| Pesticide | |
| Chemicals (31) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| CHAVICOL |
| CITRAL |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIAL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERMACRENE-D |
| HEXANOL |
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE |
| NERAL |
| NEROL |
| NERYL-ACETATE |
| P-CYMENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THUJONE |
| CHRYSANTHENONE |
|
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (23) |
|---|
| 3-OCTANOL |
| ALPHA-HUMULENE |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-MYRCENE |
| BETA-PHELLANDRENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| ESTRAGOLE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LINALOOL |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE |
| NEROL |
| NERYL-ACETATE |
| OCIMENE |
| SABINENE |
| THUJONE |
|
| FLavor | |
| Chemicals (22) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE FEMA 1-200 |
| 3-OCTANOL FEMA |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE FEMA 10-130 |
| ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
| BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
| CARYOPHYLLENE FEMA 20-200 |
| CIS-3-HEXENOL FEMA 1-5 |
| CITRAL FEMA 4-170 |
| ESTRAGOLE FEMA 4-150 |
| EUGENOL FEMA 10-500 |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
| GERANIOL FEMA 1-10 |
| GERANYL-ACETATE FEMA 1-20 |
| HEXANOL FEMA 0.2-25 |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL FEMA 2-40 |
| METHYL-EUGENOL FEMA 5-15 |
| MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
| NEROL FEMA 1-20 |
| NERYL-ACETATE FEMA 1-15 |
| P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
|
| Antibacterial | Internat. J. Oriental Med. 15(4): 199, 1990+ |
| Chemicals (20) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL 500 ppm |
| GERANIAL |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL MIC=1,600 ug/ml |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE |
| NERAL |
| NEROL |
| P-CYMENE |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THUJONE |
|
| Antiseptic | |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| CITRAL 5.2 x phenol |
| EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
| GERANIOL 7 x phenol |
| HEXANOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL 5 x phenol |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| NEROL |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THUJONE |
|
| Fungicide | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| BETA-PHELLANDRENE |
| CAMPHOR ED50=2.7 mM |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| CHAVICOL |
| CITRAL MIC 625 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIAL |
| GERANIOL IC93=2 mM |
| LINALOOL |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Insectifuge | |
| Chemicals (15) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| ESTRAGOLE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIOL 50 ppm |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Antispasmodic | |
| Chemicals (14) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR ED50=0.075 mg/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
| NERAL |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THUJONE ED50=0.127 mg/ml |
|
| Sedative | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Chemicals (14) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL ED 1-32 mg/kg |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
| LINALOOL ED=1-32 mg/kg |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| NEROL |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (13) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Chemicals (12) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-MYRCENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| CITRAL |
| ESTRAGOLE |
| EUGENOL |
| EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER |
| GERANIOL |
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
| Allergenic | |
| Chemicals (12) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Chemicals (11) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE IC50=100 uM |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM |
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Nematicide | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Chemicals (11) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| CAMPHOR MLC=1 mg/ml |
| CHAVICOL |
| CITRAL IC52=100 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL MLC=2,000 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL IC86=100 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| METHYL-EUGENOL MIC=1 mg/ml |
| TERPINEN-4-OL MLC=1 mg/ml |
|
| Herbicide | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Chemicals (11) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=78 uM |
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR IC50=3.3-180 mM |
| CITRAL IC50=115 uM |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL IC100-2,000 uM |
| LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
| P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
| TERPINEN-4-OL IC50=200 mM |
| THUJONE IC50=22 mM |
|
| Insecticide | |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| ESTRAGOLE |
| EUGENOL |
| LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
| LINALOOL LC50=156-194 mg/l |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL |
| OCIMENE |
|
| Antifeedant | Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR IC50=5,000 ppm diet |
| CARYOPHYLLENE 500 ppm |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
| Expectorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PHELLANDRENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| CITRAL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Antiviral | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
| GERANIAL IC50=16 uM |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| NERYL-ACETATE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| ALPHA-HUMULENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antiulcer | |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| NEROL |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL IC65=30 ppm |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| ISOEUGENOL IC79=30 ppm |
| METHYL-EUGENOL EC50=100 ul/l |
| MYRCENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Trichomonicide | |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE LD100=1,000 ug/ml |
| CITRAL LD100=150 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL LD100=600 ug/ml |
| NEROL ED100=300 ug/ml |
| P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
|
| Anticariogenic | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE MIC=>1,600 ug/ml |
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL MIC=1,600 ug/ml |
|
| Transdermal | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antiacne | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CAMPHOR |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Myorelaxant | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CITRAL 200 mg/kg |
| EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER |
| LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
|
| Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=41 ug/ml |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
| LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
| LINALOOL |
| P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
