| (+)-CALAMUSENONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| (-)-BETA-CURCUMENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| (-)-TROPONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| 1,8-CINEOLE | Rhizome | -- |
100.0 |
-0.8 |
* |
| Activities (67) |
|---|
| (-)-Chronotropic 87 nl/ml | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| (-)-Inotropic 87 nl/ml | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Acaricide LC100=6 uM | |
| Allelopathic | |
| Allergenic | |
| Anesthetic | |
| Anthelmintic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=41 ug/ml | |
| Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Antibacterial 50 ppm | |
| Antibronchitic | |
| Anticariogenic | |
| Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
| Anticholinesterase IC50=50-70 | |
| Antifatigue | |
| Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Antilaryngitic | |
| Antinociceptive | |
| Antipharyngitic | |
| Antiplaque | |
| Antirheumatic | |
| Antirhinitic | |
| Antiseptic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antisinusitic | |
| Antispasmodic | |
| Antistaphylococcic 50 ppm | |
| Antitussive | |
| Antiulcer | |
| CNS-Stimulant | |
| Candidicide | |
| Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Choleretic | |
| Convulsant | |
| Counterirritant | Martindale's 29th |
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
| Decongestant | |
| Degranulant 0.3 ul/ml | |
| Dentifrice | Martindale's 29th |
| Edemagenic inj | |
| Expectorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 1-200 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | |
| Gastroprotective | |
| Gram(+)icide | |
| Gram(-)icide | |
| Hepatotonic | |
| Herbicide IC50=78 uM | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Hypotensive | |
| Inflammatory inj | |
| Insectifuge | |
| Irritant | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
| Myorelaxant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Nematicide | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Neurotoxic | |
| P450-Inducer | |
| Pediculicide 2.3 x pyrethrin | |
| Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
| Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
| Secretogogue | |
| Sedative | |
| Spasmogenic | |
| Surfactant | |
| Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
| Transdermal | |
| Trichomonicide LD100=1,000 ug/ml | |
|
| 2,4,5-TRIMETHOXYBENZALDEHYDE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| 2,4,5-TRIMETHOXYBENZALDEHYDE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| 2,5-DIMETHOXYBENZOQUINONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| 2,5-DIMETHOXYQUINONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| 2,6-DIEPISHYOBUNONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| ACETEUGENOL | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ACOLAMONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ACOLAMONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ACORADIN | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| ACORAGERMACRONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ACORAMONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| ACORENOL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| ACORENONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| ACORIC-ACID | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| Activities (9) |
|---|
| Antibacterial | |
| Anticonvulsant | |
| Antifeedant | |
| Antipyretic | |
| CNS-Depressant | |
| Fungicide | |
| Hallucinogen | |
| Hypotensive | |
| Pesticide | |
|
| ACORIN | Plant | -- |
2000.0 |
|
* |
| ACORINE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ACORONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ACOROXIDE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| ALPHA-ASARONE | Rhizome | 132.0 |
6500.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (3) |
|---|
| Antispasmodic | |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=76 uM | |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=87 uM gpg | |
|
| ALPHA-HUMULENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (2) |
|---|
| Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
| Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
| ALPHA-HUMULENE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (2) |
|---|
| Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
| Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
| ALPHA-PINENE | Rhizome | -- |
280.0 |
-1.31 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (28) |
|---|
| Allelochemic | |
| Allergenic | |
| Antiacne | |
| Antibacterial | |
| Antifeedant | |
| Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg | |
| Antipneumonic | |
| Antiseptic | |
| Antispasmodic | |
| Antistaphylococcic | |
| Antiviral | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Coleoptophile | |
| Expectorant | Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 15-150 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Herbicide IC50=30 uM | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly | |
| Insectifuge 50 ppm | |
| Insectiphile | J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. |
| Irritant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM | |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
| Sedative | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Spasmogenic | |
| Tranquilizer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Transdermal | |
|
| ALPHA-TERPINENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (13) |
|---|
| ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity) | |
| Acaricide | |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.0 mM | |
| Antinitrosaminic | |
| Antispasmodic | |
| FLavor FEMA 1-40 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Insecticide 0.86 uM/fly | |
| Insectifuge | |
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.76 uM | |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
| Spasmogenic | |
|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL | Rhizome | -- |
1500.0 |
1.34 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (23) |
|---|
| ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity) | |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Antiacne | |
| Antibacterial MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Anticancer | Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. |
| Anticariogenic MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Antiproliferant | |
| Antiseptic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Cicatrizant ED50=240 ug/g mus | |
| FLavor FEMA 5-40 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Insecticide 1.29 uM/fly | |
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
| Mosquitofuge > Deet | |
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
| Sedative | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Termiticide IC100=5 mg/g | |
| Transdermal | |
| Vulnerary ED50=240 ug/g mus | |
|
| ALPHA-YLANGENE | Rhizome | -- |
500.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| ANEURINE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
|
|
| AR-CURCUMENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (3) |
|---|
| Antirhinoviral IC50=1,750? | Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994. |
| Antiulcer IC45=100 mg/kg | Yamahara, J., et al. Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of... Yakugaku Zasshi 112: 645-655 (1992). |
| Antiviral IC50=1,750? | Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994. |
|
| ARISTOLENE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| ARSENIC | Rhizome | -- |
1.13 |
1.6 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (2) |
