| (-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
| (-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
| 11B-HSD-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| ABeta-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Acaricide | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE LC100=6 uM |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
| THYMOL |
|
| ACE-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
| AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| PULEGONE |
|
| Adenylate-Cyclase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
| LINARIN IC20=10 uM |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
| NARINGENIN IC25=1 uM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Allelochemic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| LIMONENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CAMPHENE |
|
| Allergenic | |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARVACROL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
| MYRCENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Allergenic? | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-3-CARENE |
|
| Analgesic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| THYMOL |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Ancylostomicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Androgenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Anesthetic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARVACROL |
| LINALYL-ACETATE 0.01-1 ug/ml |
| THYMOL |
|
| Angiogenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Ankylostomacide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Anorexic | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Anthelmintic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARVACROL |
| GERANIOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
|
| Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=41 ug/ml |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=1.0 mM |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
| ISOMENTHONE IC50=1.6 mM |
| LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
| NARINGENIN |
| P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
| PULEGONE IC50=0.9 mM |
|
| Antiacne | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiadenomic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antiaflatoxin | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN IC50=12 uM |
|
| Antiaggregant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| THYMOL IC50=0.75 |
|
| Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antialzheimeran | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antialzheimeran? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CARVACROL |
| LIMONENE |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiamnesic | |
|
|
| Antiamyloid-Beta | |
|
|
| Antianaphylactic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 1-100 mg/kg orl |
|
| Antiandrogenic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Antiarrhythmic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antiarthritic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| THYMOL |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antiasthmatic | |
|
|
| Antiatherosclerotic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=0.74 uM |
| THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
| Antibacillary | |
|
|
| Antibacterial | Planta Medica, 57: A43, 1991. |
| Chemicals (19) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNEOL MIC=125-250 ug/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CARVACROL MIC 170-290 |
| DELTA-3-CARENE |
| GENKWANIN |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
| NARINGENIN MIC=250-500 ug/ml |
| P-CYMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| SABINENE |
| THYMOL MIC=50-400 ug/ml |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antibronchitic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Anticancer | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| LIMONENE |
| NARINGENIN |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Anticancer (Breast) | Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Anticancer (Cervix) | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Anticancer (Colon) | Ringbom, T., Seguar, L., Noreen, Y., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Ursolic Acid from Plantago major, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. J. Nat. Prod., 61(10): 1212-1215. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Anticancer (Lung) | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Anticancer (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
|
| Anticarcinomic | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Anticariogenic | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Anticholestatic | Shukla, B., Visen, P.K.S., Patnaik, G.K., Tripathi, S.C., Srimal, R.C., Dayal, R., and Dobhal, P.C. Hepatoprotective Activity in the Rat of Ursolic Acid Isolated from Eucalyptus Hybrid. Phytotherapy Research 6: 74-79, 1992. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID 28-100 mg/kg orl |
|
| Anticholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=50-70 |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Anticholinesterase? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
|
|
| Anticoagulant | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Anticomplement | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC100 0.1 mM/l gpg |
|
| Anticomplementary | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 1/2 aspirin |
|
| Anticonvulsant | |
|
|
| Antidepressant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antidiabetic | Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antidiuretic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-92. |
|
|
| AntiEBV | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antiedemic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL IC54=320 mg/kg orl |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 0.316-3.16 mg/kg ims |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antiescherichic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
| NARINGENIN |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antiesophagitic | |
|
|
| Antiestrogenic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| NARINGENIN |
|
| Antifatigue | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Antifertility | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Antifibrosarcomic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC80=10 uM |
|
| Antifibrotic | |
|
|
| Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antigonadotrophic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Antigonadotropic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antihelicobacter | |
|
|
| Antihemolytic | Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 729, 1988. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC70=5-10 um/l |
|
| Antihepatotoxic | Shukla, B., Visen, P.K.S., Patnaik, G.K., Tripathi, S.C., Srimal, R.C., Dayal, R., and Dobhal, P.C. Hepatoprotective Activity in the Rat of Ursolic Acid Isolated from Eucalyptus Hybrid. Phytotherapy Research 6: 74-79, 1992. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| URSOLIC-ACID 5-20 mg/kg ipr |
|
| Antiherpetic | Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 50 ug/ml |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antihistaminic | Ortiz De Urbina, A.V., Martin, M.L., Montero, M.J., Carron, R., Sevilla, M.A., San Roman, L. 1989. Antihistaminic activity of pulegone on the guinea-pig ileum. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 295-296, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| PULEGONE |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| AntiHIV | Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN IC35=200 ug/ml |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID EC50=40 ug/ml |