| TERPINEN-4-OL IC21-24=1.2 mM |
|
| Acaricide | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE LC100=6 uM |
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| EUGENOL LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
| LINALOOL C90=<15 ul/l (=<15 ppm |
|
| Analgesic | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Hypothermic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ESTRAGOLE |
| EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER |
| LINALOOL |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Anesthetic | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CAMPHOR |
| EUGENOL 200-400 |
| LINALOOL 0.01-1 ug/ml |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE ED50=32 uM gpg |
| CITRAL |
| ESTRAGOLE IC50=257.6 uM gpg |
| EUGENOL IC50=224 uM |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL IC50=258 uM |
|
| Antistaphylococcic | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
|
| Candidicide | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
|
| Chemopreventive | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CITRAL |
| ESTRAGOLE 4.4 uM/15 mos. scu mus |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| EUGENOL |
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Antiedemic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| EUGENOL 100 |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Carminative | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR |
| COPAENE |
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Antiallergic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CITRAL |
| LINALOOL |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| NERYL-ACETATE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
| CAMPHOR IC50=7.89 uM |
| CITRAL IC50=1.19 uM |
| MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
| Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Anticonvulsant | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL 200 mg/kg ipr mus |
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CAMPHOR |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Insectiphile | Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
|
| Cytotoxic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL 25 ug/ml |
| ISOEUGENOL 25 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL |
|
| CNS-Stimulant | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CAMPHOR |
| GERANIOL |
|
| Antitumor (Colon) | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Anticancer | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CITRAL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antiaggregant | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ESTRAGOLE IC50=320 uM |
| EUGENOL IC50=0.3 uM |
| ISOEUGENOL IC50=0.72 uM |
|
| Anthelmintic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| GERANIOL |
| THUJONE |
|
| Spasmogenic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
|
| Larvicide | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL LC50=156-194 mg/l |
|
| Convulsant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CAMPHOR |
| THUJONE 40 mg/kg |
|
| Neurotoxic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| EUGENOL |
| THUJONE |
|
| Counterirritant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CAMPHOR |
| THUJONE |
|
| ACE-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
| CNS-Depressant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER |
| LINALOOL |
|
| DNA-Binder | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ESTRAGOLE |
| EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL |
|
| Candidistat | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ISOEUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Antiasthmatic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| LIMONENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Antihelicobacter | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| NEROL |
| SABINENE |
|
| Termiticide | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
| EUGENOL LD100=5 mg/g |
| NERAL LD100=5 mg/g |
|
| Fungistat | Laekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ISOEUGENOL 100 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE |
| METHYL-EUGENOL 100 ug/ml |
|
| Estrogenic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
| NEROL |
|
| Emetic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| CAMPHOR |
| GERANIOL 3 x ipecac |
|
| Antinociceptive | Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
| Vulnerary | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-91. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Antilymphomic | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/ml |
|
| Antishock | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Hepatocarcinogenic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ESTRAGOLE 0.23-0.46% diet/12 mos. |
| METHYL-CHAVICOL |
|
| Bronchorelaxant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Antiproliferant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Glutathionigenic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
|
| Allelochemic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Respirainhibitor | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR |
| THUJONE |
|
| Epileptigenic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR |
| THUJONE |
|
| Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antileishmanic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
|
| Antiherpetic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
|
| Termitifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CAMPHOR |
|
| Antitumor (Skin) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
|
| Antimite | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antistreptococcic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Dentifrice | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CHRYSANTHENONE Tobacco stain remover |
|
| Antianaphylactic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Trichomonistat | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=10 ug/ml |
| ISOEUGENOL IC50=10 ug/ml |
|
| Antiradicular | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL EC50=2 ul/l |
| METHYL-EUGENOL EC50=100 ul/l |
|
| Apoptotic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Mosquitofuge | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
| LINALOOL > Deet |
|
| Antitussive | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Choleretic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| EUGENOL |
|
| AntiTNF | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| ISOEUGENOL |
|
| Decongestant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CAMPHOR |
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antihistaminic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Antisalmonella | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
|
| Barbituate-Synergist | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Gastroprotective | Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Mosquitocide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| COX-1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC97=1,000 uM |
|
| AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
|
| Secretogogue | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antidysenteric | Wealth of India. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR 500 ug/ml |
