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Activities: 529
All Chemicals: 223
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Chemical Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
CONIFERALDEHYDE Fruit Essent. Oil-- -- *
TRICOSANE Plant-- -- *
AROMADENDRENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (3)
Antiseptic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Pesticide
T-MUUROLOL Plant-- -- *
LEDENE Fruit-- 237.0 *
SABINENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (5)
Antibacterial
Antihelicobacter
Antiseptic
Antiulcer
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
EICOSANE Plant-- -- *
10-EPIZONARENE Plant-- -- *
HEPTANAL Plant-- -- *
ALPHA-SELINENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (3)
Antimalarial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Antiplasmodial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
ETHYL-BENZOATE Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
FLavor FEMA 2-60Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
BETA-SELINENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (3)
Antimalarial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Antiplasmodial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
CONIFERALDEHYDE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
CYCLOSATIVENE Plant-- -- *
TRANS-P-MENTHA-1(10),5,DIENE-2-OL Plant-- -- *
AR-CURCUMENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (3)
Antirhinoviral IC50=1,750?Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
Antiulcer IC45=100 mg/kgYamahara, J., et al. Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of... Yakugaku Zasshi 112: 645-655 (1992).
Antiviral IC50=1,750?Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
CHAVICOL Leaf-- -- *
Activities (3)
Fungicide
Nematicide HerbalGram No. 17.
Pesticide
QUERCITRIN Fruit-- -- *
Activities (44)
ACE-Inhibitor IC50=0.67 mM/
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=2 uMTerashima, S., Shimizu, M., Nakayama, H., Ishikura, M., et al. 1990. Studies on Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Medicinal Plant of 'Sinfito,' Potentilla candicans, and Further Synthesis of Their Related Compounds. Chem. Pharm. Bull 38(10):2733-2736, 1990
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC55=0.15 uM
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 0.1-100 uM
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 0.5-4 ug/ml
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=64 uM ratAl-Khalil, S. 1996. Inhibition of Lens Alkaloids Reductase by Protopine Alkaloids. Saudi Pharm J, 4(1): 45-47.
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC55=0.1 uM
Antiarrhythmic
Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticataract
Antiedemic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antifeedant IC52=<1,000 ppm dietLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Antiflu Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
Antihemorrhagic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihepatotoxic
Antiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.
Antiinflammatory Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antimutagenic ID50=2-5 nMPhenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Antioxidant IC50=120 uM
Antipurpuric
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic 0.41%
Antithrombogenic
Antitumor
Antiulcer Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiviral
CNS-Depressant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardiotonic
Choleretic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Cyclooxygenase-Activator 200 uMHansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Detoxicant Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Diuretic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Dye Merck 11th Edition
Hemostat Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hepatotonic
Hypoglycemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Hypotensive
Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
MAO-A-Inhibitor
MAO-Inhibitor
Paralytic
Pesticide
Vasopressor
10-EPI-(ALPHA)-CADINOL Plant-- -- *
HEPTADECANE Plant-- -- *
ALPHA-PINENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (28)
Allelochemic
Allergenic
Antiacne
Antibacterial
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
Antipneumonic
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Coleoptophile
Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
Insectifuge 50 ppm
Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Spasmogenic
Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal
EPIGLOBULOL Plant-- -- *
3-OCTANON Fruit-- -- *
BETA-PINENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (13)
Allergenic
Antiinflammatory
Antiseptic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antispasmodic
Candidicide
FLavor FEMA 15-600Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Spasmogenic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Transdermal
BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
CUBENENE Plant-- -- *
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE Plant-- -- *
Activities (8)
Antiedemic Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antifeedant Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993.
Antiinflammatory Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Calcium-Antagonist ED50=32 uM gpg
Fungicide
Insecticide Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993.
Pesticide
ALPHA-MAALIENE Plant-- -- *
ISOVALERALDEHYDE Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
FLavor FEMA 0.5-5Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
QUERCETIN-3-O-BETA-D-XYLOSIDE Fruit-- -- *
CATECHINS Fruit-- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Activities (1)
Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (11)
Antibacterial Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Dermal Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Emetic
FLavor FEMA 10-130Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Insectiphile Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Laxative
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
EPICUBENOL Plant-- -- *
BETA-PHELLANDRENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (3)
Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Fungicide Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
ALPHA-COPAENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
COPPER Bud5.0 10.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Activities (12)
Antianemic
Antiarthritic
Antidiabetic 2-4 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antifatigue
Antiinflammatory Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antinociceptive Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic
Cardioprotective
Contraceptive Martindale's 28th
Hypocholesterolemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Immunomodulator
Schizophrenigenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
TRANS-ANETHOLE Plant-- -- *
Activities (8)
Analgesic 10-100 ug/ml
Anesthetic 10-100 ug/ml
Antigenotoxic 40-400 mg/kg orl mus
Antioxidant
Antiradicular
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=75.2 uM gpg (weak activity)
FLavor FEMA 1,250-3,150Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Sweetener 13 x sucrose
CARYOPHYLLENE-ALDEHYDE Plant-- -- *
ISOEUGENOL Plant-- -- *
Activities (16)
Allergenic
AntiTNF
Antiaggregant IC50=0.72 uMLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Antiinflammatory
Antioxidant IC79=30 ppm
Antitumor
Bacteristat
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Cytotoxic 25 ug/mlLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Fungistat 100 ug/mlLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Motor-Stimulant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Pesticide
Sedative Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
PIMENTOL Fruit-- 800.0 *
ALPHA-MUUROLENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
BETA-HUMULENE Fruit-- 405.0 *
PENTANOL Plant-- -- *
GERANYL-ACETATE Plant-- -- *
Activities (5)
Allergenic
FLavor FEMA 1-20Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Sedative Jim Duke's personal files.
ALLO-AROMADENDRENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
TRANS-2-HEXENAL Plant-- -- *
Activities (4)
FLavor FEMA 0.7-20Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Paramecicide ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Pesticide
Prosticide ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
ALPHA-TERPINEOL Plant-- -- *
Activities (23)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allelopathic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antiacne
Antibacterial MIC=800-1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticancer Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticariogenic MIC=800-1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antiinflammatory
Antiproliferant
Antiseptic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Cicatrizant ED50=240 ug/g mus
FLavor FEMA 5-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insecticide 1.29 uM/fly
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
Mosquitofuge > Deet
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
Sedative Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Termiticide IC100=5 mg/g
Transdermal
Vulnerary ED50=240 ug/g mus
METHYL-BENZOATE Plant-- -- *
Activities (4)
Antiseptic
FLavor FEMA 2-10Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
CARYOPHYLLENE-ALCOHOL Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
FLavor FEMA 5-50Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
SELINE-4(14),11-DIENE Plant-- -- *
ISOCARYOPHYLLENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
LINALOOL Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (53)
Acaricide C90=<15 ul/l (=<15 ppm
Allergenic
Analgesic
Anesthetic 0.01-1 ug/ml
Antiacetylcholinesterase
Antiallergic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antianaphylactic
Antibacterial MIC=1,600 ug/ml
Anticariogenic MIC=1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticolic
Anticonvulsant 200 mg/kg ipr mus
Antiedemic
Antiglutamaergic
Antihistaminic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antilymphomic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antimange
Antimite
Antimutagenic
Antiseptic 5 x phenolWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antishock Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antispasmodic Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms (Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990.
Antiviral
Barbituate-Synergist
Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
CNS-Depressant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Carminative
Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Cytotoxic
Expectorant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
FLavor FEMA 2-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Acta Botanica Sinica, 32: 49.
GABA-nergic
Hypnotic
Hypothermic
Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Mosquitofuge > Deet
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Prooxidant Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Sedative 200 mg/kg ipr mus (1% as active as diazepam)
Termitifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml
Tumor-Promoter
ALPHA-HUMULENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (2)
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ZONARENE Plant-- -- *
BETA-ELEMENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (5)
Anticancer (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Antigliomic
Antiproliferant
Antitumor (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Apoptotic
PENTADECANE Plant-- -- *
TOLUENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
Encephalopathic Martindale's 29th
ALPHA-GURJUNENE Fruit-- 42.0 *
PHYTOSTEROL Fruit610.0 665.0 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
SELINA-4,11-DIENE Plant-- -- *
ALPHA-CADINENE Plant-- -- *
LIMONENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (60)
AChE-Inhibitor Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Acaricide LC100=8 uM
Allelochemic
Allergenic 1/20th carene
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM
Antiadenomic
Antialzheimeran? Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiasthmatic
Antibacterial Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994.