|---|
| Anorexic | Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications. |
| Pesticide | |
|
| ASARALDEHYDE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ASARONALDEHYDE | Rhizome | -- |
2830.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| ASARONE | Rhizome | 2100.0 |
48000.0 |
|
* |
| Activities (15) |
|---|
| Anticonvulsant | |
| Antielleptic | |
| Antipyretic | |
| Antispasmodic | |
| CNS-Depressant | |
| Cardiodepressant | |
| Emetic | |
| Fungicide | |
| Hypothalmic-Depressant | |
| Mutagenic | |
| Myorelaxant | |
| Pesticide | |
| Psychoactive | |
| Sedative | |
| Tranquilizer | |
|
| ASARYLALDEHYDE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (112) |
|---|
| Acidulant FEMA 6,000 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Analgesic 5-10 g/day | |
| Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker | |
| AntiAGE 2,000 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| AntiCFS 500-1,000 mg | |
| AntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/day | |
| AntiCrohn's 50-100 mg/day/orl/man | Martindale's 29th |
| AntiLyme 500-2,000 mg | |
| AntiRaynaud's 500 mg 1-2x/day | |
| Antiaggregant | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antiaging 400 mg/day | |
| Antiallergic | |
| Antialzheimeran 2,000-6,000 mg/day | |
| Antiarthritic 0.2-1 g/day | |
| Antiasthmatic 1,000 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiatherosclerotic | |
| Antibacterial | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Anticataract 350 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Anticataract 400 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Anticataract 1 g 3x/day | |
| Anticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/day | |
| Anticlimacteric 500-5,000 mg/day | |
| Anticold 1-2 g/man/day | |
| Antidecubitic 500 mg/man/2x/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Antidementia | |
| Antidepressant 2,000 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antidiabetic | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antidote (Aluminum) | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. |
| Antidote (Cadmium) | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidote (Lead) | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidote (Paraquat) | Martindale's 28th |
| Antieczemic 3.5-5 g/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiedemic 1 g/man/day | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiencephalitic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiendometriotic 2,000 mg/day | |
| Antifatigue 500-1,000 mg | |
| Antifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mg | |
| Antigallstone 1,000-3,000 mg/day | |
| Antigastritic | |
| Antigingivitic | |
| Antiglaucomic 2 g/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antihangover 1,000 mg | |
| Antihemorrhagic 1 g/man/day | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/day | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihepatotoxic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. |
| Antiherpetic 1-5 g/day | |
| Antihistaminic 2 g/day orl man | |
| Antihypertensive | |
| Antiinfertility 1 g/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiinflammatory | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antilepric 1.5 g/man/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Antilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/day | |
| Antimaculitic | |
| Antimeasles | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antimenopausal 500-5,000 mg/day | |
| Antimigraine | Martindale's 29th |
| Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
| Antineuramidase | |
| Antinitrosic 1 g/man/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiobesity 1 g 3x/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiorchitic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/day | |
| Antioxidant 100 ppm | |
| Antiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/day | |
| Antiparotitic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antipneumonic | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antipodriac | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antipoliomyelitic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antipyretic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189. |
| Antiradicular | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antiretinotic | |
| Antirheumatic | |
| Antirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/day | |
| Antiscorbutic 10 mg/man/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiseptic MIC=3.3-217 mg/ml | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiseptic 4-8 g/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antishingles | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antispasmodic 500-5,000 mg/day | |
| Antistress 500-1,000 mg | |
| Antisyndrome-X 1-4 g/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antitumor (Gastric) | |
| Antitumor (Lung) | |
| Antiulcer | |
| Antiviral 1-5 g/day | |
| Apoptotic 1-10 mM | |
| Asthma-preventive 1,000 mg/day/orl | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker | |
| Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1.5 g/day/man | |
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Cardioprotective | |
| Cold-preventive 1-2 g/day | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Collagenic | |
| Detoxicant | |
| Diuretic 700 mg/man/orl | |
| Fistula-Preventive | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/day | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Hypoglycemic | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Hypotensive 1,000 mg/man/day | |
| Immunomodulator | |
| Immunostimulant | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Interferonogenic | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Lithogenic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Mucolytic 1 g/woman/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Pesticide | |
| Uricosuric 4 g/man/day | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Urinary-Acidulant | Martindale's 29th |
| Vasodilator | |
| Vulnerary | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
|
| AZULENE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Activities (10) |
|---|
| Antiallergic | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
| Antibacterial 500 ppm | Valnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp. |
| Antihistaminic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Antiinflammatory | Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Antipyretic | HerbalGram No. 20, page 40. |
| Antiseptic 6-500 | Valnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp. |
| Antispasmodic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Antiulcer ED50=150 (orl) | |
| Hepatoregenerative | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Pesticide | |
|
| BETA-ASARONE | Rhizome | 2000.0 |
80000.0 |
|
* |
| Activities (18) |
|---|
| Algicide | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Anticoagulant | |
| Antispasmodic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=63 uM | |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=87 uM gpg | |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=63.1 uM gpg | |
| Carcinogenic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Cardiodepressant | |
| Genotoxic | |
| Hepatocarcinogenic | |
| Insecticide | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Insectiphile | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Juvabional | Merck 11th Edition |
| Larvicide 16 ppm | Hostettmann, K., Marston, A., Maillard, M. and Hamburger, M., eds.