|
| Antimitotic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| (-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
|
| Prostatitigenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CITRAL 185 mg/kg/day/3 ms |
|
| Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
|
| Anticolic | |
|
|
| Ecbolic | |
|
|
| Antithromboxane | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87. |
|
|
| Varroacide | |
|
|
| Insect-Repellent | |
|
|
| Antikeratotic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
|
| Dermal | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
|
| Antiarachidonate | |
|
|
| Trypanocide | |
|
|
| Hypnotic | |
|
|
| Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| NO-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Toxic | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
|
|
| Narcotic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
| Teratogenic | |
|
|
| Ascaricide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Culicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LINALOOL LC50=156-194 mg/l |
|
| Antionychyotic | Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
|
| Antineuralgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Abortifacient | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
|
| Antidermatitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Cholesterolytic | |
|
|
| Antimelanomic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=150 uM/l |
|
| Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
|
| Embryotoxic | |
|
|
| Antitubercular | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| Vermifuge | |
|
|
| Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Detoxicant | |
|
|
| Antibacillary | |
|
|
| Tumor-Promoter | |
|
|
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
| Degranulant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 0.3 ul/ml |
|
| Antirhinitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Hepatotonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antipruritic | Merck 11th Edition |
|
|
| Gram(-)icide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Bacteristat | |
|
|
| Mutagenic | |
|
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. |
|
|
| Antipharyngitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Spermicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINEN-4-OL ED100=0.015 |
|
| GABA-nergic | |
|
|
| Antiyeast | |
|
|
| Antiesophagitic | |
|
|
| Lipolytic | |
|
|
| Antinitrosating | |
|
|
| Antidote (Strychnine) | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| METHYL-EUGENOL |
|
| Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | Chen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 1 mM rbt |
|
| Emmenagogue | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
|
| Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
|
| Anticholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=50-70 |
|
| Vibriocide | Wealth of India. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR 500 ug/ml |
|
| Cerebrodepressant | |
|
|
| Antilithic | |
|
|
| Peristaltic | |
|
|
| Antibronchitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Ulcerogenic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
|
|
| Inflammatory | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
| Histaminic | |
|
|
| Antiglutamaergic | |
|
|
| NO-Genic | |
|
|
| Antiaflatoxin | |
|
|
| Testosterone-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Hallucinogenic | |
|
|
| Bronchoprotectant | |
|
|
| Antipneumonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Surfactant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Glaucomagenic | |
|
|
| Antifatigue | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| COX-2-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC>97=1,000 uM |
|
| Antiobesity | |
|
|
| AntiEBV | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIAL IC50=16 uM |
|
| Juvabional | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
|
| Coleoptophile | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| (-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
|
| Renoirritant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
|
| Antitumor (Liver) | |
|
|
| Antimange | |
|
|
| Pheromone | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERMACRENE-D |
|
| Edemagenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
| Anticancer (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
|
| Vasodilator | |
|
|
| Carcinogenic? | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
|
| Antilaryngitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Pediculicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 2.3 x pyrethrin |
|
| Dermatitigenic | |
|
|
| Antisinusitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Trypsin-Enhancer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93. |
|
|
| Hypotensive | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Occuloirritant | |
|
|
| Antirheumatic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antiallergenic | |
|
|
| Tranquilizer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 100 ppm |
|
| Antifibrositic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antiprostaglandin | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 11 uM |
|
| Gram(+)icide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Bacteriostatic | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Motor-Stimulant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
|
|
| Spasmolytic | |
|
|
| Antiemetic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR 100-200 mg man orl |
|
| Cosmetic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Antinitrosaminic | |
|
|
| Respirastimulant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
|
| Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
|
| Antidiarrheic | Wealth of India. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CAMPHOR 500 ug/ml |
|
| Cicatrizant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
| Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Prooxidant | Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp. |
|
|
| Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Verrucolytic | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
|
| Caspase-3-Inducer | |
|
|
| Antileukemic | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LINALOOL IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/ml |
|
| Diuretic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINEN-4-OL 0.1 ml/rat |
|
| Tyrosinase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CITRAL ID50=1.5 mM |
|
| Immunomodulator | |
|
|
| Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
|
| Deliriant | Merck 11th Edition |
|
|
| Antialzheimeran? | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
|
| Antigenotoxic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 50-500 mg/kg orl mus |
|
| NF-kB-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| Antipyretic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
|
| Antiadenomic | |
|
|
| Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| GST-Inducer | |
|
|
| Mycobactericide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| Antiplaque | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Stimulant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
|
| Apifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
|
| Antiestrogenic | |
|
|