(-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
(-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
Acaricide | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE LC100=6 uM |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
|
ACE-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
Allelochemic | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
|
Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
CAMPHENE |
|
Allergenic | |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
MYRCENE |
|
Analgesic | Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991. |
Chemicals (2) |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Anesthetic | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
|
Anthelmintic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
|
Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=41 ug/ml |
GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
ISOMENTHONE IC50=1.6 mM |
LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
|
Antiacne | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Antiadenomic | |
|
Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antialzheimeran? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antiasthmatic | |
|
Antiatherosclerotic | |
Chemicals (1) |
CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
|
Antibacillary | |
|
Antibacterial | Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994. |
Chemicals (8) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
CARVACROL MIC 170-290 |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antibronchitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Anticancer | Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Anticariogenic | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
|
Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Anticholinesterase | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=50-70 |
|
Anticholinesterase? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
|
Anticonvulsant | |
|
Antidiuretic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-92. |
|
Antiesophagitic | |
|
Antifatigue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
|
Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antiinflammatory | |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
CARVACROL IC50=4 uM |
LIMONENE |
|
Antilaryngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antilithic | |
|
Antilithic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antilymphomic | |
|
Antimelanomic | |
Chemicals (1) |
CARVACROL IC50=120 uM/l |
|
Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
Antimutagenic | Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991. |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Antinitrosaminic | |
|
Antinociceptive | Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
Antiobesity | |
|
Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
Chemicals (5) |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
ISOMENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
|
Antioxidant (LDL) | |
Chemicals (1) |
CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
|
Antipharyngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antiplaque | Osawa, K., Matsumoto, T., Maruyama, T., Takiguchi, T., Okuda, K., and Takazoe, I., Studies of the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and their constituents against periodontopathic bacteria, Bull Tokyo Dent. Coll., 31 (1), 1990, 17-21 |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
|
Antipneumonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Antiproliferant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Antiprostaglandin | |
|
Antiradicular | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL 600 x thymol |
ISOMENTHONE |
|
Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Antirheumatic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antirhinitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antiseptic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
CARVACROL 1.5 x phenol |
LIMONENE |
|
Antisinusitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antispasmodic | Jim Duke's personal files. |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNYL-ACETATE ED50=0.09 mg/ml |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
MYRCENE |
|
Antistaphylococcic | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CARVACROL |
|
Antistreptococcic | |
|
Antitumor | |
|
Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
Antitumor (Colon) | |
|
Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
|
Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
Antitussive | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
|
Antiulcer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antiviral | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Apoptotic | |
|
Bronchoprotectant | |
|
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
|
Candidicide | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL MIC<0.1 ug/ml |
|
Candidistat | |
|
Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Carminative | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
|
Chemopreventive | |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Choleretic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Cholesterolytic | |
|
Cicatrizant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
CNS-Stimulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Coleoptophile | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Convulsant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Counterirritant | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
CARVACROL #NAME? |
|
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Decongestant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Degranulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 0.3 ul/ml |
|
Dentifrice | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Detoxicant | |
|
Edemagenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
Expectorant | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE |
|
FLavor | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (11) |
1,8-CINEOLE FEMA 1-200 |
3-OCTANOL FEMA |
ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
BORNYL-ACETATE FEMA 70-80 |
CAMPHENE FEMA 15-175 |
CARVACROL FEMA 10-125 |
GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
|
Fungicide | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
Fungistat | |
|
Gastroprotective | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Gram(+)icide | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Gram(-)icide | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
GST-Inducer | |
|
Hepatotonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=78 uM |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
|
Histaminic | |
|
Hypocholesterolemic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Hypotensive | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Hypothermic | |
|
Immunomodulator | |
|
Inflammatory | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Insecticide | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
|
Insectifuge | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (9) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Insectiphile | J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CARVACROL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
Lipolytic | |
|
Mosquitofuge | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
|
Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Myorelaxant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
|
Nematicide | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
CARVACROL MLC=1 mg/ml |
LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
|
Neurotoxic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
NO-Genic | |
|
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
LIMONENE |
|
Pediculicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 2.3 x pyrethrin |
|
Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (5) |
3-OCTANOL |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Peristaltic | |
|
Pesticide | |
Chemicals (10) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
Prostaglandin-Inhibitor | |
|
Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Secretogogue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Sedative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BORNYL-ACETATE |
LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
P-CYMENE |
|
Spasmogenic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CAMPHENE |
|
Surfactant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Termiticide | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
|
Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Tracheorelaxant | |
|
Tranquilizer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Transdermal | |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Trichomonicide | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE LD100=1,000 ug/ml |
CARVACROL LD100=150 ug/ml |
P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
|
Vermifuge | |
|
Vulnerary | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|