1995. Phytochemistry of Plants Used in Traditional Medicine. (Proc. Phytochem. Soc. Eur. 37) Oxford Science Publications. New York. 408 pp. |
| Mutagenic | |
| Nervine | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
| Tranquilizer | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
|
| BETA-CURCUMENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| BETA-ELEMENE | Rhizome | 60.0 |
750.0 |
1.07 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (5) |
|---|
| Anticancer (Cervix) | Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. |
| Antigliomic | |
| Antiproliferant | |
| Antitumor (Cervix) | Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. |
| Apoptotic | |
|
| BETA-GURJUNENE | Rhizome | 20.0 |
1700.0 |
1.0 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| BETA-PINENE | Rhizome | -- |
150.0 |
1.12 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (13) |
|---|
| Allergenic | |
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Antiseptic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Antispasmodic | |
| Candidicide | |
| FLavor FEMA 15-600 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
| Spasmogenic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Transdermal | |
|
| BORNEOL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (35) |
|---|
| (-)-Chronotropic 29 ug/ml | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| (-)-Inotropic 29 ug/ml | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Allelochemic | |
| Analgesic | |
| Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Antibacterial MIC=125-250 ug/ml | |
| Antibronchitic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antiescherichic MIC=125 ug/ml | |
| Antifeedant | |
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Antiotitic | |
| Antipyretic | |
| Antisalmonella MIC=125 ug/ml | |
| Antispasmodic ED50=0.008 mg/ml | |
| Antistaphylococcic MIC=250 ug/ml | |
| Antiyeast MIC=250 ug/ml | |
| CNS-Stimulant | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Candidicide MIC=250 ug/ml | |
| Choleretic | |
| FLavor FEMA<1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | |
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Herbicide IC50=470 mM | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Herbicide IC50=470 uM | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Insect-Repellent | |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Irritant | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
| Myorelaxant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
| Sedative | Medline (post 1990 searches filed in my computer) |
| Tranquilizer | |
|
| BUTYRIC-ACID | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (6) |
|---|
| Anticancer | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antitumor | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Apoptotic | |
| Bruchifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Nematistat 880 ug/ml | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
|
| CADALO-1,4,9-TRIENE | Rhizome | 410.0 |
2050.0 |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| CALACOLENE | Rhizome | -- |
100.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CALACONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| CALAMENE | Rhizome | 40.0 |
1920.0 |
|
* |
| CALAMENENE | Rhizome | 10.0 |
4000.0 |
1.0 |
* |
| CALAMENOL | Rhizome | 500.0 |
5000.0 |
|
* |
| CALAMENONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| CALAMENONE | Rhizome | 100.0 |
500.0 |
|
* |
| CALAMEONE | Rhizome | -- |
280.0 |
|
Abstract (See species file) |
| CALAMOL | Rhizome | 320.0 |
3885.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CALAMONE | Rhizome | 100.0 |
1000.0 |
|
* |
| CALARENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| CALCIUM | Rhizome | -- |
7040.0 |
0.02 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (28) |
|---|
| AntiPMS 1 g/day | |
| Antiallergic 500 mg/day | |
| Antianxiety | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg | |
| Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day | |
| Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day | |
| Antidepressant | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidote (Aluminum) | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidote (Lead) | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihyperkinetic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihypertensive | |
| Antiinsomniac | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antimenopausal 1,000-1,500 mg/day | |
| Antiobesity | |
| Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day | |
| Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day | |
| Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day | |
| Antitic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Anxiolytic 500-1,500 mg/day | |
| Calcium-Channel-Blocker | |
| Diuretic | |
| Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Hypotensive 1 g/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg | |
| Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day | |
| Vasodilator | |
|
| CAMPHENE | Rhizome | 10.0 |
460.0 |
-1.0 |
* |
| Activities (9) |
|---|
| Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Antilithic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Expectorant | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| FLavor FEMA 15-175 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Hypocholesterolemic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Pesticide | |
| Spasmogenic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
|
| CAMPHOR | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952. |
| Activities (41) |
|---|
| Allelopathic | |
| Analgesic | |
| Anesthetic | |
| Antiacne | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Antidiarrheic 500 ug/ml | Wealth of India. |
| Antidysenteric 500 ug/ml | Wealth of India. |
| Antiemetic 100-200 mg man orl | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Antifeedant IC50=5,000 ppm diet | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Antifibrositic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antineuralgic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antipruritic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Antiseptic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Antispasmodic ED50=0.075 mg/ml | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
| CNS-Stimulant | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Carminative | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Convulsant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Cosmetic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Counterirritant | Martindale's 28th |
| Decongestant | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Deliriant | Merck 11th Edition |
| Ecbolic | |
| Emetic | |
| Epileptigenic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Expectorant | Martindale's 29th |
| Fungicide ED50=2.7 mM | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Herbicide IC50=3.3-180 mM | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Insect-Repellent | |
| Insectifuge | |
| Irritant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Occuloirritant | |
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=7.89 uM | |
| Pesticide | |
| Respirainhibitor | Merck 11th Edition |
| Respirastimulant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Rubefacient | |
| Stimulant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Transdermal | |
| Verrucolytic | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Vibriocide 500 ug/ml | Wealth of India. |
|
| CARYOPHYLLINE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CHOLINE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Activities (20) |
|---|
| Antialzheimeran 5-16 g/man/day | |
| Antichoreic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Anticirrhotic 6,000 mg/man/day | |
| Anticystinuric | |
| Antidementia | |
| Antidiabetic | |
| Antidyskinetic 150-200 mg/kg/man/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Antihomocysteine | |
| Antimanic 15-30 g/man/day/orl | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antinociceptive | |
| Antisteatotic | |
| Cardiodepressant | |
| Cerebrotonic | |
| Cholinergic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Hypotensive | |
| Ileorelaxant | |
| Lipotropic | |
| Memorigenic | |
| Parasympathomimetic (1/1,000th acetylcholine) | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
|
| CHOLINE | Root | -- |
2600.0 |
-0.11 |
* |
| Activities (20) |
|---|
| Antialzheimeran 5-16 g/man/day | |
| Antichoreic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Anticirrhotic 6,000 mg/man/day | |
| Anticystinuric | |
| Antidementia | |
| Antidiabetic | |
| Antidyskinetic 150-200 mg/kg/man/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Antihomocysteine | |
