(-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (1) |
BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
(-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (1) |
BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
Abortifacient | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Acaricide | |
Chemicals (1) |
LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
|
ACE-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
|
AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
|
Allelochemic | |
|
Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Allergenic | |
Chemicals (2) |
GERANIOL |
LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
|
Androgenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Anesthetic | |
Chemicals (1) |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Angiogenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Anorexic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Anthelmintic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
Chemicals (1) |
LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
|
Antiacne | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Antiadenocarcinoma | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Antiadenomic | |
Chemicals (2) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antiaggregant | Janssens, J., Laekeman, G.M., Pieters, L.A.C., Totte, J., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. 1990. Nutmeg Oil: Identification and Quantitation of its Most Active Constituents as Inhibitors of Platelet Aggregation. J.of Ethnopharmacology, 29: 179-188, 1990. |
Chemicals (2) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
ELEMICIN IC50=360 uM |
|
Antialzheimeran? | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
Antiandrogenic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antiasthmatic | |
|
Antibacterial | |
Chemicals (7) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Anticancer | Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
LIMONENE |
|
Anticancer (Breast) | Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Anticancer (Cervix) | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Anticancer (Lung) | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Anticancer (Pancreas) | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
|
Anticarcinomic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID 4 ppm |
|
Anticariogenic | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
|
Anticonvulsant | |
Chemicals (1) |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Antidepressant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
Chemicals (1) |
ELEMICIN ihl |
|
Antidote (Strychnine) | |
Chemicals (1) |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Antiedemic | |
Chemicals (2) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
BETA-SITOSTEROL IC54=320 mg/kg orl |
|
Antieicosanoid | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Antiesophagitic | |
|
Antiestrogenic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
Chemicals (5) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
ELEMICIN |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Antifertility | |
Chemicals (2) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
|
Antigonadotrophic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antiherpetic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Antihistaminic | |
|
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antiimplantation | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID 3-4 mg/kg orl |
|
Antiinflammatory | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antileukemic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antilithic | |
|
Antilymphomic | |
Chemicals (2) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antimelanomic | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERANIOL IC50=150 uM/l |
|
Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
Chemicals (2) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL 250 ug/ml |
LIMONENE |
|
Antineoplastic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Antiobesity | |
|
Antiophidic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL 2.3 mg mus |
|
Antioxidant | |
Chemicals (2) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL IC44=10 uM |
METHYL-EUGENOL EC50=100 ul/l |
|
Antiprogestational | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antiproliferant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Antiprostaglandin | |
Chemicals (2) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
BETA-SITOSTEROL 30 mg/day/12 wks |
|
Antiprostatadenomic | Merck 11th Edition |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antiprostatitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man |
|
Antipyretic | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antiradicular | |
Chemicals (1) |
METHYL-EUGENOL EC50=100 ul/l |
|
Antisalmonella | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
|
Antiseptic | |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
GERANIOL 7 x phenol |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Antiserotonic | Internat. J. Oriental Med. 15(4): 199, 1990+ |
|
Antispasmodic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
Chemicals (3) |
BORNYL-ACETATE ED50=0.09 mg/ml |
GERANIOL |
LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
|
Antistress | Jim Duke's personal files. |
Chemicals (1) |
ELEMICIN ihl |
|
Antithrombic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Antitonsilitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Antitubercular | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
Antitumor | |
Chemicals (3) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
GERANIOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antitumor (Breast) | |
Chemicals (2) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antitumor (Cervix) | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antitumor (Colon) | |
|
Antitumor (Lung) | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
Chemicals (2) |
GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
LIMONENE |
|
Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
Antivaccinia | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198. |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Antiviral | |
Chemicals (4) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
LIMONENE |
|
Apoptotic | |
Chemicals (2) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
LIMONENE |
|
Artemicide | Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL LC50=110 ppm |
|
Ascaricide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Bronchoprotectant | |
|
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Chemicals (4) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
GERANIOL |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Candidicide | Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155. |
Chemicals (2) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
GERANIOL |
|
Candidistat | |
|
Carcinogenic | |
Chemicals (2) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID 0.1-10 mg/kg/3 mos mus |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Caspase-8-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Chemopreventive | |
|
Cholesterolytic | |
|
Cicatrizant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
CNS-Stimulant | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
|
Contraceptive | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Detoxicant | |
|
DNA-Binder | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Embryotoxic | |
|
Emetic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-97. |
Chemicals (1) |
GERANIOL 3 x ipecac |
|
Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
Estrogenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Expectorant | |
Chemicals (3) |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
GERANIOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Febrifuge | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
FLavor | |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
BORNYL-ACETATE FEMA 70-80 |
GERANIOL FEMA 1-10 |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL FEMA 5-15 |
|
Fungicide | |
Chemicals (3) |
ELEMICIN MIC=8 ug |
GERANIOL IC93=2 mM |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
Fungistat | |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL 100 ug/ml |
|
Gonadotrophic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
GST-Inducer | |
|
Hallucinogenic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
Hemangionagenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID 5 mg/kg mus |
|
Hepatoprotective | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Hepatotoxic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
GERANIOL IC100-2,000 uM |
LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
|
Histaminic | |
|
Hypocholesterolemic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL 2-6 g/man/day/orl |
|
Hypoglycemic | Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Hypolipidemic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL 2-6 g/day |
|
Hypotensive | Jim Duke's personal files. |
Chemicals (1) |
ELEMICIN ihl |
|
Immunomodulator | |
|
Immunostimulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Insecticide | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
ELEMICIN 100 ppm |
LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
|
Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
Chemicals (5) |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
ELEMICIN |
GERANIOL 50 ppm |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Insectiphile | Merck 11th Edition |
|
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Irritant | |
|
Larvicide | Berenbaum, M. R., The natives knew, Chemtech, (May), 1990, 275-279. |
Chemicals (2) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID 1 ppm |
ELEMICIN 100 ppm |
|
Lipolytic | |
|
Mosquitofuge | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
|
Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Mutagenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Mycobactericide | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
Myorelaxant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Narcotic | |
Chemicals (1) |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Nematicide | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
GERANIOL IC86=100 ug/ml |
LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
METHYL-EUGENOL MIC=1 mg/ml |
|
Nephrotoxic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Neurotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
NO-Genic | |
|
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
P450-Inducer | |
|
Papillomagenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
GERANIOL |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Peristaltic | |
|
Pesticide | |
Chemicals (8) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
ELEMICIN |
GERANIOL |
LIMONENE |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Phagocytotic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID 0.9 mg/man/day |
|
Phospholipase-A2-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|
Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
Schistosomicide | Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp. |
|
Sedative | |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
GERANIOL |
LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
Spermicide | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Termiticide | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
|
Transdermal | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Trichomonicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERANIOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
|
Ubiquiot | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
Ulcerogenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETA-SITOSTEROL 500 mg/kg ipr rat |
|
Vulnerary | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID |
|