Anticancer
Antiesophagitic
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory
Antilithic
Antilymphomic
Antimetastatic (Stomach)
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antiobesity
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/mlFitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antitumor
Antitumor (Breast)
Antitumor (Colon)
Antitumor (Pancreas)
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (Stomach)
Antiviral
Apoptotic
Bronchoprotectant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Chemopreventive
Cholesterolytic
Detoxicant
Enterocontractant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Expectorant
FLavor
Fungiphilic J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283.
Fungistat
GST-Inducer
Herbicide IC50=45 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Histaminic
Immunomodulator
Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
Irritant
Lipolytic
Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg
NO-Genic
Nematicide IC=100 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet)
Ozone-Scavenger
P450-Inducer
Peristaltic
Pesticide
Photosensitizer Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Transdermal
ALPHA-GURJUNENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
EIXOSANE Plant-- -- *
BETA-COPAENE Plant-- -- *
CIS-OCIMENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (3)
Antibacterial Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Fungicide Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
MANGANESE Bud29.0 70.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Activities (14)
AntiPMS
Antialcoholic Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications.
Antianemic Martindale's 28th
Antiarthritic
Antidiabetic 3-5 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day
Antidiscotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidyskinetic Martindale's 28th
Antiepileptic 450 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic
Antiototic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antioxidant
Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypoglycemic 10-30 mg/man/day
CALCIUM-OXALATE Fruit-- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Activities (4)
Emetic
Inflammatory
Laxative
Lithogenic
SELINA-3,11-DIENE Plant-- -- *
INTERMEDIOL Plant-- -- *
ISOQUERCITRIN Fruit-- -- *
Activities (22)
ACE-Inhibitor ID50=300 ug/ml rat (24 hr.)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticancer
Antielastase IC50=0.7 ug/ml
Antifeedant Russell, G. B., Phytochemical resources for crop protection, N. Z. J. Technol., 2, 1986, 127-134.
Antiinflammatory
Antinociceptive
Antioxidant 1/4 quercetin
Antioxidant IC50=9.0 uM
Antiradicular 1/4 quercetin
Antitumor
Antitumor-Promoter
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Capillarigenic
Diaphoretic
Diuretic 10 ppmList, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Hypotensive Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor 550 ug/mlBernard, F. X., Sable, S., Cameron, B., Provost, J., Desnottes, J. F., Crouzet, J., Blanche, F. 1997. Glycosylated Flavones as Selective Inhibitors of Topoisomerase IV. Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy, 41: 992-998.
P-CYMENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (16)
Analgesic Martindale's 28th
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC40=1.2 mM
Antibacillary
Antibacterial
Antiflu
Antirheumatalgic Martindale's 28th
Antiviral
FLavor FEMA 12-250Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Herbicide IC50=50 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Laxative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Pesticide
Sedative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Trichomonicide LD100=50 ug/ml
DODECANE Plant-- -- *
FURFURALDEHYDE Plant-- -- *
CIS-ALPHA-BERGAMOTENE Plant-- -- *
TETRADECANE Plant-- -- *
ALPHA-SANTALENE Plant-- -- *
MALIC-ACID Fruit-- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Activities (15)
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial
Antifibromyalgic 300 mg 3x/day
Antioxidant Synergist Merck 11th Edition
Antiseborrheic
Antiseptic Martindale's 29th
Antitubercular
Antitumor Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Bacteristat
Bruchiphobe Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Hemopoietic
Laxative? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-91.
Mycobactericide
Pesticide
Sialogogue Martindale's 29th
BETA-PHELLANDRENE Fruit-- -- *
Activities (3)
Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Fungicide Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
ACETONE Plant-- -- *
Activities (3)
Allergenic
CNS-Depressant Martindale's 29th
Narcotic Martindale's 29th
HUMULENE-EPOXIDE-II Plant-- -- *
ISOEUGENOL Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (16)
Allergenic
AntiTNF
Antiaggregant IC50=0.72 uMLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Antiinflammatory
Antioxidant IC79=30 ppm
Antitumor
Bacteristat
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Cytotoxic 25 ug/mlLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Fungistat 100 ug/mlLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Motor-Stimulant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Pesticide
Sedative Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
EUGENOL Flower Essent. Oil-- 543000.0 *
Activities (76)
Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm
Allergenic
Analgesic Merck 11th Edition
Anesthetic 200-400Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
AntiTNF
Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uMPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Antiarachidonate
Antibacterial 500 ppmValnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp.
Antibacterial MBC=400 ug/ml
Anticonvulsant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiedemic 100Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95.
Antiestrogenic
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus
Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM
Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antimitotic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antinitrosating
Antioxidant IC65=30 ppm
Antioxidant 10 uM
Antiprostaglandin 11 uM
Antiprostaglandin IC50=9.2 mM
Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day
Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l
Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml
Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day
Antiseptic 400 ug/ml
Antispasmodic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antithromboxane Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87.
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Antiulcer
Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Apifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
CNS-Depressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC>97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=224 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Carcinogenic? Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Choleretic
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima.
Cytotoxic 25 ug/mlPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Dermatitigenic
Enterorelaxant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
FLavor FEMA 10-500Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Hepatoprotective 100 ppm
Herbicide
Insecticide
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Larvicide
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Neurotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbtChen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633.
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=9.2 uM
Sedative
Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g
Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml
Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Trypsin-Enhancer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93.
Ulcerogenic Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Varroacide
Vasodilator
Vermifuge
DOCOSANE Plant-- -- *
VALERALDEHYDE Plant-- -- *
OCTANOL Plant-- -- *
FUFUROL Leaf-- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CIS-3-HEXENOL Plant-- -- *
Activities (1)
FLavor FEMA 1-5Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
TETRACOSANE Plant-- -- *
PROANTHOCYANIDINS Fruit-- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Activities (34)
AntiCVI 100 mg/day/man
Antialopecic
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial
Antidiabetic Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp.
Antiedemic 400 mg/kg/day orl rat
Antihistaminic
Antiischemic
Antioxidant >Vit E-succinate
Antioxidant 5 x Vit. E
Antiperiodontal Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiplaque Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiproliferant
Antiretinopathic
Antiseptic
Antistroke 200 mg/kg orl rat
Antitumor
Antiviral
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor IC50=1 uM
Capillariprotective
Cardioprotective
Collagenase-Inhibitor
Collagenic
Deodorant Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Elastase-Inhibitor IC50=~4 uM
Gram(+)icide
Gram(-)icide
Hepatoprotective
Hyaluronidase-Inhibitor IC50+=50-80 uM
Hypoglycemic Soumyanath, A. Ed. 2006. Traditional Medicines for Modern Times - Antidiabetic Plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 314 pp.
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor
Propecic
Vasodilator
Vasorelaxant
TRANS-BETA-OCIMENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
1,8-CINEOL Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
SABINENE Plant-- -- *
Activities (5)
Antibacterial
Antihelicobacter
Antiseptic
Antiulcer
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
4,8-EPOXYTERPINOLENE Plant-- -- *
HUMULENE-EPOXIDE-I Plant-- -- *
GLYCOSIDES Fruit-- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
GAMMA-TERPINENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (11)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Acaricide
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC23=1.2 mM
Antifeedant Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
FLavor FEMA 1-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER Fruit8000.0 22500.0 *
Activities (5)
CNS-Depressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
DNA-Binder Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hypothermic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Myorelaxant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
CALAMANENE Fruit-- 90.0 *
DELTA-SELINENE Plant-- -- *
UNDECANE Plant-- -- *
OCTADECANE Plant-- -- *
CINNAMALDEHYDE Plant-- -- *
Activities (60)
Acaricide
Adrenergic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Allelochemic IC100=2.5 mMLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Allergenic
Anesthetic Hutchings, A, Scott, AH, Lewis, G, and Cunningham, A. 1996. Zulu Medicinal Plants. An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. 450 pp.
Antiaggregant 200 uMEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 343.
Antibacterial MIC=250-1,000 ug/ml
Antienterococcic MIC=250 ug/ml
Antiescherichic MIC=500 ug/ml
Antiherpetic
Antiinflammatory Hutchings, A, Scott, AH, Lewis, G, and Cunningham, A. 1996. Zulu Medicinal Plants. An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. 450 pp.
Antiklebsiellic MIC=1,000 ug/ml
Antileukemic
Antimutagenic HerbalGram No. 24, page 40.