| Antimanic 15-30 g/man/day/orl | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antinociceptive | |
| Antisteatotic | |
| Cardiodepressant | |
| Cerebrotonic | |
| Cholinergic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Hypotensive | |
| Ileorelaxant | |
| Lipotropic | |
| Memorigenic | |
| Parasympathomimetic (1/1,000th acetylcholine) | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
|
| CIS-ISOASARONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Activities (5) |
|---|
| Carcinogenic | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
| Mutagenic | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
| Nervine | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
| Tranquilizer | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
|
| CIS-ISOELEMICIN | Rhizome | -- |
50.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| COPPER | Rhizome | -- |
4.0 |
-1.46 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (12) |
|---|
| Antianemic | |
| Antiarthritic | |
| Antidiabetic 2-4 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antifatigue | |
| Antiinflammatory | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antinociceptive | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiosteoporotic | |
| Cardioprotective | |
| Contraceptive | Martindale's 28th |
| Hypocholesterolemic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Immunomodulator | |
| Schizophrenigenic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
|
| CRYPTOACORONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| DELTA-CADINENE | Rhizome | 5.0 |
1050.0 |
1.41 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (9) |
|---|
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | |
| Antiacne | |
| Antibacterial MIC800 ug/ml | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Anticariogenic MIC800 ug/ml | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Antistreptococcic | |
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
| P450-Inducer | |
| Pesticide | |
| Testosterone-Inducer | |
|
| DELTA-CARENE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| DELTA-CARENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| DELTA-GUAZULENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| DEXTRIN | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| DEXTROSE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| Activities (1) |
|---|
| Sweetener 0.74 x sucrose | Martindale's 28th |
|
| DIMETHYL-AMINE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Activities (2) |
|---|
| Coleoptophile | Merck 11th Edition |
| Pesticide | |
|
| ELEMICIN | Rhizome | 10.0 |
650.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (16) |
|---|
| Antiaggregant IC50=360 uM | Janssens, J., Laekeman, G.M., Pieters, L.A.C., Totte, J., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. 1990. Nutmeg Oil: Identification and Quantitation of its Most Active Constituents as Inhibitors of Platelet Aggregation. J.of Ethnopharmacology, 29: 179-188, 1990. |
| Antidepressant ihl | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Antihistaminic | |
| Antiserotonic | Internat. J. Oriental Med. 15(4): 199, 1990+ |
| Antistress ihl | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| DNA-Binder | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Fungicide MIC=8 ug | |
| Hallucinogenic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Hypotensive ihl | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Insecticide 100 ppm | |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Larvicide 100 ppm | |
| Neurotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Pesticide | |
| Schistosomicide | Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp. |
|
| ENANTHYLIC-ACID | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| EO | Rhizome | 10000.0 |
100000.0 |
0.8 |
* |
| EO | Shoot | -- |
1200.0 |
-0.84 |
* |
| EO | Leaf | -- |
2000.0 |
-0.84 |
* |
| EPISHYOBUNONE | Rhizome | 402.0 |
2010.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| EPOXYISOACORAGERMACRONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| ETHANOL | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (24) |
|---|
| Allergenic | |
| Anesthetic 4,000 orl cat | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
| Anesthetic 6,000 orl rat | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
| Anhydrotic | Martindale's 29th |
| Antiatherosclerotic | |
| Antibacterial | Martindale's 28th |
| Antipruritic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiseptic | Merck 11th Edition |
| CNS-Depressant | Martindale's 28th |
| Expectorant | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
| Hepatotoxic | Martindale's 29th |
| Hypertensive >1 drink/day | |
| Hypnotic Antidote=Naloxone | Martindale's 29th |
| Hypocalcemic 4,000 orl rat | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
| Hypotensive 1 drink/day | |
| Mucotropic | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
| Neurolytic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Pesticide | |
| Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
| Sclerosant | Martindale's 29th |
| Surfactant | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
| Teratogenic 6,000 orl dog | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
| Tremorilytic | Martindale's 28th |
| Ulcerogenic 5 ml/kg (50%) orl rat | |
|
| EUGENOL | Rhizome | 30.0 |
300.0 |
-0.72 |
* |
| Activities (76) |
|---|
| Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm | |
| Allergenic | |
| Analgesic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Anesthetic 200-400 | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| AntiTNF | |
| Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uM | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Antiarachidonate | |
| Antibacterial 500 ppm | Valnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp. |
| Antibacterial MBC=400 ug/ml | |
| Anticonvulsant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antiedemic 100 | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95. |
| Antiestrogenic | |
| Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus | |
| Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml | |
| Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM | |
| Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml | |
| Antimitotic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
| Antinitrosating | |
| Antioxidant IC65=30 ppm | |
| Antioxidant 10 uM | |
| Antiprostaglandin 11 uM | |
| Antiprostaglandin IC50=9.2 mM | |
| Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day | |
| Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l | |
| Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml | |
| Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day | |
| Antiseptic 400 ug/ml | |
| Antispasmodic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Antistaphylococcic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Antithromboxane | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87. |
| Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
| Antiulcer | |
| Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml | |
| Apifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| CNS-Depressant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM | |
| COX-2-Inhibitor IC>97=1,000 uM | |
| COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM | |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=224 uM | |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Candidicide | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Carcinogenic? | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Carminative | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Choleretic | |
| Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. |
| Cytotoxic 25 ug/ml | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Dermatitigenic | |
| Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
| FLavor FEMA 10-500 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | |
| Hepatoprotective 100 ppm | |
| Herbicide | |
| Insecticide | |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Irritant | |
| Juvabional | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Larvicide | |
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Neurotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
| Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbt | Chen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633. |
| Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=9.2 uM | |
| Sedative | |
| Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g | |
| Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml | |
| Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/ml | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Trypsin-Enhancer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93. |
