Pesticide | |
Chemicals (27) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ACETALDEHYDE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
BETA-TERPINEOL |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
GERMACRENE-D |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOFURAN |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PIPERITENONE-OXIDE |
PIPERITONE |
PULEGONE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
FLavor | |
Chemicals (25) |
1,8-CINEOLE FEMA 1-200 |
3-OCTANOL FEMA |
ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
ALPHA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
BENZALDEHYDE FEMA 150-800 |
BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
BORNEOL FEMA<1 |
CAMPHENE FEMA 15-175 |
CARVACROL FEMA 10-125 |
ETHYL-BUTYRATE FEMA 30-1,400 |
ETHYL-CINNAMATE FEMA 4-40 |
ETHYL-PALMITATE FEMA 20-50 |
EUGENOL FEMA 10-500 |
GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
ISOPULEGOL FEMA 5-30 |
LIMONENE |
MENTHONE FEMA 5-50 |
MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
PIPERITONE FEMA 1-2 |
PULEGONE FEMA 5-30 |
TERPINOLENE FEMA 15-60 |
THYMOL FEMA 2-100 |
DIETHYL-MALONATE FEMA 2-20 |
|
Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (22) |
3-OCTANOL |
ACETALDEHYDE FEMA 4-25 |
ALPHA-HUMULENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
BETA-TERPINEOL |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
ISOPULEGOL |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
NEOMENTHOL |
PIPERITENONE |
PIPERITONE |
PULEGONE |
SABINENE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
Chemicals (17) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BENZALDEHYDE 50 ppm |
BETA-PINENE |
BETA-TERPINEOL |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PIPERITONE (> DEET) |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Antibacterial | |
Chemicals (16) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BORNEOL MIC=125-250 ug/ml |
CARVACROL MIC 170-290 |
EUGENOL 500 ppm |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625-2.5 |
MENTHONE MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PULEGONE |
SABINENE |
THYMOL MIC=50-400 ug/ml |
|
Antispasmodic | |
Chemicals (14) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL ED50=0.008 mg/ml |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
MENTHOL ED50=0.01 mg/ml |
MENTHONE ED50=0.044 mg/ml |
MYRCENE |
NEOMENTHOL ED50=0.033 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Antiseptic | |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
CARVACROL 1.5 x phenol |
EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL 4 x phenol |
MENTHONE 2.25 x phenol |
SABINENE |
THYMOL 20 x phenol |
|
Irritant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
THYMOL |
|
Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=41 ug/ml |
ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=1.0 mM |
GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
ISOMENTHOL IC29=1.2 mM |
ISOMENTHONE IC50=1.6 mM |
ISOPULEGOL IC50=2.0 mM |
LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
MENTHOL IC50=2.0 mM |
MENTHONE IC50=1.4 mM |
P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
PIPERITENONE IC50=110 ug/ml |
PULEGONE IC50=0.9 mM |
|
Fungicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ACETALDEHYDE |
BORNEOL |
CARVACROL |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PULEGONE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Nematicide | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
BENZALDEHYDE MLC=1 mg/ml |
BORNEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
CARVACROL MLC=1 mg/ml |
ETHYL-CINNAMATE MLC=1,000 uM |
EUGENOL MLC=2,000 ug/ml |
LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
MENTHOFURAN MLC=1 mg/ml |
MENTHOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MLC=1 mg/ml |
THYMOL MLC=0.1 mg/ml |
|
Insecticide | |
Chemicals (12) |
ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 0.86 uM/fly |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
PIPERITENONE-OXIDE |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
Antiinflammatory | |
Chemicals (11) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CARVACROL IC50=4 uM |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
Sedative | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
Chemicals (11) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
MENTHONE |
P-CYMENE |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Candidicide | |
Chemicals (10) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
CARVACROL MIC<0.1 ug/ml |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=2.5 mg/ml |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL 100 ug/ml (>Nystatin) |
|
Allergenic | |
Chemicals (10) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
THYMOL |
|
Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
Chemicals (9) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=78 uM |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL IC50=470 mM |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
PIPERITONE IC50=30 mM |
PULEGONE IC50=1.5 uM |
|
Antioxidant | |
Chemicals (8) |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL IC65=30 ppm |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
ISOMENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL 100 ppm |
|
Antistaphylococcic | |
Chemicals (8) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Analgesic | Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991. |
Chemicals (7) |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
THYMOL |
|
Acaricide | |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE LC100=6 uM |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
EUGENOL LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
MENTHONE |
THYMOL |
|
Expectorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antifeedant | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (7) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Transdermal | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
|
Anesthetic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL 200-400 |
MENTHOL 2,000 ppm |
THYMOL |
|
Myorelaxant | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
THYMOL |
|
Trichomonicide | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE LD100=1,000 ug/ml |
CARVACROL LD100=150 ug/ml |
EUGENOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
MENTHONE LD100=600 ug/ml |
P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
THYMOL LD100=25 ug/ml |
|
Spasmogenic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
CAMPHENE |
|
Antitumor | |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-HUMULENE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antisalmonella | |
Chemicals (5) |
BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
EUGENOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE |
MENTHONE |
PULEGONE |
|