Antipneumonic MIC=1,000 ug/ml
Antipseudomonic MIC=1,000 ug/ml
Antipyretic
Antisalmonella MIC=500 ug/ml
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic MIC=250 ug/ml
Antiulcer 500 mg/kg/orl
Antiurease
Antiviral
CNS-Depressant Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
CNS-Stimulant Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=245 uM
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide MIC=16-40 ppm
Choleretic 500 mg/kg/orl
Chronotropic
Circulatory-Stimulant
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor Hutchings, A, Scott, AH, Lewis, G, and Cunningham, A. 1996. Zulu Medicinal Plants. An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. 450 pp.
Cytotoxic ED50=5-60 ug/ml
FLavor
Fungicide 1.7-250 ppm
Fungicide MIC=16-40 ppm
Herbicide Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Histaminic
Hypoglycemic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Hypotensive Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Hypothermic
Inotropic
Insecticide Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Irritant Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor Hutchings, A, Scott, AH, Lewis, G, and Cunningham, A. 1996. Zulu Medicinal Plants. An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. 450 pp.
Monoaminergic
Mutagenic
Nematicide 100 ug/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery
Pesticide
Sedative
Sprout-Inhibitor Duke, J.A.. Personal Communication.
Teratogenic
Termiticide LD96=1 mg/g
Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g
Tranquilizer
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=129 ug/ml
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=970 uM
Vasodilator
Vibriocide MIC=250 ug/ml
TERPINOLENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (9)
Allelochemic
Antifeedant
Antinitrosaminic
Antioxidant
Deodorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-60Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
2-METHYL-BUTYL-ACETATE Fruit-- 3.0 *
HEXANOL Plant-- -- *
Activities (3)
Antiseptic
FLavor FEMA 0.2-25Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
EUGENOL-METHYL-ETHER Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (5)
CNS-Depressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
DNA-Binder Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hypothermic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Myorelaxant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
DELTA-CADINENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
Activities (9)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Antiacne
Antibacterial MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticariogenic MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antistreptococcic
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer
P450-Inducer
Pesticide
Testosterone-Inducer
TRIDECANE Plant-- -- *
NONADECANE Plant-- -- *
ALPHA-PALUSTRINE Plant-- -- *
LEDOL Plant-- -- *
TERPIN-1-EN-4-OL Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
2-METHYL-BUTANOL Plant-- -- *
HEXADECANE Plant-- -- *
CIS-BETA-OCIMENE Leaf Essent. Oil-- -- *
1-OCTEN-3-OLE Fruit-- -- *
THIAMIN Leaf1.1 1.7 -1.38 *
Activities (31)
Analgesic 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
AntiLyme 50 mg
Antialcoholic 50-100 mg/day
Antialzheimeran 100-3,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antianorectic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antibackache 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiberiberi
Anticanker
Anticardiospasmic
Anticataract
Anticolitic
Antidecubitic
Antideliriant
Antidementia
Antidyspeptic
Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Antifatigue Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antigastritic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihangover 50 mg
Antiheartburn
Antiherpetic
Antimigraine
Antimyocarditic
Antineuralgic 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antineurasthenic
Antineuritic
Antineuropathic 50 mgWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipoliomyelitic
Insectifuge 75-150 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Neuroprotective
Pesticide
BARIUM Plant-- 20.0 -1.38 *
NIACIN Leaf1.4 1.8 -1.16 *
Activities (39)
Allergenic Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
AntiLyme 50 mg/day
AntiMeniere's Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
AntiRaynaud's 1,500-4,000 mg/day
Antiacrodynic
Antiallergic 50 mg/2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antialzheimeran
Antiamblyopic
Antianginal
Anticataract
Antichilblain Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticonvulsant 3 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidementia
Antidermatitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic
Antidysphagic
Antiepileptic 3 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihangover 50 mg
Antihistaminic 50 mg 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihyperactivity 1.5-6 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomnic 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antineuralgic
Antiparkinsonian 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipellagric Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiscotomic
Antispasmodic 100 mg 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antivertigo
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Circulotonic
Fibrinolytic
Hepatoprotective
Hepatotoxic
Hypocholesterolemic 50-100 mg 3x/day
Hypoglycemic
Hypolipidemic
Sedative Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Serotoninergic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Vasodilator Martindale's 29th
ALPHA-P-DIMETHYL-STYRENE Fruit-- 15.0 -1.16 *
TRANS-OCIMENE Fruit-- 35.0 -1.0 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
10-(ALPHA)-CADINOL Fruit66.0 1000.0 -1.0 *
METHYL-EUGENOL Fruit-- 1500.0 -1.0 *
Activities (20)
Anesthetic
Antibacterial Internat. J. Oriental Med. 15(4): 199, 1990+
Anticonvulsant
Antidote (Strychnine)
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antioxidant EC50=100 ul/l
Antiradicular EC50=100 ul/l
Antiseptic
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Carcinogenic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
FLavor FEMA 5-15Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Fungistat 100 ug/mlLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Myorelaxant Fitoterapia No.61: 254, 1990.
Narcotic
Nematicide MIC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative
RIBOFLAVIN Fruit-- 0.7 -0.92 *
Activities (15)
AntiLyme 50 mg/day
Antiarabiflavinotic 2-10 mg/day orlMartindale's 28th
Anticarpal-Tunnel 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 15 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticephalagic
Anticervicaldysplasic 1.6-10 mg/day
Anticheilitic
Antidecubitic
Antiglossitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antikeratitic
Antimigraine
Antioxidant
Antipellagric
Antiphotophobic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
METHYL-CHAVICOL Fruit-- 60.0 -0.89 *
Activities (6)
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=258 uM
DNA-Binder
Hepatocarcinogenic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hypothermic
Insecticide
Pesticide
TRANS-OCIMENE Leaf-- 17.0 -0.89 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
STRONTIUM Plant-- 20.0 -0.88 *
FLUORINE Plant-- 5.0 -0.82 *
CADMIUM Plant-- 0.05 -0.82 *
Activities (3)
Hypertensive Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Lithogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Nephrotoxic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
METHYL-EUGENOL Leaf-- 190.0 -0.78 *
Activities (20)
Anesthetic
Antibacterial Internat. J. Oriental Med. 15(4): 199, 1990+
Anticonvulsant
Antidote (Strychnine)
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antioxidant EC50=100 ul/l
Antiradicular EC50=100 ul/l
Antiseptic
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Carcinogenic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
FLavor FEMA 5-15Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Fungistat 100 ug/mlLaekeman, G.M., Van Hoof, L., Haemers, A., Vanden Berghe, D.A., Herman, A.G., and Vlietinck, A.J. Eugenol a Valuable Compound for In Vitro Experimental Research and Worthwhile for Further In Vivo Investigation. Phytotherapy Research 4(3): 93, 1990.
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Myorelaxant Fitoterapia No.61: 254, 1990.
Narcotic
Nematicide MIC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative
NIACIN Fruit-- 3.1 -0.77 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (39)
Allergenic Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
AntiLyme 50 mg/day
AntiMeniere's Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
AntiRaynaud's 1,500-4,000 mg/day
Antiacrodynic
Antiallergic 50 mg/2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antialzheimeran
Antiamblyopic
Antianginal
Anticataract
Antichilblain Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Anticonvulsant 3 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidementia
Antidermatitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic
Antidysphagic
Antiepileptic 3 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihangover 50 mg
Antihistaminic 50 mg 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihyperactivity 1.5-6 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomnic 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antineuralgic
Antiparkinsonian 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipellagric Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiscotomic
Antispasmodic 100 mg 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antivertigo
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Circulotonic
Fibrinolytic
Hepatoprotective
Hepatotoxic
Hypocholesterolemic 50-100 mg 3x/day
Hypoglycemic
Hypolipidemic
Sedative Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Serotoninergic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Vasodilator Martindale's 29th
STIGMASTEROL Fruit-- 30.0 -0.76 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Activities (12)
Antihepatotoxic
Antiinflammatory Lawrence Review of Natural Products, 1995
Antinociceptive
Antiophidic 2.3 mg ipr musEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
Antioxidant IC33=10 uM
Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.
Artemicide LC50=110 ppmJung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Estrogenic
Hypocholesterolemic Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Ovulant
Sedative
LIMONENE Fruit-- 28.0 -0.75 *
Activities (60)
AChE-Inhibitor Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Acaricide LC100=8 uM
Allelochemic
Allergenic 1/20th carene
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM
Antiadenomic
Antialzheimeran? Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiasthmatic
Antibacterial Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994.
Anticancer
Antiesophagitic
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory
Antilithic
Antilymphomic
Antimetastatic (Stomach)
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antiobesity
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/mlFitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antitumor
Antitumor (Breast)
Antitumor (Colon)
Antitumor (Pancreas)
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (Stomach)
Antiviral
Apoptotic
Bronchoprotectant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Chemopreventive
Cholesterolytic
Detoxicant
Enterocontractant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Expectorant
FLavor
Fungiphilic J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283.