| Ulcerogenic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Varroacide | |
| Vasodilator | |
| Vermifuge | |
|
| EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Activities (5) |
|---|
| CNS-Depressant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| DNA-Binder | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Hypothermic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Myorelaxant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
| FURFURAL | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (6) |
|---|
| Antiseptic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 1-30 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | |
| Insecticide | |
| Irritant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Pesticide | |
|
| GALANGIN | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Activities (13) |
|---|
| Antiinflammatory IC50=5.5 uM | |
| Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
| Antioxidant | |
| Antiperoxidant IC50=39 uM | Planta Medica, 57: A110, 1991. |
| Antiviral | Amoros, M., Simoes, C.M.O., Girre, L., et al. Synergistic Effect Of Flavones And Flavonols Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 In Cell Culture. Comparison With The Antiviral Activity Of Propolis. J. of Natural Products 55(12):1732-1740, 1992. |
| Aromatase-Inhibitor IC20=1 uM/l | Journal of Medicinal Food 2: 235.1999. |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM) =7 | |
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=5.5 uM | |
| Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM)=20 | |
| Mutagenic | |
| Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 4 uM | Uda, Y., Price, K. R., Williamson, G., Rhodes, M. J. C. 1997. Induction of the Anticarcinogenic Marker Enzyme, Quinone Reductase, in Murine Hepatoma Cells In Vitro by Flavonoids. Cancer Lett., 120 (2): 213-216. |
| Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor | Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health, 14: 223-237. |
|
| GAMMA-ASARONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (1) |
|---|
| Antispasmodic | |
|
| GAMMA-TERPINENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (11) |
|---|
| ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity) | |
| Acaricide | |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC23=1.2 mM | |
| Antifeedant | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| FLavor FEMA 1-40 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Insectifuge | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
|
| GUAIENE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| IRON | Rhizome | -- |
350.0 |
-0.03 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (6) |
|---|
| Antiakathisic | Martindale's 29th |
| Antianemic | Martindale's 29th |
| Anticanker | |
| Anticheilitic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orl | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Prooxidant | |
|
| ISOACOLAMONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ISOACORONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| ISOCAESPITOL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| ISOCALAMINEDIOL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| ISOCALAMUSENONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| ISOEUGENOL | Rhizome | 228.0 |
12510.0 |
|
* |
| Activities (16) |
|---|
| Allergenic | |
| AntiTNF | |
| Antiaggregant IC50=0.72 uM | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Antioxidant IC79=30 ppm | |
| Antitumor | |
| Bacteristat | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Candidistat | |
| Cytotoxic 25 ug/ml | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Fungistat 100 ug/ml | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Motor-Stimulant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Pesticide | |
| Sedative | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/ml | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
| ISOSHYOBUNONE | Rhizome | 134.0 |
670.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| LIMONENE | Rhizome | 10.0 |
1400.0 |
1.28 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (60) |
|---|
| AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
| Acaricide LC100=8 uM | |
| Allelochemic | |
| Allergenic 1/20th carene | |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM | |
| Antiadenomic | |
| Antialzheimeran? | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
| Antiasthmatic | |
| Antibacterial | Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994. |
| Anticancer | |
| Antiesophagitic | |
| Antifeedant | |
| Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Antilithic | |
| Antilymphomic | |
| Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
| Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
| Antiobesity | |
| Antiseptic | |
| Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/ml | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
| Antitumor | |
| Antitumor (Breast) | |
| Antitumor (Colon) | |
| Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
| Antitumor (Prostate) | |
| Antitumor (Stomach) | |
| Antiviral | |
| Apoptotic | |
| Bronchoprotectant | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Candidistat | |
| Chemopreventive | |
| Cholesterolytic | |
| Detoxicant | |
| Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
| Expectorant | |
| FLavor | |
| Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
| Fungistat | |
| GST-Inducer | |
| Herbicide IC50=45 uM | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Histaminic | |
| Immunomodulator | |
| Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly | |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
| Irritant | |
| Lipolytic | |
| Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg | |
| NO-Genic | |
| Nematicide IC=100 ug/ml | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet) | |
| Ozone-Scavenger | |
| P450-Inducer | |
| Peristaltic | |
| Pesticide | |
| Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
| Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kg | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Transdermal | |
|
| LINALOL | Rhizome | 30.0 |
6000.0 |
1.0 |
* |
| LINALOOL | Rhizome | 30.0 |
6000.0 |
1.0 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (53) |
|---|
| Acaricide C90=<15 ul/l (=<15 ppm | |
| Allergenic | |
| Analgesic | |
| Anesthetic 0.01-1 ug/ml | |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
| Antiallergic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Antianaphylactic | |
| Antibacterial MIC=1,600 ug/ml | |
| Anticariogenic MIC=1,600 ug/ml | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Anticolic | |
| Anticonvulsant 200 mg/kg ipr mus | |
| Antiedemic | |
| Antiglutamaergic | |
| Antihistaminic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Antileukemic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/ml | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Antilymphomic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/ml | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Antimange | |
| Antimite | |
| Antimutagenic | |
| Antiseptic 5 x phenol | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Antishock | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Antispasmodic | Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms (Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990. |
| Antiviral | |
| Barbituate-Synergist | |
| Bronchorelaxant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| CNS-Depressant | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Candidistat | |
| Carminative | |
| Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l | |
| Cytotoxic | |
| Expectorant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 2-40 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | Acta Botanica Sinica, 32: 49. |
| GABA-nergic | |
| Hypnotic | |
| Hypothermic | |
| Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l | |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l | |
| Mosquitofuge > Deet | |
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Perfumery | Merck 11th Edition |
| Pesticide | |
| Prooxidant | Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp. |
| Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kg | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Sedative 200 mg/kg ipr mus (1% as active as diazepam) | |
| Termitifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml | |
| Tumor-Promoter | |
|
| LUTEOLIN-6,8-C-DIGLUCOSIDE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| MAGNESIUM | Rhizome | -- |
1100.0 |
-0.56 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (65) |
|---|
| AntiCFS | |
| AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg | |
| AntiMS | |
| AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl | |
| AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl | |
| AntiRaynaud's 280-350 mg/day | |
| Antiaggregant 400 mg/day | |
| Antialcoholic | |
| Antianginal 400 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antianorectic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antianxiety 400 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiarrhythmic 400 mg/day | |
| Antiarthritic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiasthmatic | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antiatherosclerotic 400 mg/day | |
| Anticephalagic | |
| Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day | |
| Anticonvulsant | Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp. |
| Anticoronary 400 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antidepressant | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day | |
| Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day | |
| Antienterotic | |
| Antiepileptic 450 mg/day | |
| Antifatigue | |
| Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day | |
| Antigastrotic | |
| Antiglaucomic | |
| Antihyperkinetic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihypertensive | |
| Antihypoglycemic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiinsomniac | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antilithic | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antimastalgic | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day | |
| Antimigraine 200 mg/day/man | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antimitral-valve-prolapse | |
| Antinephrolytic | |
| Antineurotic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl | |
| Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day | |
| Antiretinopathic 400 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antispasmodic | |
| Antispasmophilic 500 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antistress 500-750 mg/day | |
| Antistroke 400 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day | |
| CNS-Depressant | Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp. |
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Cardioprotective | |
| Diuretic | |
| Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day | |
| Immunomodulator | |
| Insulinogenic 400 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Laxative 300-500 mg/day | |
| Litholytic | |
| Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Neurotransmitter | |
| Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day | |
| Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Vasodilator | |
|
| MANGANESE | Rhizome | -- |
309.0 |
1.22 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (14) |
|---|
| AntiPMS | |
| Antialcoholic | Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications. |
| Antianemic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiarthritic | |
| Antidiabetic 3-5 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day | |
| Antidiscotic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidyskinetic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiepileptic 450 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiosteoporotic | |
| Antiototic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antioxidant | |
| Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Hypoglycemic 10-30 mg/man/day | |
|
| MENTHOL | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Activities (63) |
|---|
| Allergenic | Martindale's 29th |
| Analgesic | Martindale's 28th |
| Anesthetic 2,000 ppm | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=2.0 mM | |
| Antiaggregant IC50=750 | |
| Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Antiasthmatic | Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill
Livinston, Edinburgh. |
| Antibacillus MIC=1.25 mg/ml | |
| Antibacterial MIC=0.625-2.5 | |
| Antibronchitic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antidandruff | A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp. |
| Antiescherichic MIC=1.25 mg/ml | |
| Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
| Antihistaminic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Antiinflammatory | Martindale's 28th |
| Antilisteria MIC=0.625 mg/ml | |
| Antineuralgic | |
| Antiodontalgic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antipruritic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Antipyretic | |
| Antirheumatic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antisalmonella MIC=0.625 mg/ml | |
| Antiseptic 4 x phenol | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Antisinusitic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antispasmodic ED50=0.01 mg/ml | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
| Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625 mg/ml | |
| Antistreptococcic MIC=0.4 mg/ml | |
| Antitartar | |
| Antivaginitic | |
| Antivulvitic | |
| Bradycardic 65 mg/3 x day/woman | Martindale's 28th |
| Bronchomucolytic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
| Bronchomucotropic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Bronchorrheic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
| CNS-Depressant | |
| CNS-Stimulant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Candidicide MIC=0.625 mg/ml | |
| Carminative | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Choleretic | |
| Ciliotoxic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Congestant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Convulsant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Counterirritant | |
| Decongestant? 11 mg/man | Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990. |
| Dermatitigenic | |
| Diaphoretic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
| Expectorant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Gastrosedative | Merck 11th Edition |
| Irritant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Myorelaxant | Martindale's 29th |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Neurodepressant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Neuropathogenic 40-100 mg/day/rat | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Nociceptive | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Perfumery | Merck 11th Edition |
| Pesticide | |
| Refrigerant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Rubefacient | |
| Termiticide | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Transdermal | |
| Vibriocide | |
|
| MENTHONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Activities (30) |
|---|
| Acaricide | |
| Allelopathic | |
| Analgesic | |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.4 mM | |
| Antiaggregant IC50=750 | |
| Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Antibacillary MIC=1.25 mg/ml | |
| Antibacterial MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml | |
| Antiescherichic MIC=5 mg/ml | |
| Antihistaminic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Antilisteria MIC=1.25 mg/ml | |
| Antisalmonella MIC=5 mg/ml | |
| Antiseptic 2.25 x phenol | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Antispasmodic ED50=0.044 mg/ml | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
| Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Candidicide MIC=2.5 mg/ml | |
| Cerebrotoxic orl man | J. Aromatherapy 4: 24. |
| Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l | |
| FLavor FEMA 5-50 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | |
| Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l | |
| Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l | |
| Mutagenic | |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
| Psychoactive | |
| Sedative | Ortiz de Urbina, A.V., Martin*, M.L., Montero, M.J., Moran, A., and San Roman, L. 1988. Sedating and Antipyretic Activity of the Essential Oil of Calamintha sylvatica subsp. Ascendens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 25: 165-171, 1989. |
| Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml | |
|
| METHYL-AMINE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
|
|
| METHYL-CHAVICOL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (6) |
|---|
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=258 uM | |
| DNA-Binder | |
| Hepatocarcinogenic | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Hypothermic | |
| Insecticide | |
| Pesticide | |
|
| METHYL-EUGENOL | Rhizome | -- |
1025.0 |
1.0 |
* |
| Activities (20) |
|---|
| Anesthetic | |
| Antibacterial | Internat. J. Oriental Med. 15(4): 199, 1990+ |
| Anticonvulsant | |
| Antidote (Strychnine) | |
| Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Antioxidant EC50=100 ul/l | |
| Antiradicular EC50=100 ul/l | |
| Antiseptic | |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Carcinogenic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| FLavor FEMA 5-15 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | |
| Fungistat 100 ug/ml | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Myorelaxant | Fitoterapia No.61: 254, 1990. |
| Narcotic | |
| Nematicide MIC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
| Sedative | |
|
| METHYL-ISOEUGENOL | Rhizome | 110.0 |
3950.0 |
|
* |
| Activities (15) |
|---|
| Anesthetic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antiaggregant IC50=56 ug/mL | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Antibacterial | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antihistaminic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antispasmodic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Candidicide | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Expectorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 5-100 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Herbicide | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Insect-attractant | |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
| Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
| MUCILAGE | Plant | -- |
8000.0 |
-1.47 |
* |
| Activities (3) |
|---|
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Demulcent | |
| Hypocholesterolemic | |
|
| MYRCENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (22) |
|---|
| ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml | |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Allergenic | |
| Analgesic | Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991. |
| Antibacterial | |
| Anticonvulsant | |
| Antimutagenic | Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991. |
| Antinitrosaminic | |
| Antinociceptive 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus | Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990. |
| Antinociceptive 20-40 mg/kg scu mus | Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990. |
| Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Antispasmodic | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemopreventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 0.5-9 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Hypothermic | |
| Insectifuge | |
| Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Myorelaxant 100-200 mg/kg | |
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.14 uM | |
| Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
|
| N-HEPTYLIC-ACID | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| OCIMENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (2) |
|---|
| Insecticide | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
|
| OXALIC-ACID | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (9) |
|---|
| Acaricide | |
| Antiseptic | |
| CNS-Paralytic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Fatal | Martindale's 29th |
| Hemostatic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Irritant | |
| Pesticide | |
| Renotoxic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Varroacide | |
|
| P-CYMENE | Rhizome | -- |
50.0 |
-0.49 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (16) |
|---|
| Analgesic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC40=1.2 mM | |
| Antibacillary | |
| Antibacterial | |
| Antiflu | |
| Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiviral | |
| FLavor FEMA 12-250 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Herbicide IC50=50 uM | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Insectifuge | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Pesticide | |
| Sedative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Trichomonicide LD100=50 ug/ml | |
|
| P-METHOXYCINNAMALDEHYDE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Wolf, R.B. Effects Of p-Methoxycinnamaldehyde From Star Anise And Related Cinnamic Acid Derivatives On Velvetleaf Germination. Journal of Natural Products, 49(1): 156-158, 1986. |
| Activities (2) |
|---|
| Herbicide 5 mM | |
| Pesticide | |
|
| PALMITIC-ACID | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (13) |
|---|
| 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor | |
| Antialopecic | |
| Antiandrogenic | |
| Antifibrinolytic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53. |
| Antioxidant IC40=60 | |
| FLavor FEMA 1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Hemolytic | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Hypercholesterolemic | Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.) |
| Lubricant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Nematicide | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
| Propecic | |
| Soap | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
| PALMITIC-ACID | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (13) |
|---|
| 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor | |
| Antialopecic | |
| Antiandrogenic | |
| Antifibrinolytic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53. |
| Antioxidant IC40=60 | |
| FLavor FEMA 1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Hemolytic | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Hypercholesterolemic | Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.) |
| Lubricant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Nematicide | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Pesticide | |
| Propecic | |
| Soap | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
| PARASARONE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| PHENOL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (26) |
|---|
| Analgesic | Martindale's 29th |
| Anesthetic | |
| AntiMS | Martindale's 29th |
| Antibacterial | |
| Antihemorrhoidal | Martindale's 28th |
| Antihydrocoele | Martindale's 29th |
| Antiincontinence | Martindale's 29th |
| Antionychogryphotic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiotitic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Antiprostatitic | Martindale's 29th |
| Antipyruvetic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antiseptic | |
| Antisinusitic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antispastic | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiviral | Martindale's 29th |
| Antiwrinkle | Martindale's 28th |
| CNS-Depressant | Martindale's 29th |
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Carcinogenic | |
| Emetic | Martindale's 29th |
| Fungicide | Martindale's 29th |
| Hemolytic 5,400 ppm | Martindale's 28th |
| Pesticide | |
| Rodenticide LD50=1,040 cut rat | |
| Vasodilator | |
|
| PHENYLPROPANES | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| POTASSIUM | Rhizome | -- |
16000.0 |
0.34 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (14) |
|---|
| Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker | |
| Antiarrhythmic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidepressant | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antifatigue | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihypertensive | |
| Antispasmodic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antistroke | |
| Anxiolytic | |
| Beta-Blocker | |
| Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg | |
| Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day | |
| Diuretic | |
| Hypotensive | |
| Vasodilator | |
|
| PREISOCALAMENDIOL | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| RESIN | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| RESIN | Rhizome | -- |
25000.0 |
-1.38 |
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| SABINENE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Activities (5) |
|---|
| Antibacterial | |
| Antihelicobacter | |
| Antiseptic | |
| Antiulcer | |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
|
| SAPONIN | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| SEKISHONE | Rhizome | -- |
650.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| SELINA-3,7(11)-DIENE | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| SELINENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Activities (1) |
|---|
| Expectorant | |
|
| SHYOBUNONE | Rhizome | -- |
1850.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| SITOSTEROL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| SITOSTEROL | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| SODIUM | Rhizome | -- |
459.0 |
-0.1 |
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (1) |
|---|
| Hypertensive | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
|
| STARCH | Rhizome | 250000.0 |
400000.0 |
-0.22 |
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Activities (5) |
|---|
| Absorbent | Martindale's 29th |
| Antidote (Iodine) | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Antinesidioblastosic | Martindale's 29th |
| Emollient | Martindale's 29th |
| Poultice | Martindale's 29th |
|
| TANNIN | Rhizome | -- |
15000.0 |
|
* |
| Activities (35) |
|---|