Antiradicular | Jimenez, J., Navarro, M.C., Montilla, M.P., Martin, A. and Martinez, A. 1993. Thymus zygis Oil: Its Effects on CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Free Radical Scavenger Activity. JEO5: 153-8. |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL 600 x thymol |
EUGENOL EC50=2 ul/l |
ISOMENTHONE |
THYMOL EC=60 |
|
Termiticide | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
BENZALDEHYDE LD100=5 mg/g |
EUGENOL LD100=5 mg/g |
MENTHOL |
|
Allelochemic | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
LIMONENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antibronchitic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Choleretic | |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
Chemicals (4) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Antiaggregant | |
Chemicals (4) |
EUGENOL IC50=0.3 uM |
MENTHOL IC50=750 |
MENTHONE IC50=750 |
THYMOL IC50=0.75 |
|
Larvicide | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
EUGENOL |
MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
THYMOL 10 ppm |
|
Carminative | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antialzheimeran? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Antipyretic | |
Chemicals (4) |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
MENTHOL |
PULEGONE |
|
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
CAMPHENE |
MENTHONE |
|
Antiviral | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
ACE-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
Calcium-Antagonist | |
Chemicals (4) |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE ED50=32 uM gpg |
EUGENOL IC50=224 uM |
MENTHOFURAN IC50=441 uM gpg (weak activity) |
MENTHOL |
|
Antitussive | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
THYMOL |
|
Antinitrosaminic | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
MYRCENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Dermatitigenic | |
Chemicals (3) |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=0.76 uM |
MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
Antiacne | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antihistaminic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
Chemicals (3) |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
PULEGONE |
|
Neurotoxic | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
EUGENOL |
PULEGONE |
|
Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antiescherichic | |
Chemicals (3) |
BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
|
Counterirritant | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
CNS-Stimulant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Antiasthmatic | |
Chemicals (3) |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
PIPERITONE |
|
Antirheumatic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Anthelmintic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
THYMOL |
|
Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
EUGENOL |
|
Anticariogenic | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Antistreptococcic | |
Chemicals (3) |
CARVACROL |
MENTHOL MIC=0.4 mg/ml |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Antiplaque | Osawa, K., Matsumoto, T., Maruyama, T., Takiguchi, T., Okuda, K., and Takazoe, I., Studies of the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and their constituents against periodontopathic bacteria, Bull Tokyo Dent. Coll., 31 (1), 1990, 17-21 |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
THYMOL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
|
Antiulcer | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
EUGENOL |
SABINENE |
|
Anticholinesterase | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=50-70 |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Anticancer | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
LIMONENE |
|
Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
|
(-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
Vermifuge | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
|
Cerebrotoxic | J. Aromatherapy 4: 24. |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHONE orl man |
PULEGONE orl man |
|
Antilisteria | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
Hepatoprotective | |
Chemicals (2) |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL 100 ppm |
|
Culicide | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
Antioxidant (LDL) | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
Antinociceptive | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
Varroacide | |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL |
THYMOL |
|
Hepatotoxic | Lewis, E.J. and Friedrich, E.C. 1989. The Essential Oil of Poliomintha incana. Planta Medica 56(2): 224-226, 1990. |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOFURAN |
PULEGONE |
|
Antiprostaglandin | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL 11 uM |
|
Gram(-)icide | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
PULEGONE |
|
(-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
Deodorant | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (2) |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Antibacillary | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antimelanomic | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL IC50=120 uM/l |
THYMOL IC50=120 uM/l |
|
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ACETALDEHYDE ID50=43 ug/ml |
BENZALDEHYDE ID50=820 uM |
|
Tranquilizer | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
|
Antiherpetic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Rubefacient | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
|
Antiedemic | Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990. |
Chemicals (2) |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL 100 |
|
Convulsant | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
|
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
CNS-Depressant | |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Chemopreventive | |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Antisinusitic | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
|
P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
LIMONENE |
|
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL #NAME? |
THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
Gram(+)icide | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Pulmonotoxic | De Smet, P.A.G.M., Keller, K., Hansel, R. and Chandler, R.F., eds. 1993. Adverse Effects of Herbal Drugs 2. Springr-Verlag, Berlin. 348pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOFURAN |
PULEGONE |
|
Anticonvulsant | |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL |
MYRCENE |
|
Antiatherosclerotic | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
Dentifrice | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL |
|
Tracheorelaxant | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL |
THYMOL |
|
Sprout-Inhibitor | Duke, J.A.. Personal Communication. |
|
Gastroprotective | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antiyeast | |
Chemicals (1) |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
