| (-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
| (-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE 933 nl/ml |
|
| ABeta-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Acaricide | |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE LC100=6 uM |
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| EUGENOL LD50=5.47 ug/sq cm cf DEET at 37.59 ug/sq cm |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
| LINALOOL C90=<15 ul/l (=<15 ppm |
| MENTHONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| ACE-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
| QUERCITRIN IC50=0.67 mM/ |
|
| AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| PULEGONE |
|
| Adenylate-Cyclase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE IC73=10 uM |
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCURONIDE IC88=10 uM |
| MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
| QUERCITRIN IC50=2 uM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Allelochemic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| LIMONENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CAMPHENE |
| MENTHONE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Allergenic | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (13) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARVONE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MYRCENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Analgesic | Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991. |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| HESPERIDIN |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Ancylostomicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Anesthetic | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| EUGENOL 200-400 |
| LINALOOL 0.01-1 ug/ml |
| MENTHOL 2,000 ppm |
| THYMOL |
|
| Ankylostomacide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Anthelmintic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| GERANIOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Anti-LDL | |
|
|
| Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
|
| Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (15) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=41 ug/ml |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=1.0 mM |
| CARVONE IC50=1.4-1.8 mM |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
| ISOMENTHOL IC29=1.2 mM |
| ISOMENTHONE IC50=1.6 mM |
| LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL IC50=2.0 mM |
| MENTHONE IC50=1.4 mM |
| P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
| PIPERITENONE IC50=110 ug/ml |
| PULEGONE IC50=0.9 mM |
| TERPINEN-4-OL IC21-24=1.2 mM |
| VIRIDIFLOROL IC50=25 ug/ml |
|
| Antiacne | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiadenomic | |
|
|
| Antiaggregant | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=0.3 uM |
| MENTHOL IC50=750 |
| MENTHONE IC50=750 |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| THYMOL IC50=0.75 |
|
| Antiallergenic | Yakugaku Zasshi, 111: 193, 1991. |
|
|
| Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Antialzheimeran | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antialzheimeran? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antianaphylactic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LINALOOL |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 1-100 mg/kg orl |
|
| Antiarachidonate | |
|
|
| Antiarrhythmic | |
|
|
| Antiarthritic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Antiasthmatic | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis., 4:203, 1982. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
| PIPERITONE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| TRANS-CARVEOL |
|
| Antiatherosclerotic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=0.74 uM |
| THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
| Antibacillary | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antibacillus | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
| Antibacterial | |
| Chemicals (24) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| BORNEOL MIC=125-250 ug/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CIS-OCIMENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
| DIOSPHENOL |
| EUGENOL 500 ppm |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL MIC=1,600 ug/ml |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625-2.5 |
| MENTHONE MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THYMOL MIC=50-400 ug/ml |
|
| Antibradykinic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 366. |
|
|
| Antibronchitic | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Anticancer | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| DIOSMIN |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Anticancer (Cervix) | Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
|
| Anticancer (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
|
| Anticapillary-Fragility | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN 300 mg/2x/day/woman |
| HESPERIDIN |
|
| Anticarcinogenic | |
|
|
| Anticariogenic | |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE MIC=>1,600 ug/ml |
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL MIC=1,600 ug/ml |
| THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
| Anticataract | |
|
|
| Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Anticholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=50-70 |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Anticlastogen | |
|
|
| Anticoagulant | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Anticolic | |
|
|
| Anticomplementary | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 1/2 aspirin |
|
| Anticonvulsant | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL 200 mg/kg ipr mus |
| MYRCENE |
|
| AntiCVI | |
|
|
| Anticytotoxic | |
|
|
| Antidandruff | A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp. |
|
|
| Antidepressant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antidermatic | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE |
|
| Antidermatitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| AntiDNA | |
|
|
| Antiedemic | |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| DIOSMIN 600 mg/kg rat |
| EUGENOL 100 |
| LINALOOL |
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 0.316-3.16 mg/kg ims |
|
| Antiescherichic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
| MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
|
| Antiesophagitic | |
|
|
| Antiestrogenic | |
|
|
| Antifatigue | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE 500 ppm |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| QUERCITRIN IC52=<1,000 ppm diet |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| HESPERIDIN |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Antigenotoxic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 50-500 mg/kg orl mus |
|
| Antigliomic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
|
| Antiglutamaergic | |
|
|
| Antigonadotropic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antihelicobacter | |
|
|
| Antihemolytic | Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 729, 1988. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC70=5-10 um/l |
|
| Antihemorrhagic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Antihemorrhoidal | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN 450 mg 2x/day x7days then 1x/day x2months |