| URSOLIC-ACID EC50=2.0 ug/ml |
|
| Antihyperlipidemic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antihyperlipoproteinaemic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Antihyperthyroid | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Chemicals (13) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNEOL |
| CARVACROL IC50=4 uM |
| DELTA-3-CARENE ipr |
| LIMONENE |
| NARINGENIN 20 ppm |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC~58=1,000 uM |
| THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
| URSOLIC-ACID 1/3 indomethacin |
|
| Antiintegrase | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 10 ug/ml |
|
| Antilaryngitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antileishmanic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID ED50=20 uM |
|
| Antilepric | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Antileukemic | Life Sciences 55: 1061. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| NARINGENIN IC50=>10 ug/ml |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=2.5-17.8 ug/ml |
|
| Antileukotriene | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antilipoperoxidant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antilithic | |
|
|
| Antilithic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Antilymphomic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| LIMONENE |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antimalarial | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=28-37 ug/ml |
|
| Antimelanomic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARVACROL IC50=120 uM/l |
| GERANIOL IC50=150 uM/l |
| THYMOL IC50=120 uM/l |
|
| Antimetastatic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC80=10 uM |
|
| Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antimutagenic | Maga, J.A. Contribution of Phenolic Compounds to Smoke Flavor. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.13. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL 250 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
| NARINGENIN ID50=50-100 nM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC57-80=80 mg/kg |
|
| Antinephritic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=6-7.5 uM |
|
| Antineuritic | |
|
|
| Antinitrosaminic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| MYRCENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Antinociceptive | Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
| Antiobesity | |
|
|
| Antiobesity? | Internat. J. Oriental Med. 16: 4. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antiophidic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL 2.3 mg mus |
|
| Antiotitic | |
|
|
| Antioxidant | Jimenez, J., Navarro, M.C., Montilla, M.P., Martin, A. and Martinez, A. 1993. Thymus zygis Oil: Its Effects on CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Free Radical Scavenger Activity. JEO5: 153-8. |
| Chemicals (12) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL IC44=10 uM |
| CAMPHENE |
| CARVACROL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| ISOMENTHONE |
| LINALYL-ACETATE 400 ppm |
| MYRCENE |
| NARINGENIN 7 x quercetin |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID EC50=2.7 ug/ml |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL 100 ppm |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=10 uM |
|
| Antioxidant (LDL) | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=0.74 uM |
| THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
| Antiperiodontic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
| Antiperistaltic | |
|
|
| Antiperoxidant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC35=200 ug/ml |
|
| Antiperoxidative | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Antipharyngitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antiplaque | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARVACROL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| THYMOL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
|
| Antiplasmodial | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=28-37 ug/ml |
|
| Antipneumonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Antiprogestational | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Antiproliferant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antiproliferative | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=15-20 uM |
|
| Antiprostaglandin | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL 30 mg/day/12 wks |
| CARVACROL |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 20 mg/kg ivn |
|
| Antiprostatadenomic | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Antiprostatitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man |
|
| Antiproteolytic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=0.9 mol l |
|
| Antipulmonotic | Tyler, V.E.. 1994. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antipyretic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNEOL |
| PULEGONE |
|
| Antiradicular | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| CARVACROL 600 x thymol |
| ISOMENTHONE |
| NARINGENIN 7 x quercetin |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| THYMOL EC=60 |
|
| Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antirheumatic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antirhinitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antisalmonella | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiseptic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARVACROL 1.5 x phenol |
| GERANIOL 7 x phenol |
| LIMONENE |
| SABINENE |
| THYMOL 20 x phenol |
|
| Antishock | Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 735, 1988. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antisindhis | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN IC50=15 ug/ml |
|
| Antisinusitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antispasmodic | |
| Chemicals (13) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL ED50=0.008 mg/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE ED50=0.09 mg/ml |
| CARVACROL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
| LINALYL-ACETATE ED50=0.21 mg/ml |
| MYRCENE |
| NARINGENIN |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antistaphylococcic | |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
| CARVACROL |
| NARINGENIN |
| THYMOL |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antistreptococcic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARVACROL |
| THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
| AntiTGF-beta | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=6-7.5 uM |
|
| Antithromboxane | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=50 uM |
|
| Antithyreotropic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antithyroid | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antitrichinosic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Antitrypanosomic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitubercular | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| Antitumor | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| NARINGENIN |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitumor (brain) | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitumor (Breast) | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| LIMONENE |
| URSOLIC-ACID 0.5% diet |
|
| Antitumor (Cervix) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitumor (Colon) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitumor (Lung) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitumor (Ovary) | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Stomach) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=15-20 uM |
|