Fungistat
GST-Inducer
Herbicide IC50=45 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Histaminic
Immunomodulator
Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
Irritant
Lipolytic
Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg
NO-Genic
Nematicide IC=100 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet)
Ozone-Scavenger
P450-Inducer
Peristaltic
Pesticide
Photosensitizer Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Transdermal
ALPHA-PINENE Fruit-- 14.0 -0.72 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (28)
Allelochemic
Allergenic
Antiacne
Antibacterial
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
Antipneumonic
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Coleoptophile
Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
Insectifuge 50 ppm
Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Spasmogenic
Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal
COPAENE Fruit-- 15.0 -0.71 *
Activities (1)
Carminative
METHYL-CHAVICOL Leaf-- 3.0 -0.7 *
Activities (6)
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=258 uM
DNA-Binder
Hepatocarcinogenic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hypothermic
Insecticide
Pesticide
IRON Leaf76.0 95.0 -0.68 *
Activities (6)
Antiakathisic Martindale's 29th
Antianemic Martindale's 29th
Anticanker
Anticheilitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Prooxidant
PHOSPHORUS Leaf1173.0 1399.0 -0.66 *
Activities (4)
Antiosteoporotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anxiolytic
Immunostimulant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Osteogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
GAMMA-TERPINENE Fruit-- 35.0 -0.64 *
Activities (11)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Acaricide
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC23=1.2 mM
Antifeedant Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
FLavor FEMA 1-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
LINALOOL Leaf-- 5.0 -0.64 *
Activities (53)
Acaricide C90=<15 ul/l (=<15 ppm
Allergenic
Analgesic
Anesthetic 0.01-1 ug/ml
Antiacetylcholinesterase
Antiallergic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antianaphylactic
Antibacterial MIC=1,600 ug/ml
Anticariogenic MIC=1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticolic
Anticonvulsant 200 mg/kg ipr mus
Antiedemic
Antiglutamaergic
Antihistaminic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antilymphomic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antimange
Antimite
Antimutagenic
Antiseptic 5 x phenolWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antishock Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antispasmodic Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms (Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990.
Antiviral
Barbituate-Synergist
Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
CNS-Depressant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Carminative
Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Cytotoxic
Expectorant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
FLavor FEMA 2-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Acta Botanica Sinica, 32: 49.
GABA-nergic
Hypnotic
Hypothermic
Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Mosquitofuge > Deet
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Prooxidant Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Sedative 200 mg/kg ipr mus (1% as active as diazepam)
Termitifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml
Tumor-Promoter
ALLO-AROMADENDRENE Fruit-- 204.0 -0.64 *
COPAENE Leaf-- 9.0 -0.63 *
Activities (1)
Carminative
BETA-CAROTENE Leaf103.0 120.0 -0.62 *
Activities (53)
Allergenic
Androgenic? Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
AntiPMS
Antiacne Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiaging
Antiarthritic
Antiasthmatic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anticancer Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticarcinomic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anticervicaldysplasic
Anticoronary 50 mg/man/2 days
Antihyperkeratotic
Antiichythyotic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antileukoplakic
Antilipoperoxidant IC71=50 ug/ml
Antilupus 150 mg/man/day/2 mosMartindale's 28th
Antimaculitic
Antimastitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antioxidant Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiozenic
Antipapillomic
Antiphotophobic 30-300 mg/man/dayMartindale's 29th
Antipityriasic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiporphyric 30-300 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiproliferant Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antipsoriac Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiradicular Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antirheumatic
Antistress Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antitumor Simon, P.W. Carrots and Other Horticultural Crops as a Source of Provitamin A Carotenes. HortScience, 25(12): 1495, 1990.
Antitumor (Breast) IC45=60 ug/ml
Antitumor (CNS) IC43=45 ug/ml
Antitumor (Colon) IC43=45 ug/ml
Antitumor (Lung) IC30=60 ug/ml
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (Stomach) IC26=45 ug/ml
Antiulcer 12 mg 3x/day/man/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiulcer 15,000-25,000 IU/day
Antixerophthalmic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
COX-1-Inhibitor IC78=50 ug/ml
COX-2-Inhibitor IC82=50 ug/ml
Cancer-Preventive 22 ppmJim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive
Colorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Gastroprotective
Immunostimulant 180 mg/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Interferon-Synergist
Mucogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Phagocytotic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Prooxidant 20 ug/g
Thymoprotective Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
PHOSPHORUS Fruit1100.0 1235.0 -0.6 *
Activities (4)
Antiosteoporotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anxiolytic
Immunostimulant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Osteogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
CALAMENENE Fruit-- 90.0 -0.59 *
ALPHA-GURJUNENE Leaf-- 5.0 -0.58 *
ALPHA-THUJENE Fruit-- 14.0 -0.58 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
POTASSIUM Fruit11000.0 11410.0 -0.58 *
Activities (14)
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
Antiarrhythmic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antifatigue Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihypertensive
Antispasmodic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antistroke
Anxiolytic
Beta-Blocker
Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg
Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day
Diuretic
Hypotensive
Vasodilator
CAMPESTEROL Fruit-- 10.0 -0.57 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Activities (2)
Antioxidant IC37=10 uM
Hypocholesterolemic Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
LINALOOL Fruit-- 42.0 -0.57 *
Activities (53)
Acaricide C90=<15 ul/l (=<15 ppm
Allergenic
Analgesic
Anesthetic 0.01-1 ug/ml
Antiacetylcholinesterase
Antiallergic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antianaphylactic
Antibacterial MIC=1,600 ug/ml
Anticariogenic MIC=1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticolic
Anticonvulsant 200 mg/kg ipr mus
Antiedemic
Antiglutamaergic
Antihistaminic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antilymphomic IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/mlChiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.
Antimange
Antimite
Antimutagenic
Antiseptic 5 x phenolWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antishock Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Antispasmodic Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms (Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990.
Antiviral
Barbituate-Synergist
Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
CNS-Depressant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Carminative
Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Cytotoxic
Expectorant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
FLavor FEMA 2-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Acta Botanica Sinica, 32: 49.
GABA-nergic
Hypnotic
Hypothermic
Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
Mosquitofuge > Deet
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Prooxidant Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Sedative 200 mg/kg ipr mus (1% as active as diazepam)
Termitifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml
Tumor-Promoter
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE Fruit-- 6.0 -0.57 *
Activities (11)
Antibacterial Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Dermal Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Emetic
FLavor FEMA 10-130Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Insectiphile Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Laxative
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
P-CYMENE Fruit-- 87.0 -0.57 *
Activities (16)
Analgesic Martindale's 28th
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC40=1.2 mM
Antibacillary
Antibacterial
Antiflu
Antirheumatalgic Martindale's 28th
Antiviral
FLavor FEMA 12-250Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Herbicide IC50=50 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Laxative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Pesticide
Sedative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Trichomonicide LD100=50 ug/ml
DELTA-3-CARENE Fruit-- 30.0 -0.56 *
Activities (8)
Allergenic?
Antibacterial Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994.