|
| Antihepatotoxic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antiherpetic | Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE |
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 50 ug/ml |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antihistaminic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| HESPERIDIN |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| PULEGONE |
|
| AntiHIV | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID EC50=40 ug/ml |
|
| Antihyperthyroid | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antiinflammatory | |
| Chemicals (17) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE IC50=100 uM |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| DIOSMIN 600 mg/kg rat |
| EUGENOL (11 uM) IC~97=1,000 uM |
| HESPERIDIN IC47=50 mg/kg scu |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE |
| MENTHOL |
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC~58=1,000 uM |
| THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
| Antiintegrase | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 10 ug/ml |
|
| Antikeratotic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
|
| Antilaryngitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antileishmanic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Antilepric | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Antileukemic | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LINALOOL IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/ml |
|
| Antileukotriene | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| HESPERIDIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antilipoperoxidant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antilisteria | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
| Antilithic | |
|
|
| Antilithic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Antilymphomic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL IC50=3.5-4.2 ug/ml |
|
| Antimalarial | Rukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MYRTENAL IC50=5-50 ug/ml |
| MYRTENOL IC50=5-50 ug/ml |
|
| Antimange | |
|
|
| Antimelanomic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| GERANIOL IC50=150 uM/l |
| THYMOL IC50=120 uM/l |
|
| Antimetastatic | |
|
|
| Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antimetrorrhagic | Fitoterapia No.55-1984. |
|
|
| Antimite | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Antimitotic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Antimutagenic | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
| QUERCITRIN ID50=2-5 nM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antinephritic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antineuralgic | |
|
|
| Antineuritic | |
|
|
| Antinitrosaminic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| MYRCENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Antinitrosating | |
|
|
| Antinociceptive | Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
| Antiobesity | |
|
|
| Antiodontalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antionychyotic | Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Antiotitic | |
|
|
| Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (13) |
|---|
| CAMPHENE |
| DIOSMIN |
| EUGENOL IC65=30 ppm |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| HESPERIDIN IC50=8 ppm |
| ISOMENTHONE |
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCURONIDE |
| MYRCENE |
| QUERCITRIN IC50=120 uM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID EC50=2.7 ug/ml |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL 100 ppm |
|
| Antioxidant (LDL) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=0.74 uM |
| THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
| Antiperiodontic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
| Antiperoxidant | |
|
|
| Antipharyngitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Antiplaque | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| THYMOL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
|
| Antiplasmodial | Rukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MYRTENAL IC50=5-50 ug/ml |
| MYRTENOL IC50=5-50 ug/ml |
|
| Antipneumonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Antiproliferant | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-ELEMENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DIOSMIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antiproliferative | |
|
|
| Antiprostaglandin | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| EUGENOL 11 uM |
| HESPERIDIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID 20 mg/kg ivn |
|
| Antiproteolytic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=0.9 mol l |
|
| Antipruritic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Antipulmonotic | Tyler, V.E.. 1994. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antipurpuric | |
|
|
| Antipyretic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
| MENTHOL |
| PULEGONE |
|
| Antiradicular | Jimenez, J., Navarro, M.C., Montilla, M.P., Martin, A. and Martinez, A. 1993. Thymus zygis Oil: Its Effects on CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Free Radical Scavenger Activity. JEO5: 153-8. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| EUGENOL EC50=2 ul/l |
| ISOMENTHONE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| THYMOL EC=60 |
|
| Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antirheumatic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antirhinitic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| AntiRNA | |
|
|
| Antisalmonella | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL MIC=400 ug/ml |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=5 mg/ml |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiseptic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CARVONE 1.5 x phenol |
| DIOSPHENOL |
| EUGENOL 3 ml/man/day |
| GERANIOL 7 x phenol |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL 5 x phenol |
| MENTHOL 4 x phenol |
| MENTHONE 2.25 x phenol |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THYMOL 20 x phenol |
| UMBELLULONE |
|
| Antishock | Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 735, 1988. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LINALOOL |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antisinusitic | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Antispasmodic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
| Chemicals (18) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL ED50=0.008 mg/ml |
| BORNYL-ACETATE ED50=0.09 mg/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL ED50=0.01 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE ED50=0.044 mg/ml |
| MENTHYL-ACETATE ED50=0.105 mg/ml |
| MYRCENE |
| QUERCITRIN |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antistaphylococcic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
| Chemicals (11) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CIS-OCIMENE |
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml |
| QUERCITRIN 0.41% |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antistomatitic | |
|
|
| Antistreptococcic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.4 mg/ml |
| THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
| Antitartar | |
|
|
| Antithrombogenic | |
|
|
