglycemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Mucogenic
Pesticide
Pilogenic
Protisticide Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Vulnerary 25 mg ims
ASIATICOSIDE Leaf700.0 1200.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (19)
Amebicide Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antibacterial Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiedemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antifertility Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antikeloid
Antilepric
Antituberculic
Antiulcer Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Carcinogenic
Cicatrizant
Dermagenic
Hypercholesterolemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hyperglycemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Mucogenic
Pesticide
Pilogenic
Protisticide Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Vulnerary 25 mg ims
ASIATIC-ACID Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
Collagenic
ASCORBIC-ACID Plant-- 138.0 -0.56 *
Activities (112)
Acidulant FEMA 6,000Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Analgesic 5-10 g/day
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
AntiAGE 2,000 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
AntiCFS 500-1,000 mg
AntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/day
AntiCrohn's 50-100 mg/day/orl/manMartindale's 29th
AntiLyme 500-2,000 mg
AntiRaynaud's 500 mg 1-2x/day
Antiaggregant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiaging 400 mg/day
Antiallergic
Antialzheimeran 2,000-6,000 mg/day
Antiarthritic 0.2-1 g/day
Antiasthmatic 1,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticataract 350 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Anticataract 1 g 3x/day
Anticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/day
Anticlimacteric 500-5,000 mg/day
Anticold 1-2 g/man/day
Antidecubitic 500 mg/man/2x/dayMartindale's 28th
Antidementia
Antidepressant 2,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidiabetic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidote (Aluminum) Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antidote (Cadmium) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Paraquat) Martindale's 28th
Antieczemic 3.5-5 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiedemic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiencephalitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiendometriotic 2,000 mg/day
Antifatigue 500-1,000 mg
Antifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mg
Antigallstone 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antigastritic
Antigingivitic
Antiglaucomic 2 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihangover 1,000 mg
Antihemorrhagic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatotoxic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiherpetic 1-5 g/day
Antihistaminic 2 g/day orl man
Antihypertensive
Antiinfertility 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinflammatory Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antilepric 1.5 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antimaculitic
Antimeasles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenopausal 500-5,000 mg/day
Antimigraine Martindale's 29th
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antineuramidase
Antinitrosic 1 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiobesity 1 g 3x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiorchitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/day
Antioxidant 100 ppm
Antiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/day
Antiparotitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipneumonic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antipodriac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipoliomyelitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipyretic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiradicular Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiretinotic
Antirheumatic
Antirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/day
Antiscorbutic 10 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic MIC=3.3-217 mg/mlMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic 4-8 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antishingles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antispasmodic 500-5,000 mg/day
Antistress 500-1,000 mg
Antisyndrome-X 1-4 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor (Gastric)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antiulcer
Antiviral 1-5 g/day
Apoptotic 1-10 mM
Asthma-preventive 1,000 mg/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1.5 g/day/man
Calcium-Antagonist
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Cold-preventive 1-2 g/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Collagenic
Detoxicant
Diuretic 700 mg/man/orl
Fistula-Preventive Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypoglycemic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotensive 1,000 mg/man/day
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Interferonogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Lithogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Mucolytic 1 g/woman/dayMartindale's 28th
Pesticide
Uricosuric 4 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Urinary-Acidulant Martindale's 29th
Vasodilator
Vulnerary Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
ASCORBIC-ACID Leaf40.0 374.0 -0.41 *
Activities (112)
Acidulant FEMA 6,000Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Analgesic 5-10 g/day
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
AntiAGE 2,000 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
AntiCFS 500-1,000 mg
AntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/day
AntiCrohn's 50-100 mg/day/orl/manMartindale's 29th
AntiLyme 500-2,000 mg
AntiRaynaud's 500 mg 1-2x/day
Antiaggregant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiaging 400 mg/day
Antiallergic
Antialzheimeran 2,000-6,000 mg/day
Antiarthritic 0.2-1 g/day
Antiasthmatic 1,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticataract 350 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Anticataract 1 g 3x/day
Anticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/day
Anticlimacteric 500-5,000 mg/day
Anticold 1-2 g/man/day
Antidecubitic 500 mg/man/2x/dayMartindale's 28th
Antidementia
Antidepressant 2,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidiabetic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidote (Aluminum) Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antidote (Cadmium) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Paraquat) Martindale's 28th
Antieczemic 3.5-5 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiedemic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiencephalitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiendometriotic 2,000 mg/day
Antifatigue 500-1,000 mg
Antifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mg
Antigallstone 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antigastritic
Antigingivitic
Antiglaucomic 2 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihangover 1,000 mg
Antihemorrhagic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatotoxic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiherpetic 1-5 g/day
Antihistaminic 2 g/day orl man
Antihypertensive
Antiinfertility 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinflammatory Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antilepric 1.5 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antimaculitic
Antimeasles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenopausal 500-5,000 mg/day
Antimigraine Martindale's 29th
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antineuramidase
Antinitrosic 1 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiobesity 1 g 3x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiorchitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/day
Antioxidant 100 ppm
Antiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/day
Antiparotitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipneumonic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antipodriac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipoliomyelitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipyretic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiradicular Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiretinotic
Antirheumatic
Antirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/day
Antiscorbutic 10 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic MIC=3.3-217 mg/mlMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic 4-8 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antishingles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antispasmodic 500-5,000 mg/day
Antistress 500-1,000 mg
Antisyndrome-X 1-4 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor (Gastric)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antiulcer
Antiviral 1-5 g/day
Apoptotic 1-10 mM
Asthma-preventive 1,000 mg/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1.5 g/day/man
Calcium-Antagonist
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Cold-preventive 1-2 g/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Collagenic
Detoxicant
Diuretic 700 mg/man/orl
Fistula-Preventive Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypoglycemic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotensive 1,000 mg/man/day
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Interferonogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Lithogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Mucolytic 1 g/woman/dayMartindale's 28th
Pesticide
Uricosuric 4 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Urinary-Acidulant Martindale's 29th
Vasodilator
Vulnerary Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
ALUMINUM Leaf220.0 2060.0 1.43 *
Activities (5)
Antisilicotic Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Antivaginitic Martindale's 28th
Candidicide Martindale's 28th
Encephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Pesticide
ALPHA-TERPINEOL Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (23)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allelopathic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antiacne
Antibacterial MIC=800-1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticancer Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticariogenic MIC=800-1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antiinflammatory
Antiproliferant
Antiseptic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Cicatrizant ED50=240 ug/g mus
FLavor FEMA 5-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insecticide 1.29 uM/fly
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
Mosquitofuge > Deet
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
Sedative Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Termiticide IC100=5 mg/g
Transdermal
Vulnerary ED50=240 ug/g mus
ALPHA-PINENE Essential Oil-- 2000.0 -0.54 Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (28)
Allelochemic
Allergenic
Antiacne
Antibacterial
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
Antipneumonic
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Coleoptophile
Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
Insectifuge 50 ppm
Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Spasmogenic
Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal
ALPHA-PINENE Plant-- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Activities (28)
Allelochemic
Allergenic
Antiacne
Antibacterial
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
Antipneumonic
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Coleoptophile
Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
Insectifuge 50 ppm
Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Spasmogenic
Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal
ALPHA-PINENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (28)
Allelochemic
Allergenic
Antiacne
Antibacterial
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
Antipneumonic
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Coleoptophile
Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
Insectifuge 50 ppm
Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Spasmogenic
Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal
ALPHA-HUMULENE Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (2)
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
2,3-DIHYDROBENZOFURAN Shoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Activities (1)
Prooxidant
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.