Antiinflammatory iprInternat. J. Oriental Med. 15(4): 194, 1990+
Dermatitigenic
FLavor FEMAAloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Pesticide
CINEOLE Plant-- 690.0 -0.55 *
POTASIUM Fruit11000.0 11410.0 -0.55 *
LEAD Plant-- 0.8 -0.55 *
THIAMIN Fruit-- 1.1 -0.54 *
Activities (31)
Analgesic 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
AntiLyme 50 mg
Antialcoholic 50-100 mg/day
Antialzheimeran 100-3,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antianorectic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antibackache 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiberiberi
Anticanker
Anticardiospasmic
Anticataract
Anticolitic
Antidecubitic
Antideliriant
Antidementia
Antidyspeptic
Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Antifatigue Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antigastritic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antihangover 50 mg
Antiheartburn
Antiherpetic
Antimigraine
Antimyocarditic
Antineuralgic 1-4 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antineurasthenic
Antineuritic
Antineuropathic 50 mgWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipoliomyelitic
Insectifuge 75-150 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Neuroprotective
Pesticide
ALUMINUM Plant-- 110.0 -0.54 *
Activities (5)
Antisilicotic Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Antivaginitic Martindale's 28th
Candidicide Martindale's 28th
Encephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Pesticide
ASH Leaf76000.0 89000.0 -0.53 *
1,8-CINEOLE Leaf-- 51.0 -0.52 *
Activities (67)
(-)-Chronotropic 87 nl/mlHansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
(-)-Inotropic 87 nl/mlHansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Acaricide LC100=6 uM
Allelopathic
Allergenic
Anesthetic
Anthelmintic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=41 ug/ml
Antiallergic J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antibacterial 50 ppm
Antibronchitic
Anticariogenic
Anticatarrh Martindale's 29th
Anticholinesterase IC50=50-70
Antifatigue
Antihalitosic American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
Antiinflammatory
Antilaryngitic
Antinociceptive
Antipharyngitic
Antiplaque
Antirheumatic
Antirhinitic
Antiseptic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antisinusitic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic 50 ppm
Antitussive
Antiulcer
CNS-Stimulant
Candidicide
Carcinogenic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Choleretic
Convulsant
Counterirritant Martindale's 29th
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer
Decongestant
Degranulant 0.3 ul/ml
Dentifrice Martindale's 29th
Edemagenic inj
Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA 1-200Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Gastroprotective
Gram(+)icide
Gram(-)icide
Hepatotonic
Herbicide IC50=78 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypotensive
Inflammatory inj
Insectifuge
Irritant Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Myorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Neurotoxic
P450-Inducer
Pediculicide 2.3 x pyrethrin
Perfume Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Rubefacient Martindale's 29th
Secretogogue
Sedative
Spasmogenic
Surfactant
Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer
Transdermal
Trichomonicide LD100=1,000 ug/ml
MERCURY Plant-- 0.05 -0.5 *
Activities (1)
Nephrotoxic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
CALCIUM Leaf10056.0 11166.0 -0.5 *
Activities (28)
AntiPMS 1 g/day
Antiallergic 500 mg/day
Antianxiety Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg
Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day
Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day
Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Aluminum) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihypertensive
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenopausal 1,000-1,500 mg/day
Antiobesity
Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day
Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day
Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day
Antitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anxiolytic 500-1,500 mg/day
Calcium-Channel-Blocker
Diuretic
Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Hypotensive 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg
Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day
Vasodilator
TERPINOLENE Fruit-- 42.0 -0.48 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (9)
Allelochemic
Antifeedant
Antinitrosaminic
Antioxidant
Deodorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-60Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
COBALT Plant-- 0.05 -0.48 *
Activities (2)
Cardiomyopathogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Erythrocytogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
DELTA-CADINENE Fruit-- 51.0 -0.46 *
Activities (9)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Antiacne
Antibacterial MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticariogenic MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antistreptococcic
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer
P450-Inducer
Pesticide
Testosterone-Inducer
ALPHA-TERPINENE Fruit-- 3.0 -0.44 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (13)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Acaricide
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.0 mM
Antinitrosaminic
Antispasmodic
FLavor FEMA 1-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insecticide 0.86 uM/fly
Insectifuge
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.76 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Spasmogenic
LINALOL Leaf-- 5.0 -0.44 *
LIMONENE Leaf-- 15.0 -0.43 *
Activities (60)
AChE-Inhibitor Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Acaricide LC100=8 uM
Allelochemic
Allergenic 1/20th carene
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM
Antiadenomic
Antialzheimeran? Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiasthmatic
Antibacterial Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994.
Anticancer
Antiesophagitic
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory
Antilithic
Antilymphomic
Antimetastatic (Stomach)
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antiobesity
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/mlFitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antitumor
Antitumor (Breast)
Antitumor (Colon)
Antitumor (Pancreas)
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (Stomach)
Antiviral
Apoptotic
Bronchoprotectant
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
Chemopreventive
Cholesterolytic
Detoxicant
Enterocontractant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Expectorant
FLavor
Fungiphilic J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283.
Fungistat
GST-Inducer
Herbicide IC50=45 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Histaminic
Immunomodulator
Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
Irritant
Lipolytic
Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg
NO-Genic
Nematicide IC=100 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet)
Ozone-Scavenger
P450-Inducer
Peristaltic
Pesticide
Photosensitizer Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kgWagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Transdermal
SELENIUM Plant-- 0.04 -0.43 *
Activities (60)
AP-1-Inhibitor 2-50 uM
Analgesic 200 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anorexic Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
AntiHIV
AntiNF-kB
Antiacne 200 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiaggregant Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiangiogenic 2 uM
Antiangiogenic 230 ug/kg orl rat
Antiarthritic
Antiasthmatic
Antiatherosclerotic
Anticataract 400 ug/day
Anticirrhotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticlimacteric 200 ug/day
Anticoronary 200 ug/day
Antidandruff Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidepressant 200 ug/day
Antidote (Mercury) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antifibrotic 400 ug
Antigout 200 ug
Antikeshan Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antileukemic 1.6 mg/kg ipr mus
Antileukotriene Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimaculitic
Antimelanomic 480 ug/kg
Antimenopausal 200 ug/day
Antimetastatic 480 ug/kg
Antimyalgic 200 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoarthritic
Antioxidant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day
Antiparkinsonian 200-400 ug/day
Antiproliferant 2 uM
Antiradicular 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antirheumatic
Antisyndrome-X 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor (Breast) 333.6 ug/day
Antitumor (Breast) 0.8 mg/kg scu mus
Antitumor (Breast) 150 ug/kg diet rat
Antitumor (Breast) 230 ug/kg orl rat
Antitumor (Lung) 240 ug/kg diet
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (brain) 38-150 ug/kg
Antiulcerogenic Rafatullah, S., Tariq, M., Al-Yahya, M.A., Mossa, J.S., and Ageel, A.M. 1989. Evaluation of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) for Gastric and Duodenal Antiulcer Activity in Rats. J. of Ethnopharmacology, 29: 25-34, 1990.
Anxiolytic
Apoptotic
Cancer-Preventive Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cardioprotective 200 ug/day
Depressant Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
Fungicide Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
NF-kB-Inhibitor
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Polyamine-Synthesis-Inhibitor
Prostaglandin-Sparer Fujita, T., Nakatani, E., Funaishi, N., Sakuma, S., Fujimoto, Y. Potent inhibition of prostaglandin inactivation in rabbit gastric antral mucosal slices by selenium ions in-vitro. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 655-657, 1990.