| Antithromboxane | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jul-87. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| EUGENOL |
|
| Antithyreotropic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antithyroid | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| AntiTNF | |
|
|
| Antitrichinosic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Antitriglyceride | |
|
|
| Antitubercular | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| Antitumor | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Cervix) | Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
|
| Antitumor (Colon) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| GERANIOL IC50=265 uM |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antitussive | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Antiulcer | |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DIOSMIN |
| EUGENOL |
| HESPERIDIN 100-150 mg/kg ipr |
| QUERCITRIN |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Antiuremic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Antivaccinia | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197. |
|
|
| Antivaginitic | |
|
|
| Antiviral | |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| EUGENOL IC50=16.2-25.6 ug/ml |
| HESPERIDIN |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE |
| P-CYMENE |
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID EC50=40 ug/ml |
|
| Antivulvitic | |
|
|
| Antiyeast | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
| Anxiolytic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| HESPERIDIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Apifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
|
| Apoptotic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| BETA-ELEMENE |
| LIMONENE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Ascaricide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
|
| Ataxigenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
|
| Avifuge | |
|
|
| Bacteriostatic | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Barbituate-Synergist | |
|
|
| Bradycardic | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL 65 mg/3 x day/woman |
|
| Bronchomucolytic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
|
| Bronchomucotropic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Bronchoprotectant | |
|
|
| Bronchorelaxant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
|
| Bronchorrheic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
|
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE ED50=32 uM gpg |
| EUGENOL IC50=224 uM |
| HESPERIDIN IC50=1.2 uM rbt |
| MENTHOFURAN IC50=441 uM gpg (weak activity) |
| MENTHOL |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC50=1.2 uM rbt |
|
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| CARVONE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHONE |
| PULEGONE |
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Candidicide | |
| Chemicals (10) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MIC=2.5 mg/ml |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL 100 ug/ml (>Nystatin) |
|
| Candidistat | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| CARVONE |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Capillariprotective | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Carcinogenic? | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
|
| Cardiotonic | |
|
|
| Carminative | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| CARVONE |
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Catabolic | |
|
|
| Cerebrotoxic | J. Aromatherapy 4: 24. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MENTHONE orl man |
| PULEGONE orl man |
|
| Chemopreventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| LIMONENE |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Choleretic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| EUGENOL |
| HESPERIDIN |
| MENTHOL |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Cholesterolytic | |
|
|
| Cicatrizant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
| Ciliotoxic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Circulodepressant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| UMBELLULONE |
|
| CNS-Depressant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| HESPERIDIN 100-150 mg/kg ipr |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| CNS-Stimulant | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARVONE |
| GERANIOL |
| MENTHOL |
|
| CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Coleoptophile | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| COMT-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN 200-400 mg/kg ip |
|
| Congestant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Convulsant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Counterirritant | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| COX-1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC97=1,000 uM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC58=1,000 uM |
|
| COX-2-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC>97=1,000 uM |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID IC>58=1,000 uM |
|
| Culicide | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| LINALOOL LC50=156-194 mg/l |
| MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
| THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
| Cyclooxygenase-Activator | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| QUERCITRIN 200 uM |
|
| Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| HESPERIDIN |
| THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor | Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima. |
|
|
| Cytoprotective | |
|
|
| Cytotoxic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 25 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID TC50=100-150 ug/ml |
|
| Decongestant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Decongestant? | Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL 11 mg/man |
|
| Degranulant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 0.3 ul/ml |
|
| Deiodinase-Inhibitor | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Dentifrice | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Deodorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Dermal | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
|
| Dermatitigenic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Detoxicant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Diaphoretic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
|
| Diuretic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| DIOSPHENOL |
| QUERCITRIN |
| TERPINEN-4-OL 0.1 ml/rat |
|
| Dye | Merck 11th Edition |
|
|
| Edemagenic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
| Embryotoxic | |
|
|
| Emetic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-97. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| GERANIOL 3 x ipecac |
|
| Encephalopathic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| PULEGONE 80 mg/kg orl rat |
|
| Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
|
| Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Enterotoxic | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
|
|
| Expectorant | Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp. |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CAMPHENE |
