Pesticide | |
Chemicals (27) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ACETALDEHYDE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
BETA-TERPINEOL |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
GERMACRENE-D |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOFURAN |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PIPERITENONE-OXIDE |
PIPERITONE |
PULEGONE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
FLavor | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (25) |
1,8-CINEOLE FEMA 1-200 |
3-OCTANOL FEMA |
ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
ALPHA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
BENZALDEHYDE FEMA 150-800 |
BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
BORNEOL FEMA<1 |
CAMPHENE FEMA 15-175 |
CARVACROL FEMA 10-125 |
ETHYL-BUTYRATE FEMA 30-1,400 |
ETHYL-CINNAMATE FEMA 4-40 |
ETHYL-PALMITATE FEMA 20-50 |
EUGENOL FEMA 10-500 |
GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
ISOPULEGOL FEMA 5-30 |
LIMONENE |
MENTHONE FEMA 5-50 |
MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
PIPERITONE FEMA 1-2 |
PULEGONE FEMA 5-30 |
TERPINOLENE FEMA 15-60 |
THYMOL FEMA 2-100 |
DIETHYL-MALONATE FEMA 2-20 |
|
Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (22) |
3-OCTANOL |
ACETALDEHYDE FEMA 4-25 |
ALPHA-HUMULENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
BETA-TERPINEOL |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
ISOPULEGOL |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
NEOMENTHOL |
PIPERITENONE |
PIPERITONE |
PULEGONE |
SABINENE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Insectifuge | Bowers, W.S., Ortego, F., You, X., and Evans, P.H. Insect Repellents From The Chinese Prickly Ash Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Journal of Natural Products, 56(6): 935-938, 1993. |
Chemicals (17) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BENZALDEHYDE 50 ppm |
BETA-PINENE |
BETA-TERPINEOL |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PIPERITONE (> DEET) |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Antibacterial | |
Chemicals (16) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BORNEOL MIC=125-250 ug/ml |
CARVACROL MIC 170-290 |
EUGENOL 500 ppm |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625-2.5 |
MENTHONE MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PULEGONE |
SABINENE |
THYMOL MIC=50-400 ug/ml |
|
Antispasmodic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
Chemicals (14) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL ED50=0.008 mg/ml |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
MENTHOL ED50=0.01 mg/ml |
MENTHONE ED50=0.044 mg/ml |
MYRCENE |
NEOMENTHOL ED50=0.033 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Insecticide | |
Chemicals (12) |
ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 0.86 uM/fly |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
PIPERITENONE-OXIDE |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
Irritant | |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
THYMOL |
|
Antiseptic | |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
CARVACROL 1.5 x phenol |
EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL 4 x phenol |
MENTHONE 2.25 x phenol |
SABINENE |
THYMOL 20 x phenol |
|
Fungicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ACETALDEHYDE |
BORNEOL |
CARVACROL |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
PULEGONE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=41 ug/ml |
ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=1.0 mM |
GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
ISOMENTHOL IC29=1.2 mM |
ISOMENTHONE IC50=1.6 mM |
ISOPULEGOL IC50=2.0 mM |
LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
MENTHOL IC50=2.0 mM |
MENTHONE IC50=1.4 mM |
P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
PIPERITENONE IC50=110 ug/ml |
PULEGONE IC50=0.9 mM |
|
Nematicide | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
Chemicals (12) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
BENZALDEHYDE MLC=1 mg/ml |
BORNEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
CARVACROL MLC=1 mg/ml |
ETHYL-CINNAMATE MLC=1,000 uM |
EUGENOL MLC=2,000 ug/ml |
LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
MENTHOFURAN MLC=1 mg/ml |
MENTHOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MLC=1 mg/ml |
THYMOL MLC=0.1 mg/ml |
|
Antiinflammatory | |
Chemicals (11) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CARVACROL IC50=4 uM |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
Sedative | |
Chemicals (11) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
MENTHONE |
P-CYMENE |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Candidicide | |
Chemicals (10) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
CARVACROL MIC<0.1 ug/ml |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=2.5 mg/ml |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL 100 ug/ml (>Nystatin) |
|
Allergenic | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (10) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
BETA-PINENE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
THYMOL |
|
Herbicide | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
Chemicals (9) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=78 uM |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL IC50=470 mM |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
PIPERITONE IC50=30 mM |
PULEGONE IC50=1.5 uM |
|
Antistaphylococcic | |
Chemicals (8) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Antioxidant | |
Chemicals (8) |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL IC65=30 ppm |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
ISOMENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL 100 ppm |
|
Analgesic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (7) |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
THYMOL |
|
Acaricide | |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE LC100=6 uM |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
EUGENOL LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
MENTHONE |
THYMOL |
|
Expectorant | |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CAMPHENE |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antifeedant | Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993. |
Chemicals (7) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Transdermal | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
|
Anesthetic | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL 200-400 |
MENTHOL 2,000 ppm |
THYMOL |
|
Myorelaxant | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
THYMOL |
|
Trichomonicide | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE LD100=1,000 ug/ml |
CARVACROL LD100=150 ug/ml |
EUGENOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
MENTHONE LD100=600 ug/ml |
P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
THYMOL LD100=25 ug/ml |
|
Spasmogenic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
CAMPHENE |
|
Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-HUMULENE |
BENZALDEHYDE |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE |
MENTHONE |
PULEGONE |
|
Antisalmonella | |
Chemicals (5) |
BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
EUGENOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Allelopathic | |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
CAMPHENE |
MENTHONE |
|
Antiviral | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
ACE-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
Calcium-Antagonist | |
Chemicals (4) |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE ED50=32 uM gpg |
EUGENOL IC50=224 uM |
MENTHOFURAN IC50=441 uM gpg (weak activity) |
MENTHOL |
|
Termiticide | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
BENZALDEHYDE LD100=5 mg/g |
EUGENOL LD100=5 mg/g |
MENTHOL |
|
Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antiradicular | |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL 600 x thymol |
EUGENOL EC50=2 ul/l |
ISOMENTHONE |
THYMOL EC=60 |
|
Allelochemic | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
LIMONENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Larvicide | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
EUGENOL |
MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
THYMOL 10 ppm |
|
Choleretic | |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Antimutagenic | |
Chemicals (4) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
EUGENOL |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Antibronchitic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antiaggregant | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
Chemicals (4) |
EUGENOL IC50=0.3 uM |
MENTHOL IC50=750 |
MENTHONE IC50=750 |
THYMOL IC50=0.75 |
|
Carminative | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antialzheimeran? | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
Chemicals (4) |
CARVACROL |
LIMONENE |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Antipyretic | |
Chemicals (4) |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
MENTHOL |
PULEGONE |
|
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
Anticancer | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
LIMONENE |
|
Dermatitigenic | |
Chemicals (3) |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
|
P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=0.76 uM |
MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
Neurotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
EUGENOL |
PULEGONE |
|
Antitussive | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
THYMOL |
|
Antinitrosaminic | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
MYRCENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Antihistaminic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
Chemicals (3) |
MENTHOL |
MENTHONE |
PULEGONE |
|
Antiacne | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antiescherichic | |
Chemicals (3) |
BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
|
Counterirritant | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BENZALDEHYDE |
EUGENOL |
|
CNS-Stimulant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Antiasthmatic | Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill
Livinston, Edinburgh. |
Chemicals (3) |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
PIPERITONE |
|
Antirheumatic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Anthelmintic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL |
THYMOL |
|
Anticariogenic | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Antistreptococcic | |
Chemicals (3) |
CARVACROL |
MENTHOL MIC=0.4 mg/ml |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Antiplaque | Osawa, K., Matsumoto, T., Maruyama, T., Takiguchi, T., Okuda, K., and Takazoe, I., Studies of the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and their constituents against periodontopathic bacteria, Bull Tokyo Dent. Coll., 31 (1), 1990, 17-21 |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CARVACROL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
THYMOL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
|
Antiulcer | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
EUGENOL |
SABINENE |
|
Anticholinesterase | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=50-70 |
PULEGONE |
THYMOL |
|
Chemopreventive | |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Pulmonotoxic | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOFURAN |
PULEGONE |
|
Antisinusitic | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
|
Dentifrice | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL |
|
Tracheorelaxant | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL |
THYMOL |
|
Anticonvulsant | |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL |
MYRCENE |
|
Antiatherosclerotic | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
Vermifuge | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL |
|
Culicide | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
Hepatoprotective | |
Chemicals (2) |
BORNEOL |
EUGENOL 100 ppm |
|
(-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
Cerebrotoxic | J. Aromatherapy 4: 24. |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHONE orl man |
PULEGONE orl man |
|
Antilisteria | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
Varroacide | |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL |
THYMOL |
|
Hepatotoxic | Lewis, E.J. and Friedrich, E.C. 1989. The Essential Oil of Poliomintha incana. Planta Medica 56(2): 224-226, 1990. |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOFURAN |
PULEGONE |
|
Antioxidant (LDL) | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL IC50=5.53 uM |
THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
Gram(-)icide | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
Antinociceptive | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
Deodorant | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (2) |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Antiprostaglandin | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL |
EUGENOL 11 uM |
|
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ACETALDEHYDE ID50=43 ug/ml |
BENZALDEHYDE ID50=820 uM |
|
Tranquilizer | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
|
AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
PULEGONE |
|
(-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
Rubefacient | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
|
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Antimelanomic | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL IC50=120 uM/l |
THYMOL IC50=120 uM/l |
|
Antibacillary | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antiherpetic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
THYMOL |
|
P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
LIMONENE |
|
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARVACROL #NAME? |
THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
Antiedemic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 95. |
Chemicals (2) |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
EUGENOL 100 |
|
Convulsant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
|
Gram(+)icide | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