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor IC50=2-50 uM
VEGF-Inhibitor
ALPHA-THUJENE Leaf-- 20.0 -0.42 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
1,8-CINEOLE Fruit-- 142.0 -0.42 *
Activities (67)
(-)-Chronotropic 87 nl/mlHansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
(-)-Inotropic 87 nl/mlHansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Acaricide LC100=6 uM
Allelopathic
Allergenic
Anesthetic
Anthelmintic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=41 ug/ml
Antiallergic J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antibacterial 50 ppm
Antibronchitic
Anticariogenic
Anticatarrh Martindale's 29th
Anticholinesterase IC50=50-70
Antifatigue
Antihalitosic American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
Antiinflammatory
Antilaryngitic
Antinociceptive
Antipharyngitic
Antiplaque
Antirheumatic
Antirhinitic
Antiseptic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antisinusitic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic 50 ppm
Antitussive
Antiulcer
CNS-Stimulant
Candidicide
Carcinogenic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Choleretic
Convulsant
Counterirritant Martindale's 29th
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer
Decongestant
Degranulant 0.3 ul/ml
Dentifrice Martindale's 29th
Edemagenic inj
Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA 1-200Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Gastroprotective
Gram(+)icide
Gram(-)icide
Hepatotonic
Herbicide IC50=78 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypotensive
Inflammatory inj
Insectifuge
Irritant Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Myorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Neurotoxic
P450-Inducer
Pediculicide 2.3 x pyrethrin
Perfume Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Rubefacient Martindale's 29th
Secretogogue
Sedative
Spasmogenic
Surfactant
Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer
Transdermal
Trichomonicide LD100=1,000 ug/ml
CHROMIUM Plant-- 5.0 -0.4 *
Activities (24)
Amphiglycemic? Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
AntiAGE 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
AntiCFS 200 ug
Antiacne
Antiaging 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiatherosclerotic 20 ug/day
Anticorneotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic 200-1,000 ug
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antifatigue 200 ug
Antiglycosuric 200-1,000 ug
Antiobesity 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antisyndrome-X 200-800 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitriglyceride 20 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antitriglyceride 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Cardioprotective
Energizer
Hypocholesterolemic 20 ug/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Hypocholesterolemic 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypoglycemic 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotensive 200-1,000 ugChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Immunomodulator
Insulinogenic
Memorigenic
ALPHA-HUMULENE Fruit-- 405.0 -0.4 *
Activities (2)
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ALPHA-MUUROLENE Fruit-- 315.0 -0.38 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
MYRCENE Fruit-- 45.0 -0.38 *
Activities (22)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allergenic
Analgesic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antibacterial
Anticonvulsant
Antimutagenic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antinitrosaminic
Antinociceptive 10-20 mg/kg ipr musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antinociceptive 20-40 mg/kg scu musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
Antispasmodic Jim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
FLavor FEMA 0.5-9Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypothermic
Insectifuge
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Myorelaxant 100-200 mg/kg
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.14 uM
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
PHYTOSTEROLS Fruit-- 666.0 -0.36 *
Activities (2)
Antiprostatotic
Hypocholesterolemic
CARYOPHYLLENE Fruit-- 1341.0 -0.36 *
Activities (31)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Allergenic
Analgesic Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Antiacne
Antiasthmatic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antibacterial
Anticariogenic MIC=>1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antidermatitic
Antiedemic Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antifeedant 500 ppmKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Antiinflammatory IC50=100 uMShimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antileishmanic
Antionychyotic Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Antiproliferant
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antistreptococcic
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Antiulcer Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Candidicide
FLavor FEMA 20-200Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Gastroprotective Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Insectifuge
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Larvicide
Mosquitocide
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Sedative
Termitifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
GAMMA-TERPINENE Leaf-- 17.0 -0.34 *
Activities (11)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Acaricide
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC23=1.2 mM
Antifeedant Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
FLavor FEMA 1-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
P-CYMENE Leaf-- 78.0 -0.34 *
Activities (16)
Analgesic Martindale's 28th
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC40=1.2 mM
Antibacillary
Antibacterial
Antiflu
Antirheumatalgic Martindale's 28th
Antiviral
FLavor FEMA 12-250Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Herbicide IC50=50 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Laxative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Pesticide
Sedative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Trichomonicide LD100=50 ug/ml
ZINC Fruit11.0 20.0 -0.31 *
Activities (77)
ACE-Inhibitor
Analgesic
AntiBPH 25-60 mg/day
AntiCrohn's Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
AntiHIV
Antiacne 135 mg/day
Antiacrodermatitic 8-34 mg/day/orl/chdMartindale's 29th
Antialcoholic
Antialopecic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antialzheimeran 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiangiogenic
Antianorexic Martindale's 29th
Antiarthritic 50 mg/3x/day/orl/man
Anticanker 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 30 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticoeliac Martindale's 28th
Anticold 50 mgDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticolitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticoronary 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidandruff Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidementia
Antidiabetic 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidote (Cadmium) Let's Live, May 1989.
Antidysgeuzic
Antieczemic 150 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiencephalopathic Martindale's 29th
Antiepileptic 100 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antifibrotic 30 mg
Antifuruncular 45 mg/3x/day/manMartindale's 28th
Antihangover 15 mg
Antiherpetic? 25-60 mg/day
Antiimpotence Martindale's 29th
Antiinfective 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinfertility 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antilepric Martindale's 29th
Antileukonychic
Antilymphomic
Antimaculitic
Antimetastatic
Antineuropathic
Antinyctalopic
Antiobesity 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiosteoporotic
Antiperiodontitic
Antiplaque Martindale's 29th
Antiprolactin Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiprostatitic 50 mg/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antirheumatic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiseptic 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antispare-Tire 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antistomatitic 50 mg/man/3x/dayMartindale's 28th
Antisyndrome-X 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitinnitic 60-120 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antitriglyceride 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiulcer 50 mg/3x/day/manMartindale's 28th
Antiulcer 88 mg/rat/day/15 days
Antiviral? Martindale's 29th
Astringent Martindale's 28th
Collagenic
Copper-Antagonist Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Deodorant Martindale's 29th
Detoxicant (Alcohol)
Ergogenic
Hypotensive 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Immunosuppressant 300 mg/day/6 wks/orl/manMartindale's 29th
Insulinogenic 30 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Leptingenic 30-60 mg/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Mucogenic Li, K.M. Effect of zinc sulphate on acetic acid-induced gastric ulceration in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 657-659, 1990.
NF-kB-Inhibitor
Pesticide
Spermigenic 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Testosteronigenic 60 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Trichomonicide Martindale's 29th
Vulnerary Martindale's 28th
FAT Leaf36000.0 41000.0 -0.31 *
ALPHA-TERPINENE Leaf-- 11.0 -0.31 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (13)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml (weak activity)
Acaricide
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.0 mM
Antinitrosaminic
Antispasmodic
FLavor FEMA 1-40Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Insecticide 0.86 uM/fly
Insectifuge
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.76 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Spasmogenic
MAGNESIUM Fruit1200.0 1480.0 -0.3 *
Activities (65)
AntiCFS
AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg
AntiMS
AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl
AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl
AntiRaynaud's 280-350 mg/day
Antiaggregant 400 mg/day
Antialcoholic
Antianginal 400 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antianorectic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antianxiety 400 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiarrhythmic 400 mg/day
Antiarthritic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiasthmatic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiatherosclerotic 400 mg/day
Anticephalagic
Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day
Anticonvulsant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp.
Anticoronary 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day
Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day
Antienterotic
Antiepileptic 450 mg/day
Antifatigue
Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day
Antigastrotic
Antiglaucomic
Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihypertensive
Antihypoglycemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antilithic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimastalgic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day
Antimigraine 200 mg/day/manWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antimitral-valve-prolapse
Antinephrolytic
Antineurotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl
Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day
Antiretinopathic 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antispasmodic
Antispasmophilic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antistress 500-750 mg/day
Antistroke 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day
CNS-Depressant Facciola, S. 1998. Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, Vista CA. 713 pp.
Calcium-Antagonist
Cardioprotective
Diuretic
Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day
Immunomodulator
Insulinogenic 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Laxative 300-500 mg/day
Litholytic
Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Neurotransmitter
Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day
Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Vasodilator
BORON Fruit9.0 25.0 -0.3 Betting on Boron, Unpublished draft by J. A. Duke on file at USDA, draft and papers relating to boron percentages. Includes Internat. Z. Vit. Ern. Forschung 43:1973 (boron).