| Anthelmintic | |
| AntiHIV | |
| Antibacterial | |
| Anticancer | |
| Anticariogenic | |
| Antidiarrheic | |
| Antidysenteric | |
| Antihepatotoxic | |
| Antihypertensive | |
| Antilipolytic | |
| Antimutagenic | |
| Antinephritic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Antiophidic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. |
| Antioxidant IC50=1.44 ug/ml | |
| Antioxidant 1/3 quercetin | |
| Antiradicular 500 mg/kg/day orl mus | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Antiradicular 1/3 quercetin | |
| Antirenitic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Antitumor | |
| Antitumor-Promoter | |
| Antiulcer | |
| Antiviral | |
| Cancer-Preventive | HerbalGram No. 22 - Spring 1990, page 14. |
| Carcinogenic | |
| Chelator | |
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
| Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor | |
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Immunosuppressant | |
| Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | |
| MAO-Inhibitor | |
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
| Pesticide | |
| Psychotropic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor | |
|
| TANNIN | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (35) |
|---|
| Anthelmintic | |
| AntiHIV | |
| Antibacterial | |
| Anticancer | |
| Anticariogenic | |
| Antidiarrheic | |
| Antidysenteric | |
| Antihepatotoxic | |
| Antihypertensive | |
| Antilipolytic | |
| Antimutagenic | |
| Antinephritic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Antiophidic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. |
| Antioxidant IC50=1.44 ug/ml | |
| Antioxidant 1/3 quercetin | |
| Antiradicular 500 mg/kg/day orl mus | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Antiradicular 1/3 quercetin | |
| Antirenitic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Antitumor | |
| Antitumor-Promoter | |
| Antiulcer | |
| Antiviral | |
| Cancer-Preventive | HerbalGram No. 22 - Spring 1990, page 14. |
| Carcinogenic | |
| Chelator | |
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
| Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor | |
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Immunosuppressant | |
| Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | |
| MAO-Inhibitor | |
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
| Pesticide | |
| Psychotropic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
| Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor | |
|
| TERPINEN-4-OL | Rhizome | 10.0 |
500.0 |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Activities (23) |
|---|
| Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Antiacetylcholinesterase IC21-24=1.2 mM | |
| Antiacne | |
| Antiallergic | |
| Antiasthmatic | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis., 4:203, 1982. |
| Antibacterial | |
| Antioxidant | |
| Antiseptic | Flav. & Frag. J. 9: 129. |
| Antispasmodic | |
| Antitussive | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis. |
| Antiulcer | |
| Bacteriostatic | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis. |
| Diuretic 0.1 ml/rat | |
| Fungicide | |
| Herbicide IC50=200 mM | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Herbicide IC50=22 uM | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Insectifuge | |
| Irritant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Pesticide | |
| Renoirritant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Spermicide ED100=0.015 | |
| Vulnerary | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-91. |
|
| TERPINIC-ALCOHOL | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| TERPINOLENE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Activities (9) |
|---|
| Allelochemic | |
| Antifeedant | |
| Antinitrosaminic | |
| Antioxidant | |
| Deodorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 15-60 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
|
| TERPINOLENE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Activities (9) |
|---|
| Allelochemic | |
| Antifeedant | |
| Antinitrosaminic | |
| Antioxidant | |
| Deodorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| FLavor FEMA 15-60 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Fungicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | |
|
| TRANS-ANETHOLE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Activities (8) |
|---|
| Analgesic 10-100 ug/ml | |
| Anesthetic 10-100 ug/ml | |
| Antigenotoxic 40-400 mg/kg orl mus | |
| Antioxidant | |
| Antiradicular | |
| Calcium-Antagonist IC50=75.2 uM gpg (weak activity) | |
| FLavor FEMA 1,250-3,150 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Sweetener 13 x sucrose | |
|
| TRANS-ISOELEMICINE | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| TRANS-ISOEUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| TRIMETHYLAMINE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Activities (1) |
|---|
| Antioxidant | |
|
| TROPONE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| ZINC | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272. |
| Activities (77) |
|---|
| ACE-Inhibitor | |
| Analgesic | |
| AntiBPH 25-60 mg/day | |
| AntiCrohn's | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| AntiHIV | |
| Antiacne 135 mg/day | |
| Antiacrodermatitic 8-34 mg/day/orl/chd | Martindale's 29th |
| Antialcoholic | |
| Antialopecic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antialzheimeran 50 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiangiogenic | |
| Antianorexic | Martindale's 29th |
| Antiarthritic 50 mg/3x/day/orl/man | |
| Anticanker 100 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Anticataract 30 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Anticoeliac | Martindale's 28th |
| Anticold 50 mg | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Anticolitic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Anticoronary 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antidandruff | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antidementia | |
| Antidiabetic 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antidote (Cadmium) | Let's Live, May 1989. |
| Antidysgeuzic | |
| Antieczemic 150 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiencephalopathic | Martindale's 29th |
| Antiepileptic 100 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antifibrotic 30 mg | |
| Antifuruncular 45 mg/3x/day/man | Martindale's 28th |
| Antihangover 15 mg | |
| Antiherpetic? 25-60 mg/day | |
| Antiimpotence | Martindale's 29th |
| Antiinfective 50 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiinfertility 60 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiinsomniac | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antilepric | Martindale's 29th |
| Antileukonychic | |
| Antilymphomic | |
| Antimaculitic | |
| Antimetastatic | |
| Antineuropathic | |
| Antinyctalopic | |
| Antiobesity 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antiosteoporotic | |
| Antiperiodontitic | |
| Antiplaque | Martindale's 29th |
| Antiprolactin | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antiprostatitic 50 mg/man/day/orl | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Antirheumatic | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiseptic 50 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antispare-Tire 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antistomatitic 50 mg/man/3x/day | Martindale's 28th |
| Antisyndrome-X 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antitinnitic 60-120 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antitriglyceride 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Antiulcer 50 mg/3x/day/man | Martindale's 28th |
| Antiulcer 88 mg/rat/day/15 days | |
| Antiviral? | Martindale's 29th |
| Astringent | Martindale's 28th |
| Collagenic | |
| Copper-Antagonist | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Deodorant | Martindale's 29th |
| Detoxicant (Alcohol) | |
| Ergogenic | |
| Hypotensive 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Immunomodulator | |
| Immunostimulant | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Immunosuppressant 300 mg/day/6 wks/orl/man | Martindale's 29th |
| Insulinogenic 30 mg/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Leptingenic 30-60 mg/man/day | Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95 |
| Mucogenic | Li, K.M. Effect of zinc sulphate on acetic acid-induced gastric ulceration in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 657-659, 1990. |
| NF-kB-Inhibitor | |
| Pesticide | |
| Spermigenic 60 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Testosteronigenic 60 mg/day | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Trichomonicide | Martindale's 29th |
| Vulnerary | Martindale's 28th |
|