Antifatigue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Mutagenic | |
|
Antipharyngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Respiraparalytic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ACETALDEHYDE |
|
Antidiuretic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-92. |
|
Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
Congestant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Antiotitic | |
|
Addictive | Science News, 145: 294. |
Chemicals (1) |
ACETALDEHYDE 8 ug/kg |
|
Encephalopathic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
Chemicals (1) |
PULEGONE 80 mg/kg orl rat |
|
Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Insectiphile | J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Ciliotoxic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | Chen, S. J., Wang, M. H., Chen, I. J. 1996. Antiplatelet and Calcium Inhibitory Properties of Eugenol and Sodium Eugenol Acetate. Gen Pharmacol, 27(4): 629-633. |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL 1 mM rbt |
|
Antitartar | |
|
Antibacillus | |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
Inflammatory | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
Peristaltic | |
|
Antiarachidonate | |
|
Ulcerogenic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
|
Hypocholesterolemic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Decongestant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Bronchomucotropic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Glutathionalytic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
|
Apoptotic | |
|
Narcotic | Merck 11th Edition |
Chemicals (1) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
|
Antipneumonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Secretogogue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
Antivaginitic | |
|
Molluscicide | |
|
Pulifuge | |
|
Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
|
Anticholinesterase? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
|
Diaphoretic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
AntiTNF | |
|
Vulnerary | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
Insect-Repellent | |
|
Pheromone | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERMACRENE-D |
|
Hypothermic | |
|
Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antilithic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Pediculicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 2.3 x pyrethrin |
|
Degranulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 0.3 ul/ml |
|
Trichomonistat | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC50=10 ug/ml |
|
Bronchorrheic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
Antikeratotic | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
|
Nociceptive | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Toxic | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (1) |
PIPERITENONE 10,000/man |
|
Avifuge | |
|
Nephrotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
Gastroirritant | Martindale's 29th |
|
Antivulvitic | |
|
Antiestrogenic | |
|
COX-2-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC>97=1,000 uM |
|
Antiperiodontic | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
Refrigerant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
Antidandruff | A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp. |
|
Coleoptophile | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Antiodontalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Emmenagogue | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
|
Cicatrizant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
Antineuritic | |
|
Prostaglandin-Inhibitor | |
|
Vermicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Immunostimulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
|
Histaminic | |
|
Antilepric | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
Cytotoxic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL 25 ug/ml |
|
Hallucinogenic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
Bronchomucolytic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
Neuropathogenic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 40-100 mg/day/rat |
|
Ancylostomicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Surfactant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Gastrosedative | Merck 11th Edition |
|
Apifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
Lipolytic | |
|
Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
Antitumor (Colon) | |
|
Antinitrosating | |
|
Abortifacient | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
|
Psychoactive | |
|
Detoxicant | |
|
Antithromboxane | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87. |
|
Vibriocide | |
|
Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antimitotic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antiarthritic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Urinary-Antiseptic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
|
Hypotensive | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Candidistat | |
|
Antilithic | |
|
Decongestant? | Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 11 mg/man |
|
Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Antiadenomic | |
|
Hepatotonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Bronchoprotectant | |
|
NO-Genic | |
|
Antiproliferant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Ankylostomacide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Ataxigenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
Antigenotoxic | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL 50-500 mg/kg orl mus |
|
Fungistat | |
|
Antiesophagitic | |
|
Mosquitofuge | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
|
COX-1-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC97=1,000 uM |
|
Antipeptic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
|
Enterotoxic | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
|
Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
Juvabional | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antiobesity | |
|
Edemagenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Antitrichinosic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Cholesterolytic | |
|
Antineuralgic | |
|
Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
Vasodilator | |
|
Immunomodulator | |
|
Carcinogenic? | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
Antilymphomic | |
|
Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antirhinitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Trypsin-Enhancer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93. |
|
Antilaryngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. |
|
Antipruritic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
GST-Inducer | |
|
Bradycardic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 65 mg/3 x day/woman |
|
Antihelicobacter | |
|
Neurodepressant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|