| Vulnerary | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
| Vibriocide | |
|
|
| Verrucolytic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
|
| Vermifuge | |
|
|
| Vasodilator | |
|
|
| Varroacide | |
|
|
| Ulcerogenic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
| ETHANOL 5 ml/kg (50%) orl rat |
| EUGENOL |
|
| Tyrosinase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ACETALDEHYDE ID50=43 ug/ml |
| CITRAL ID50=1.5 mM |
|
| Trypsin-Enhancer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93. |
|
|
| Trypanocide | |
|
|
| Trichomonistat | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=10 ug/ml |
|
| Trichomonicide | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| CITRAL LD100=150 ug/ml |
| CITRONELLOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| MENTHONE LD100=600 ug/ml |
| P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
|
| Tremorilytic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Transdermal | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Tranquilizer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
|
| Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
|
| Testosterone-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Termitifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Termiticide | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
| EUGENOL LD100=5 mg/g |
| MENTHOL |
| NERAL LD100=5 mg/g |
|
| Teratogenic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| CITRONELLAL |
| ETHANOL 6,000 orl dog |
|
| Surfactant | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
|
|
| Stomachic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-BISABOLENE |
|
| Spermicide | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
|
| Spasmolytic | |
|
|
| Spasmogenic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
|
| Sedative | |
| Chemicals (13) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL ED 1-32 mg/kg |
| CITRONELLAL ED=1 mg/kg |
| CITRONELLOL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
| MENTHONE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Sclerosant | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ETHANOL |
| MENTHOL |
| PROPIONIC-ACID |
|
| Respiraparalytic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETALDEHYDE |
|
| Refrigerant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Psychoactive | |
|
|
| Protisticide | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
|
| Prostatitigenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CITRAL 185 mg/kg/day/3 ms |
|
| Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 1 mM rbt |
|
| Preservative | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
|
| Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
|
| Pesticide | |
| Chemicals (25) |
|---|
| ACETALDEHYDE |
| ACETIC-ACID |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CAPRYLIC-ACID |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| ETHANOL |
| EUGENOL |
| FORMIC-ACID |
| GERANIAL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| MYRCENE |
| NERAL |
| P-CYMENE |
| PROPIONIC-ACID |
|
| Peristaltic | |
|
|
| Perfumery | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (24) |
|---|
| ACETALDEHYDE FEMA 4-25 |
| ACETIC-ACID FEMA 6,000-40,000 ppm |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-BISABOLENE |
| BETA-PHELLANDRENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| ISOPULEGOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| METHYL-BUTYRATE |
| MYRCENE |
| PROPIONIC-ACID |
| SABINENE |
| TIGLIC-ACID |
|
| Perfume | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ISOAMYL-ALCOHOL |
|
| P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
| CITRAL IC50=1.19 uM |
| CITRONELLAL IC50=1.56 uM |
| MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
| Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
|
| Osteolytic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
|
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
| Nociceptive | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| NO-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| NO-Genic | |
|
|
| NF-kB-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| Neurotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
|
| Neuropathogenic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL 40-100 mg/day/rat |
|
| Neurolytic | Merck 11th Edition |
|
|
| Neurodepressant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Nematicide | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| BORNEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| CITRAL IC52=100 ug/ml |
| CITRONELLAL MIC 1 mg/ml |
| CITRONELLOL MLC=100 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL MLC=2,000 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL IC86=100 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
| MENTHOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MLC=1 mg/ml |
|
| Narcotic | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Myorelaxant | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| CITRAL 200 mg/kg |
| LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
| MENTHOL |
| MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
|
| Mycobactericide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| Mutagenic? | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CITRONELLAL |
|
| Mutagenic | |
|
|
| Mucotropic | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
|
|
| Mucolytic | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
|
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CITRONELLAL |
| EUGENOL |
|
| Mosquitofuge | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
|
| Mosquitocide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Lipolytic | |
|
|
| Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Larvicide | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
|
| Keratitigenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
|
| Juvabional | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
|
| Irritant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (18) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CAPRYLIC-ACID |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| CITRONELLYL-ACETATE |
| DIMETHYL-SULFIDE |
| EUGENOL |
| FORMIC-ACID |
| ISOAMYL-ALCOHOL |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PROPIONIC-ACID |
|
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Insectiphile | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
|
| Insectifuge | |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRONELLAL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL 50 ppm |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Insecticide | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
| EUGENOL |
| LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
| MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
|
| Insect-Repellent | |
|
|
| Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Immunomodulator | |
|
|
| Hypothermic | |
|
|
| Hypotensive | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ETHANOL 1 drink/day |
|
| Hypocalcemic | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ETHANOL 4,000 orl rat |
|
| Hypnotic | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ETHANOL Antidote=Naloxone |
|
| Hypertensive | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ETHANOL >1 drink/day |
|
| Histaminic | |
|
|
| Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL IC50=470 mM |
| CITRAL IC50=115 uM |
| CITRONELLOL IC50=160 uM |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL IC100-2,000 uM |
| LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