| Antitumor-Promoter | Planta Medica, 57: A56, 1991. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antitussive | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARVACROL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiulcer | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| NARINGENIN |
| SABINENE |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Antiuremic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antiviral | Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE |
| NARINGENIN IC50=15 ug/ml |
| P-CYMENE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID EC50=40 ug/ml |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC85=18 ug/ml |
|
| Antiyeast | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
| Anxiolytic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Aphidifuge | |
|
|
| Apoptotic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| LIMONENE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Aromatase-Inhibitor | Journal of Medicinal Food 2: 235.1999. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN IC45=1 uM/l |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Artemicide | Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL LC50=110 ppm |
|
| Ascaricide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Ataxigenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
|
| Avifuge | |
|
|
| Beta-Blocker | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID ~100 mg/kg |
|
| Bronchoprotectant | |
|
|
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=1.2 uM rbt |
|
| cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
|
|
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| NARINGENIN |
| PULEGONE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Candidicide | |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
| CARVACROL MIC<0.1 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL |
| NARINGENIN |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL 100 ug/ml (>Nystatin) |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Candidistat | |
|
|
| Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Cardioprotective | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Cardiotonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Carminative | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARVACROL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Caspase-8-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Cerebrotoxic | J. Aromatherapy 4: 24. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| PULEGONE orl man |
|
| Chemopreventive | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Choleretic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| NARINGENIN |
| URSOLIC-ACID 5-20 mg/kg orl |
|
| Cholesterolytic | |
|
|
| Cicatrizant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
| CNS-Depressant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| CNS-Stimulant | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| GERANIOL |
|
| CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Coleoptophile | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Convulsant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Counterirritant | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL |
|
| COX-1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC58=1,000 uM |
|
| COX-2-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC>58=1,000 uM |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=130 uM/ |
|
| Culicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | Ringbom, T., Seguar, L., Noreen, Y., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Ursolic Acid from Plantago major, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. J. Nat. Prod., 61(10): 1212-1215. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARVACROL #NAME? |
| THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. |
|
|
| Cytotoxic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID TC50=100-150 ug/ml |
| URSOLIC-ACID 50 ppm |
|
| Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Decongestant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Degranulant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 0.3 ul/ml |
|
| Deiodinase-Inhibitor | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Dentifrice | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Deodorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Dermatitigenic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DELTA-3-CARENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Detoxicant | |
|
|
| Diuretic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Edemagenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
| Elastase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=~15 uM |
|
| Embryotoxic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| GERANIOL |
| NARINGENIN |
|
| Emetic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-97. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL 3 x ipecac |
|
| Encephalopathic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| PULEGONE 80 mg/kg orl rat |
|
| Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
|
| Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARVACROL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Enterotoxic | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
|
|
| Estrogenic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| NARINGENIN EC50=0.1-25 uM/l |
|
| Expectorant | |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CAMPHENE |
| CARVACROL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Febrifuge | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| FLavor | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (22) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE FEMA 1-200 |
| 3-OCTANOL FEMA |
| ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
| BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
| BORNEOL FEMA<1 |
| BORNYL-ACETATE FEMA 70-80 |
| CAMPHENE FEMA 15-175 |
| CARVACROL FEMA 10-125 |
| DELTA-3-CARENE FEMA |
| DIHYDROCARVYL-ACETATE FEMA 5-500 |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
| GERANIOL FEMA 1-10 |
| GERANYL-ACETATE FEMA 1-20 |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALYL-ACETATE FEMA 2-15 |
| MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
| P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
| PULEGONE FEMA 5-30 |
| TERPINOLENE FEMA 15-60 |
| THYMOL FEMA 2-100 |
|
| Fungicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Chemicals (11) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARVACROL |
| GERANIOL IC93=2 mM |
| MYRCENE |
| NARINGENIN 2.5 mM |
| P-CYMENE |
| PRUNIN 2.5 mM |
| PULEGONE |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
|
| Fungistat | Weidenborner, M., Hindorf, H., Jha, H.C., and Tsotsonos, P. 1989. Antifungal Activity of Flavonoids Against Storage Fungi of the Genus Aspergillus. Phytochemistry. 29(4): 1103-1105. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| NARINGENIN |
|
| Gastroirritant | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Gastroprotective | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Glutathionalytic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
|
|
| Gonadotrophic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Gram(+)icide | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
| Gram(-)icide | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
| GST-Inducer | |
|
|
| Hallucinogenic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
|
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNEOL |
| NARINGENIN IC50=12 uM |
| URSOLIC-ACID 1-100 ug/ml |
|
| Hepatotonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Hepatotoxic | Lewis, E.J. and Friedrich, E.C. 1989. The Essential Oil of Poliomintha incana. Planta Medica 56(2): 224-226, 1990. |
|
|
| Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=78 uM |
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL IC50=470 mM |