Activities (4)
Androgenic 3 mg/man/day
Antiosteoarthritic Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic 3 mg/man/day
Estrogenic 3 mg/man/day
P-CYMEN-8-OL Leaf-- 13.0 -0.28 *
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE Leaf-- 59.0 -0.27 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (11)
Antibacterial Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Dermal Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Emetic
FLavor FEMA 10-130Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Insectiphile Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Laxative
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
ASCORBIC-ACID Fruit-- 426.0 -0.26 *
Activities (112)
Acidulant FEMA 6,000Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Analgesic 5-10 g/day
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
AntiAGE 2,000 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
AntiCFS 500-1,000 mg
AntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/day
AntiCrohn's 50-100 mg/day/orl/manMartindale's 29th
AntiLyme 500-2,000 mg
AntiRaynaud's 500 mg 1-2x/day
Antiaggregant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiaging 400 mg/day
Antiallergic
Antialzheimeran 2,000-6,000 mg/day
Antiarthritic 0.2-1 g/day
Antiasthmatic 1,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticataract 350 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Anticataract 1 g 3x/day
Anticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/day
Anticlimacteric 500-5,000 mg/day
Anticold 1-2 g/man/day
Antidecubitic 500 mg/man/2x/dayMartindale's 28th
Antidementia
Antidepressant 2,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidiabetic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidote (Aluminum) Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antidote (Cadmium) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Paraquat) Martindale's 28th
Antieczemic 3.5-5 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiedemic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiencephalitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiendometriotic 2,000 mg/day
Antifatigue 500-1,000 mg
Antifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mg
Antigallstone 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antigastritic
Antigingivitic
Antiglaucomic 2 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihangover 1,000 mg
Antihemorrhagic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatotoxic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiherpetic 1-5 g/day
Antihistaminic 2 g/day orl man
Antihypertensive
Antiinfertility 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinflammatory Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antilepric 1.5 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antimaculitic
Antimeasles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenopausal 500-5,000 mg/day
Antimigraine Martindale's 29th
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antineuramidase
Antinitrosic 1 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiobesity 1 g 3x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiorchitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/day
Antioxidant 100 ppm
Antiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/day
Antiparotitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipneumonic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antipodriac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipoliomyelitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipyretic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiradicular Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiretinotic
Antirheumatic
Antirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/day
Antiscorbutic 10 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic MIC=3.3-217 mg/mlMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic 4-8 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antishingles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antispasmodic 500-5,000 mg/day
Antistress 500-1,000 mg
Antisyndrome-X 1-4 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor (Gastric)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antiulcer
Antiviral 1-5 g/day
Apoptotic 1-10 mM
Asthma-preventive 1,000 mg/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1.5 g/day/man
Calcium-Antagonist
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Cold-preventive 1-2 g/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Collagenic
Detoxicant
Diuretic 700 mg/man/orl
Fistula-Preventive Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypoglycemic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotensive 1,000 mg/man/day
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Interferonogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Lithogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Mucolytic 1 g/woman/dayMartindale's 28th
Pesticide
Uricosuric 4 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Urinary-Acidulant Martindale's 29th
Vasodilator
Vulnerary Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
ASCORBIC-ACID Leaf2012.0 2067.0 -0.25 *
Activities (112)
Acidulant FEMA 6,000Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Analgesic 5-10 g/day
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
AntiAGE 2,000 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
AntiCFS 500-1,000 mg
AntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/day
AntiCrohn's 50-100 mg/day/orl/manMartindale's 29th
AntiLyme 500-2,000 mg
AntiRaynaud's 500 mg 1-2x/day
Antiaggregant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiaging 400 mg/day
Antiallergic
Antialzheimeran 2,000-6,000 mg/day
Antiarthritic 0.2-1 g/day
Antiasthmatic 1,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiatherosclerotic
Antibacterial Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anticataract 350 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 400 mg/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Anticataract 1 g 3x/day
Anticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/day
Anticlimacteric 500-5,000 mg/day
Anticold 1-2 g/man/day
Antidecubitic 500 mg/man/2x/dayMartindale's 28th
Antidementia
Antidepressant 2,000 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antidiabetic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antidote (Aluminum) Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antidote (Cadmium) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Paraquat) Martindale's 28th
Antieczemic 3.5-5 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiedemic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiencephalitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiendometriotic 2,000 mg/day
Antifatigue 500-1,000 mg
Antifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mg
Antigallstone 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antigastritic
Antigingivitic
Antiglaucomic 2 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antihangover 1,000 mg
Antihemorrhagic 1 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatotoxic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiherpetic 1-5 g/day
Antihistaminic 2 g/day orl man
Antihypertensive
Antiinfertility 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiinflammatory Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antilepric 1.5 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/day
Antimaculitic
Antimeasles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenopausal 500-5,000 mg/day
Antimigraine Martindale's 29th
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antineuramidase
Antinitrosic 1 g/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiobesity 1 g 3x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiorchitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/day
Antioxidant 100 ppm
Antiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/day
Antiparotitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antipneumonic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antipodriac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipoliomyelitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipyretic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.
Antiradicular Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiretinotic
Antirheumatic
Antirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/day
Antiscorbutic 10 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic MIC=3.3-217 mg/mlMartindale's 28th
Antiseptic 4-8 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antishingles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antispasmodic 500-5,000 mg/day
Antistress 500-1,000 mg
Antisyndrome-X 1-4 g/dayChallem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antitumor (Gastric)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antiulcer
Antiviral 1-5 g/day
Apoptotic 1-10 mM
Asthma-preventive 1,000 mg/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1.5 g/day/man
Calcium-Antagonist
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Cold-preventive 1-2 g/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Collagenic
Detoxicant
Diuretic 700 mg/man/orl
Fistula-Preventive Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypoglycemic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotensive 1,000 mg/man/day
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Interferonogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Lithogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Mucolytic 1 g/woman/dayMartindale's 28th
Pesticide
Uricosuric 4 g/man/dayDavies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Urinary-Acidulant Martindale's 29th
Vasodilator
Vulnerary Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
DELTA-CADINENE Leaf-- 50.0 -0.25 *
Activities (9)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Antiacne
Antibacterial MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Anticariogenic MIC800 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antistreptococcic
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer
P450-Inducer
Pesticide
Testosterone-Inducer
CARYOPHYLLENE Leaf-- 760.0 -0.24 *
Activities (31)
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
Allergenic
Analgesic Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Antiacne
Antiasthmatic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antibacterial
Anticariogenic MIC=>1,600 ug/mlMuroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antidermatitic
Antiedemic Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antifeedant 500 ppmKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Antiinflammatory IC50=100 uMShimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antileishmanic
Antionychyotic Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Antiproliferant
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antistreptococcic
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Antiulcer Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Candidicide
FLavor FEMA 20-200Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Gastroprotective Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Insectifuge
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Larvicide
Mosquitocide
Perfumery Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
Sedative
Termitifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
ALPHA-PINENE Leaf-- 20.0 -0.22 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (28)
Allelochemic
Allergenic
Antiacne
Antibacterial
Antifeedant
Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
Antipneumonic
Antiseptic
Antispasmodic
Antistaphylococcic
Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Coleoptophile
Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
Insectifuge 50 ppm
Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Sedative Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Spasmogenic
Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal
ALLO-AROMADENDRENE Leaf-- 12.0 -0.2 *
TERPINOLENE Leaf-- 27.0 -0.2 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (9)
Allelochemic
Antifeedant
Antinitrosaminic
Antioxidant
Deodorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-60Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
IRON Fruit60.0 85.0 -0.19 *
Activities (6)
Antiakathisic Martindale's 29th
Antianemic Martindale's 29th
Anticanker
Anticheilitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Prooxidant
SALICYLATES Fruit5.0 55.0 -0.18 *
Activities (7)
Antiaggregant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antipyretic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antiuricosuric Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hyperglycemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hypoglycemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Uricosuric Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
ALPHA-SELINENE Fruit-- 315.0 -0.18 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (3)
Antimalarial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Antiplasmodial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
TERPINEN-4-OL Fruit-- 1260.0 -0.17 *
Activities (23)
Allelopathic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC21-24=1.2 mM
Antiacne
Antiallergic
Antiasthmatic Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis., 4:203, 1982.
Antibacterial
Antioxidant
Antiseptic Flav. & Frag. J. 9: 129.
Antispasmodic
Antitussive Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis.
Antiulcer
Bacteriostatic Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis.
Diuretic 0.1 ml/rat
Fungicide
Herbicide IC50=200 mMLydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Herbicide IC50=22 uMKeeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge
Irritant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Pesticide
Renoirritant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Spermicide ED100=0.015
Vulnerary Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-91.
MYRCENE Leaf-- 20.0 -0.17 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (22)
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/mlOkamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allergenic
Analgesic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antibacterial
Anticonvulsant
Antimutagenic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antinitrosaminic
Antinociceptive 10-20 mg/kg ipr musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antinociceptive 20-40 mg/kg scu musRao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
Antispasmodic Jim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
FLavor FEMA 0.5-9Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypothermic
Insectifuge
Irritant Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Myorelaxant 100-200 mg/kg
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.14 uM
Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
RIBOFLAVIN Leaf2.3 3.5 -0.16 *
Activities (15)
AntiLyme 50 mg/day
Antiarabiflavinotic 2-10 mg/day orlMartindale's 28th
Anticarpal-Tunnel 50 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticataract 15 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticephalagic
Anticervicaldysplasic 1.6-10 mg/day
Anticheilitic
Antidecubitic
Antiglossitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antikeratitic
Antimigraine
Antioxidant
Antipellagric
Antiphotophobic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
BETA-CAROTENE Fruit-- 4.0 -0.14 *
Activities (53)
Allergenic
Androgenic? Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
AntiPMS
Antiacne Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiaging
Antiarthritic
Antiasthmatic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anticancer Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Anticarcinomic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anticervicaldysplasic
Anticoronary 50 mg/man/2 days
Antihyperkeratotic
Antiichythyotic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antileukoplakic
Antilipoperoxidant IC71=50 ug/ml
Antilupus 150 mg/man/day/2 mosMartindale's 28th
Antimaculitic
Antimastitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antioxidant Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiozenic
Antipapillomic
Antiphotophobic 30-300 mg/man/dayMartindale's 29th
Antipityriasic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiporphyric 30-300 mg/man/dayMartindale's 28th
Antiproliferant Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antipsoriac Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiradicular Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antirheumatic
Antistress Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antitumor Simon, P.W. Carrots and Other Horticultural Crops as a Source of Provitamin A Carotenes. HortScience, 25(12): 1495, 1990.