| P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
|
| Hepatotoxic | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| EUGENOL 100 ppm |
|
| GST-Inducer | |
|
|
| Glutathionigenic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
|
| Glaucomagenic | |
|
|
| Gastrosedative | Merck 11th Edition |
|
|
| Gastroprotective | Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Fungitoxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
|
| Fungistat | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
|
| Fungicide | |
| Chemicals (17) |
|---|
| ACETALDEHYDE |
| ACETIC-ACID |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| BETA-PHELLANDRENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CAPRYLIC-ACID |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL MIC 625 ug/ml |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIAL |
| GERANIOL IC93=2 mM |
| MENTHONE |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PROPIONIC-ACID 2,500-36,000 |
|
| FLavor | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (25) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE FEMA 10-130 |
| ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
| BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
| BORNEOL FEMA<1 |
| CARYOPHYLLENE FEMA 20-200 |
| CIS-3-HEXENOL FEMA 1-5 |
| CITRAL FEMA 4-170 |
| CITRONELLAL FEMA <1 |
| CITRONELLOL FEMA 1-50 |
| CITRONELLYL-ACETATE FEMA <1-700 |
| CITRONELLYL-FORMATE FEMA 4-100 |
| DIMETHYL-SULFIDE FEMA 0.1-2 |
| EUGENOL FEMA 10-500 |
| FORMIC-ACID FEMA 500-2,500 |
| GERANIOL FEMA 1-10 |
| GERANYL-ACETATE FEMA 1-20 |
| HEXYL-FORMATE FEMA 10-50 |
| ISOPULEGOL FEMA 5-30 |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHONE FEMA 5-50 |
| METHYL-BUTYRATE FEMA 20-100 |
| MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
| P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
| PROPIONIC-ACID FEMA 1-36,000 |
|
| Expectorant | Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PHELLANDRENE |
| CITRAL |
| ETHANOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Estrogenic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
|
| Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
|
| Encephalopathic | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Emetic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| GERANIOL 3 x ipecac |
| ISOAMYL-ALCOHOL |
|
| Embryotoxic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRONELLAL |
| GERANIOL |
|
| Diaphoretic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
|
| Detoxicant | |
|
|
| Dermatitigenic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Dermal | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
|
| Decongestant? | Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL 11 mg/man |
|
| Cytotoxic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL 25 ug/ml |
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. |
|
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Culicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
|
| COX-2-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC>97=1,000 uM |
|
| COX-1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC97=1,000 uM |
|
| Counterirritant | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Corrosive | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
|
| Convulsant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
|
| Congestant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Coleoptophile | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| CNS-Stimulant | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| GERANIOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| CNS-Depressant | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ACETONE |
| ETHANOL |
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Ciliotoxic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Cicatrizant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
| Cholesterolytic | |
|
|
| Choleretic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Chemopreventive | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Cerebrotoxic | J. Aromatherapy 4: 24. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHONE orl man |
|
| Caspase-3-Inducer | |
|
|
| Carminative | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| COPAENE |
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Carcinogenic? | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
|
| Carcinogenic | |
|
|
| Candidistat | |
|
|
| Candidicide | |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
| CAPRYLIC-ACID 300 mg/man/12 x/day |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=2.5 mg/ml |
|
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHONE |
|
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL IC50=224 uM |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Bronchorrheic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
|
| Bronchorelaxant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
|
| Bronchoprotectant | |
|
|
| Bronchomucotropic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Bronchomucolytic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
|
| Bradycardic | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL 65 mg/3 x day/woman |
|
| Barbituate-Synergist | |
|
|
| Astringent | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
|
| Ascaricide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Apoptotic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
| CITRAL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Apifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
|
| Antiyeast | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
| GERANIAL |
|
| Antivulvitic | |
|
|
| Antiviral | |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| AR-CURCUMENE IC50=1,750? |
| BETA-BISABOLENE IC50=1,800? |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
| GERANIAL IC50=16 uM |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antivaginitic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID 1-2% |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Antiulcer | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| AR-CURCUMENE IC45=100 mg/kg |
| BETA-BISABOLENE IC57=100 mg/kg |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| SABINENE |
|
| Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Skin) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
|
| Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antitumor (Liver) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Colon) | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| GERANIAL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antitumor (Cervix) | Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
|
| Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
|
| Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antitubercular | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| AntiTNF | |
|
|
| Antithromboxane | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87. |
|
|
| Antitartar | |
|
|
| Antisyncopic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| FORMIC-ACID |
|
| Antistreptococcic | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.4 mg/ml |
|
| Antistaphylococcic | |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml |
|
| Antispasmodic | Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms (Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990. |
| Chemicals (12) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL ED50=0.008 mg/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
| MENTHOL ED50=0.01 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE ED50=0.044 mg/ml |