| GERANIOL IC100-2,000 uM |
| LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
| P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
| PULEGONE IC50=1.5 uM |
|
| Histaminic | |
|
|
| Hypocholesterolemic | Choi, J.S., Yokozawa,* T., and Oura, H. Antihyperlipidemic Effect Of Flavonoids From Prunus davidiana. Journal of Natural Products, 54(1): 218-224, 1991. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL 2-6 g/man/day/orl |
| PRUNIN |
|
| Hypocholesterolemic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Hypoglycemic | Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| PRUNIN |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Hypolipemic | Choi, J.S., Yokozawa, T., and Oura, H. 1990. Improvement of Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipemia in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats by a Methanolic Extract of Prunus davidiana Stems and Its Main Component, Prunin. Planta Medica, 57: 208. |
|
|
| Hypolipidemic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL 2-6 g/day |
|
| Hypotensive | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Hypothermic | |
|
|
| Immunomodulator | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Immunostimulant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Inflammatory | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
| Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Insect-Repellent | |
|
|
| Insecticide | |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE 0.86 uM/fly |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
| LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
| OCIMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CAMPHENE |
| CARVACROL |
| DELTA-3-CARENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIOL 50 ppm |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Insectiphile | J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
|
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Irritant | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
| Chemicals (11) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARVACROL |
| DELTA-3-CARENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Larvicide | Berenbaum, M. R., The natives knew, Chemtech, (May), 1990, 275-279. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| THYMOL 10 ppm |
|
| Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
|
| Leucocytogenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Lipolytic | |
|
|
| Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| URSOLIC-ACID IC50=0.18 mM |
|
| MMP-9-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC80=10 uM |
|
| Molluscicide | |
|
|
| Mosquitofuge | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
|
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| LINALYL-ACETATE |
|
| Mycobactericide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| Myorelaxant | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
| MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
| THYMOL |
|
| Nematicide | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| BORNEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| CARVACROL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| GERANIOL IC86=100 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
| THYMOL MLC=0.1 mg/ml |
|
| Nephrotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
|
| Neuroprotective | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Neurotoxic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| PULEGONE |
|
| NO-Genic | |
|
|
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Oviposition-Stimulant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
|
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=0.76 uM |
| MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
| P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| P450-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| Pediculicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 2.3 x pyrethrin |
|
| Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 3-OCTANOL |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LINALYL-ACETATE |
| MYRCENE |
| OCIMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Peristaltic | |
|
|
| Pesticide | |
| Chemicals (25) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CAMPHENE |
| CARVACROL |
| DELTA-3-CARENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GENKWANIN |
| GERANIOL |
| GERMACRENE-D |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
| NARINGENIN |
| P-CYMENE |
| PRUNIN |
| PULEGONE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Pheromone | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERMACRENE-D |
|
| Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
|
| Pigment | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Piscicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Potassium-Sparing | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID 3 mg/rat |
|
| Prostaglandin-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| Protease-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID IC85=18 ug/ml |
|
| Protisticide | Chemical Express, 7: 285, 1992. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Pulifuge | |
|
|
| Pulmonotoxic | |
|
|
| Purgative | |
|
|
| Quinone-Reductase-Inducer | Lee, S. K., Song, Y., Mata-Greenwood, E., Kelloff, G. J., Steele, V. E., Pezzuto, J. M. 1999. Modulation of in vitro Biomarkers of the Carcinogenic Process by Chemopreventive Agents. Anticancer Res., 19: 35-44. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID 5 ug/ml |
|
| Radioprotective | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Secretogogue | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Sedative | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (12) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
| LINALYL-ACETATE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Serotonin-Inhibitor | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Sodium-Sparing | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID 3 mg/rat |
|
| Spasmogenic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHENE |
|
| Spermicide | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Sprout-Inhibitor | Duke, J.A.. Personal Communication. |
|
|
| Surfactant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Teratogenic | |
|
|
| Termiticide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
|
| Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| TNF-alpha-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN IC50=14.41 uM |
|
| TOPO-2-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor | Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health, 14: 223-237. |
|
|
| Tracheorelaxant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARVACROL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Tranquilizer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
|
| Transdermal | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Trichomonicide | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE LD100=1,000 ug/ml |
| CARVACROL LD100=150 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
| THYMOL LD100=25 ug/ml |
|
| Trypanocide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Ubiquiot | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL |
|
| Ulcerogenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-SITOSTEROL 500 mg/kg ipr rat |
|
| Urinary-Antiseptic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
|
|
| Uterotrophic | Journal of Medicinal Food 2: 227.1999. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| NARINGENIN EC50=0.1-25 uM/l |
|
| Varroacide | |
|
|
| Vasopressor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| URSOLIC-ACID |
|
| Vermicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Vermifuge | |
|
|
| Vulnerary | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|