Antitumor (Breast) IC45=60 ug/ml
Antitumor (CNS) IC43=45 ug/ml
Antitumor (Colon) IC43=45 ug/ml
Antitumor (Lung) IC30=60 ug/ml
Antitumor (Prostate)
Antitumor (Stomach) IC26=45 ug/ml
Antiulcer 12 mg 3x/day/man/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiulcer 15,000-25,000 IU/day
Antixerophthalmic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
COX-1-Inhibitor IC78=50 ug/ml
COX-2-Inhibitor IC82=50 ug/ml
Cancer-Preventive 22 ppmJim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive
Colorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Gastroprotective
Immunostimulant 180 mg/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Interferon-Synergist
Mucogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Phagocytotic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Prooxidant 20 ug/g
Thymoprotective Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
SODIUM Fruit800.0 842.0 -0.1 *
Activities (1)
Hypertensive Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
GAMMA-CADINENE Fruit-- 51.0 -0.08 *
BETA-SITOSTEROL Fruit570.0 590.0 -0.02 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Activities (47)
Androgenic
Angiogenic
Anorexic Martindale's 28th
Antiadenomic Merck 11th Edition
Antiandrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antibacterial Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.
Anticancer (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
Anticancer (Cervix)
Anticancer (Lung)
Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl
Antiestrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antifertility Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antigonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiinflammatory
Antileukemic
Antilymphomic
Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml
Antiophidic 2.3 mg musEconomic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
Antioxidant IC44=10 uM
Antiprogestational Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks
Antiprostatadenomic Merck 11th Edition
Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man
Antipyretic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Antitumor (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
Antitumor (Cervix)
Antitumor (Lung)
Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.
Apoptotic
Artemicide LC50=110 ppmJung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.
Caspase-8-Inducer
Estrogenic
Febrifuge Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Gonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Hepatoprotective
Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orlMartindale's 30th
Hypocholesterolemic 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orlMartindale's 28th
Hypoglycemic Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.
Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day
Pesticide
Spermicide Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat
ALPHA-P-DIMETHYL-STYRENE Leaf-- 9.0 -0.0 *
GAMMA-CADINENE Leaf-- 50.0 0.07 *
EO Leaf7500.0 12500.0 0.08 *
ALPHA-SELINENE Leaf-- 45.0 0.11 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Activities (3)
Antimalarial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Antiplasmodial IC50=>50 ug/mlRukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
EO Fruit20000.0 50000.0 0.15 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
FIBER Leaf175000.0 179000.0 0.22 *
Activities (15)
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker
Antidiabetic
Antihypertensive
Antiobesity
Antitumor Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiulcer Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Beta-Blocker
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cardioprotective
Diuretic
Hypocholesterolemic
Hypotensive 10 g/man/day/orlPizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Hypouricemic
Laxative
Vasodilator
PROTEIN Fruit117000.0 134000.0 0.33 *
CARBOHYDRATES Plant749000.0 757000.0 0.54 *
EUGENOL Leaf8348.0 12000.0 0.59 *
Activities (76)
Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm
Allergenic
Analgesic Merck 11th Edition
Anesthetic 200-400Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
AntiTNF
Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uMPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Antiarachidonate
Antibacterial 500 ppmValnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp.
Antibacterial MBC=400 ug/ml
Anticonvulsant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiedemic 100Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95.
Antiestrogenic
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus
Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM
Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antimitotic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antinitrosating
Antioxidant IC65=30 ppm
Antioxidant 10 uM
Antiprostaglandin 11 uM
Antiprostaglandin IC50=9.2 mM
Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day
Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l
Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml
Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day
Antiseptic 400 ug/ml
Antispasmodic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antithromboxane Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87.
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Antiulcer
Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Apifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
CNS-Depressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC>97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=224 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Carcinogenic? Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Choleretic
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima.
Cytotoxic 25 ug/mlPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Dermatitigenic
Enterorelaxant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
FLavor FEMA 10-500Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Hepatoprotective 100 ppm
Herbicide
Insecticide
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Larvicide
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Neurotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbtChen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633.
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=9.2 uM
Sedative
Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g
Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml
Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Trypsin-Enhancer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93.
Ulcerogenic Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Varroacide
Vasodilator
Vermifuge
CARBOHYDRATE Plant749000.0 757000.0 0.76 *
CALCIUM Fruit7224.0 8000.0 0.96 *
Activities (28)
AntiPMS 1 g/day
Antiallergic 500 mg/day
Antianxiety Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg
Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day
Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Anticlimacteric 1,000-1,500 mg/day
Antidepressant Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Aluminum) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihyperkinetic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihypertensive
Antiinsomniac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antimenopausal 1,000-1,500 mg/day
Antiobesity
Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day
Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day
Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day
Antitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Anxiolytic 500-1,500 mg/day
Calcium-Channel-Blocker
Diuretic
Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Hypotensive 1 g/dayWerbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg
Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day
Vasodilator
P-CYMEN-8-OL Fruit-- 18.0 1.0 *
SPATHULENOL Fruit-- 60.0 1.0 *
GLOBULOL Fruit-- 33.0 1.0 *
VANADIUM Plant-- 0.2 1.0 *
Activities (16)
ATPase-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiatherosclerotic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antidiabetic ?25-100 ug/man/day?Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiinfertility Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiinsulinogenic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antimanic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antisyndrome-X ?25-100 ug/man/day?Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Cancer-Preventive?
Cardioprotective? Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypocholesterolemic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypoglycemic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotensive Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Hypotriglyceridemic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Nephrotoxic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Pancreatoxic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Toxic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
EUGENOL Leaf Essent. Oil-- 792400.0 1.14 *
Activities (76)
Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm
Allergenic
Analgesic Merck 11th Edition
Anesthetic 200-400Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
AntiTNF
Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uMPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Antiarachidonate
Antibacterial 500 ppmValnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp.
Antibacterial MBC=400 ug/ml
Anticonvulsant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiedemic 100Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95.
Antiestrogenic
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus
Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM
Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antimitotic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antinitrosating
Antioxidant IC65=30 ppm
Antioxidant 10 uM
Antiprostaglandin 11 uM
Antiprostaglandin IC50=9.2 mM
Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day
Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l
Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml
Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day
Antiseptic 400 ug/ml
Antispasmodic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antithromboxane Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87.
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Antiulcer
Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Apifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
CNS-Depressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC>97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=224 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Carcinogenic? Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Choleretic
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima.
Cytotoxic 25 ug/mlPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Dermatitigenic
Enterorelaxant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
FLavor FEMA 10-500Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Hepatoprotective 100 ppm
Herbicide
Insecticide
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Larvicide
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Neurotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbtChen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633.
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=9.2 uM
Sedative
Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g
Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml
Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Trypsin-Enhancer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93.
Ulcerogenic Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Varroacide
Vasodilator
Vermifuge
CHAVICOL Fruit1400.0 2400.0 1.39 *
Activities (3)
Fungicide
Nematicide HerbalGram No. 17.
Pesticide
EUGENOL Fruit3500.0 36000.0 1.41 *
Activities (76)
Acaricide LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm
Allergenic
Analgesic Merck 11th Edition
Anesthetic 200-400Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
AntiTNF
Antiaggregant IC50=0.3 uMPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Antiarachidonate
Antibacterial 500 ppmValnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books, New York. 279 pp.
Antibacterial MBC=400 ug/ml
Anticonvulsant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiedemic 100Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95.
Antiestrogenic
Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Antigenotoxic 50-500 mg/kg orl mus
Antiherpetic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antiinflammatory (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM
Antikeratotic IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Antimitotic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antinitrosating
Antioxidant IC65=30 ppm
Antioxidant 10 uM
Antiprostaglandin 11 uM
Antiprostaglandin IC50=9.2 mM
Antipyretic 3 ml/man/day
Antiradicular EC50=2 ul/l
Antisalmonella MIC=400 ug/ml
Antiseptic 3 ml/man/day
Antiseptic 400 ug/ml
Antispasmodic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antistaphylococcic Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antithromboxane Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87.
Antitumor Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Antiulcer
Antiviral IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml
Apifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
CNS-Depressant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
COX-1-Inhibitor IC97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC>97=1,000 uM
COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=129 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=224 uM
Calcium-Antagonist IC50=200 uM gpg
Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Carcinogenic? Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Choleretic
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima.
Cytotoxic 25 ug/mlPhytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Dermatitigenic
Enterorelaxant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
FLavor FEMA 10-500Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Hepatoprotective 100 ppm
Herbicide
Insecticide
Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Larvicide
Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
Nematicide MLC=2,000 ug/mlShoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Neurotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 1 mM rbtChen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633.
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor IC50=9.2 uM
Sedative
Termiticide LD100=5 mg/g
Trichomonicide LD100=300 ug/ml
Trichomonistat IC50=10 ug/mlNigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Trypsin-Enhancer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93.
Ulcerogenic Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93.
Varroacide
Vasodilator
Vermifuge
ALPHA-MUUROLENE Leaf-- 45.0 1.65 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.