| MYRCENE |
| NERAL |
|
| Antisinusitic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antishock | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
|
| Antiseptic | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Chemicals (15) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAPRYLIC-ACID |
| CITRAL 5.2 x phenol |
| CITRONELLAL 3.8 x phenol |
| CITRONELLOL |
| ETHANOL |
| EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
| FORMIC-ACID |
| GERANIOL 7 x phenol |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL 4 x phenol |
| MENTHONE 2.25 x phenol |
| SABINENE |
|
| Antisalmonella | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
|
| Antirhinoviral | Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| AR-CURCUMENE IC50=1,750? |
| BETA-BISABOLENE IC50=1,800? |
|
| Antirheumatic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antiradicular | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL EC50=2 ul/l |
| ISOMENTHONE |
|
| Antipyretic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Antipruritic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ETHANOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Antiprostaglandin | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 11 uM |
|
| Antiproliferant | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-ELEMENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Antipneumonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Antiplasmodial | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| HUMULENE IC50=86 ug/ml |
|
| Antioxidant | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL IC65=30 ppm |
| ISOMENTHONE |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Antiotitic | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
| BORNEOL |
|
| Antionychyotic | Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Antiodontalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antiobesity | |
|
|
| Antinociceptive | Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
| Antinitrosating | |
|
|
| Antinitrosaminic | |
|
|
| Antineuralgic | |
|
|
| Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Antimitotic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antimelanomic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=150 uM/l |
|
| Antimalarial | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| HUMULENE IC50=86 ug/ml |
|
| Antilymphomic | |
|
|
| Antilithic | |
|
|
| Antilisteria | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
| Antileishmanic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
|
| Antikeratotic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
|
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE IC50=100 uM |
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| AntiHIV | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| METHANOL EC50=<20 ug/ml |
|
| Antihistaminic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
|
| Antiherpetic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
|
| Antihelicobacter | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| SABINENE |
|
| Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
|
|
| Antigliomic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
|
| Antigenotoxic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 50-500 mg/kg orl mus |
|
| Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antifeedant | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE 500 ppm |
| EUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antiestrogenic | |
|
|
| Antiesophagitic | |
|
|
| Antiescherichic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
| MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
|
| Antiedemic | Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL 100 |
|
| AntiEBV | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIAL IC50=16 uM |
|
| Antidote | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| METHANOL #NAME? |
|
| Antidermatitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Antidandruff | A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp. |
|
|
| Anticonvulsant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Anticariogenic | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE MIC=>1,600 ug/ml |
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
|
| Anticancer (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
|
| Anticancer (Cervix) | Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
|
| Anticancer | Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CITRAL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antibronchitic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Antibacterial | |
| Chemicals (21) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID 5,000 ppm |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| BORNEOL MIC=125-250 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
| ETHANOL |
| EUGENOL 500 ppm |
| GERANIAL |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625-2.5 |
| MENTHONE MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml |
| MYRCENE |
| NERAL |
| P-CYMENE |
| SABINENE |
|
| Antibacillus | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
| Antibacillary | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antiatherosclerotic | |
|
|
| Antiasthmatic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Antiarachidonate | |
|
|
| Antianaphylactic | |
|
|
| Antialzheimeran? | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
|
| Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CITRAL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
|
| Antiallergenic | |
|
|
| Antiaggregant | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=0.3 uM |
| MENTHOL IC50=750 |
| MENTHONE IC50=750 |
|
| Antiaflatoxin | |
|
|
| Antiadenomic | |
|
|
| Antiacne | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ISOMENTHONE IC50=1.6 mM |
| ISOPULEGOL IC50=2.0 mM |
| LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
| MENTHOL IC50=2.0 mM |
| MENTHONE IC50=1.4 mM |
| P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
|
| Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
|
| Anthelmintic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Anhydrotic | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Anesthetic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ETHANOL 4,000 orl cat |
| EUGENOL 200-400 |
| MENTHOL 2,000 ppm |
|
| Analgesic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Allergenic | |
| Chemicals (14) |
|---|
| ACETONE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CITRAL |
| CITRONELLAL |
| CITRONELLOL |
| ETHANOL |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
| MENTHOL |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Allelopathic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| MENTHONE |
|
| Allelochemic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
| Addictive | Science News, 145: 294. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETALDEHYDE 8 ug/kg |
|
| Acidulant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ACETIC-ACID |
|
| AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
|
| ACE-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
| Acaricide | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| CITRONELLAL |
| EUGENOL LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm |
| FORMIC-ACID |
| LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
| MENTHONE |
|
| Abortifacient | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-BISABOLENE |
|
| (-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
| (-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|