CNS-Depressant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
EUGENOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Juvabional | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
Antimitotic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Enterotoxic | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
|
Antithromboxane | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87. |
|
Candidistat | |
|
Antilithic | |
|
Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
Edemagenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Antiarthritic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Immunomodulator | |
|
Bronchoprotectant | |
|
Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Antiadenomic | |
|
Vasodilator | |
|
Ataxigenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
Antigenotoxic | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL 50-500 mg/kg orl mus |
|
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. |
|
Antiproliferant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Ankylostomacide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Trypsin-Enhancer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93. |
|
Antiesophagitic | |
|
Neurodepressant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
COX-1-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC97=1,000 uM |
|
Antipeptic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
|
GST-Inducer | |
|
Mutagenic | |
|
CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antiobesity | |
|
Sprout-Inhibitor | Duke, J.A.. Personal Communication. |
|
Gastroprotective | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
Cholesterolytic | |
|
Antineuralgic | |
|
Respiraparalytic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ACETALDEHYDE |
|
Antitrichinosic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Insectiphile | J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Carcinogenic? | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
Antilymphomic | |
|
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL 1 mM rbt |
|
Encephalopathic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
Chemicals (1) |
PULEGONE 80 mg/kg orl rat |
|
Inflammatory | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Antilaryngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Peristaltic | |
|
Antirhinitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Bradycardic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 65 mg/3 x day/woman |
|
Antihelicobacter | |
|
Decongestant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antipruritic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
Ulcerogenic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
|
Hypocholesterolemic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antiyeast | |
Chemicals (1) |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
Antifatigue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antipharyngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antidiuretic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-92. |
|
Narcotic | Merck 11th Edition |
Chemicals (1) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
|
Congestant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Antiotitic | |
|
Addictive | Science News, 145: 294. |
Chemicals (1) |
ACETALDEHYDE 8 ug/kg |
|
Glutathionalytic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
|
Molluscicide | |
|
Ciliotoxic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Secretogogue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
Pulifuge | |
|
Antitartar | |
|
Antibacillus | |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
Insect-Repellent | |
|
Pheromone | |
Chemicals (1) |
GERMACRENE-D |
|
Diaphoretic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
Antiarachidonate | |
|
Vulnerary | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
Hypothermic | |
|
Bronchomucotropic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Pediculicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 2.3 x pyrethrin |
|
Degranulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 0.3 ul/ml |
|
Apoptotic | |
|
Nociceptive | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antipneumonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Trichomonistat | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC50=10 ug/ml |
|
Nephrotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
Toxic | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (1) |
PIPERITENONE 10,000/man |
|
Antivaginitic | |
|
Anticholinesterase? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
|
Gastroirritant | Martindale's 29th |
|
Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
|
Refrigerant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
AntiTNF | |
|
Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antilithic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Prostaglandin-Inhibitor | |
|
Emmenagogue | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
|
Immunostimulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
BENZALDEHYDE |
|
Bronchorrheic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
Antikeratotic | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
|
Vermicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Avifuge | |
|
Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
Cytotoxic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL 25 ug/ml |
|
Histaminic | |
|
Antivulvitic | |
|
Antiestrogenic | |
|
Neuropathogenic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 40-100 mg/day/rat |
|
COX-2-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
EUGENOL IC>97=1,000 uM |
|
Antiperiodontic | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
Hallucinogenic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
Antidandruff | A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp. |
|
Coleoptophile | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Antiodontalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Surfactant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Gastrosedative | Merck 11th Edition |
|
Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
Lipolytic | |
|
Cicatrizant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
Antineuritic | |
|
Psychoactive | |
|
Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antilepric | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Detoxicant | |
|
Vibriocide | |
|
Hypotensive | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Bronchomucolytic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
Decongestant? | Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 11 mg/man |
|
Urinary-Antiseptic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
|
Apifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
NO-Genic | |
|
Ancylostomicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Hepatotonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Mosquitofuge | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
|
Antinitrosating | |
|
Abortifacient | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-THUJONE |
|
Fungistat | |
|
Antitumor (Colon) | |
|