| GERANIOL |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| FLavor | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (28) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE FEMA 1-200 |
| 3-OCTANOL FEMA |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE FEMA 10-130 |
| ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
| BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
| BORNEOL FEMA<1 |
| BORNYL-ACETATE FEMA 70-80 |
| CAMPHENE FEMA 15-175 |
| CARVONE FEMA 80-3,000 |
| CARYOPHYLLENE FEMA 20-200 |
| DIHYDROCARVEOL FEMA 5-500 |
| DIHYDROCARVYL-ACETATE FEMA 5-500 |
| EUGENOL FEMA 10-500 |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
| GERANIOL FEMA 1-10 |
| GERANYL-ACETATE FEMA 1-20 |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL FEMA 2-40 |
| MENTHONE FEMA 5-50 |
| MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
| P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
| PHENYLETHYL-2-METHYLBUTYRATE FEMA 1-9 |
| PIPERITONE FEMA 1-2 |
| PULEGONE FEMA 5-30 |
| TERPINOLENE FEMA 15-60 |
| THYMOL FEMA 2-100 |
|
| Fungicide | |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| CIS-OCIMENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL IC93=2 mM |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHONE |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
|
| Fungistat | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARVONE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| GABA-nergic | |
|
|
| Gastroirritant | Martindale's 29th |
|
|
| Gastroprotective | Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Gastrosedative | Merck 11th Edition |
|
|
| Glutathionalytic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
|
|
| Gram(+)icide | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
| Gram(-)icide | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
| GST-Inducer | |
|
|
| Hallucinogenic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
|
| Hemolytic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| UMBELLULONE |
|
| Hemostat | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Hepatoprotective | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| EUGENOL 100 ppm |
|
| Hepatotonic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Hepatotoxic | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MENTHOFURAN |
| PULEGONE |
|
| Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Chemicals (12) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE IC50=78 uM |
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL IC50=470 mM |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL IC100-2,000 uM |
| LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
| MYRTENAL |
| P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
| PIPERITONE IC50=30 mM |
| PULEGONE IC50=1.5 uM |
| TERPINEN-4-OL IC50=200 mM |
|
| Histaminic | |
|
|
| Hypnotic | |
|
|
| Hypocholesterolemic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Hypoglycemic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Hypolipidemic | |
|
|
| Hypotensive | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Hypothermic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
|
| Immunomodulator | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| LIMONENE |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Immunostimulant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Inflammatory | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
| Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Insect-Repellent | |
|
|
| Insecticide | |
| Chemicals (12) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE 0.86 uM/fly |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
| CARVONE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| EUGENOL |
| LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
| LINALOOL LC50=156-194 mg/l |
| MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
| PIPERITENONE-OXIDE |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (20) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CAMPHENE |
| CARVONE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIOL 50 ppm |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PIPERITONE (> DEET) |
| PULEGONE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Insectiphile | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Irritant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| DIHYDROCARVEOL |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MYRCENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Juvabional | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
|
|
| Larvicide | |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL LC50=156-194 mg/l |
| MENTHONE LC50=156-194 mg/l |
| THYMOL 10 ppm |
|
| Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Lipolytic | |
|
|
| Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| HESPERIDIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| MAO-A-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| MAO-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| MDR-Inhibitor | Critchfield, J. W., Welsh, C. J., Phang, J. M., Yeh, G. C. 1994. Modulation of Adriamycin Accumulation and Efflux by Flavonoids in HCT-15 Colon Cells. Activation of P-Glycoprotein as a Putative Mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol, 48(7): 1437-1445. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN 100 uM |
|
| Molluscicide | |
|
|
| Mosquitocide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
|
| Mosquitofuge | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
| LINALOOL > Deet |
|
| Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| CARVONE |
| EUGENOL |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Mutagenic | |
|
|
| Mycobactericide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERANIOL MIC=64 ug/ml |
|
| Myorelaxant | Martindale's 29th |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
| MENTHOL |
| MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
| THYMOL |
|
| Nematicide | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Chemicals (13) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| BORNEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| CARVONE MLC=1 mg/ml |
| EUGENOL MLC=2,000 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL IC86=100 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| MENTHOFURAN MLC=1 mg/ml |
| MENTHOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| MENTHONE MLC=1 mg/ml |
| TERPINEN-4-OL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| THYMOL MLC=0.1 mg/ml |
|
| Nephrotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
|
| Neurodepressant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Neuropathogenic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MENTHOL 40-100 mg/day/rat |
|
| Neuroprotective | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Neurotoxic | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| EUGENOL |
| PULEGONE |
|
| NO-Genic | |
|
|
| Nociceptive | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
| Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
|
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=0.76 uM |
| MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
| P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| P450-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| Paralytic | |
|
|
| Pediculicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE 2.3 x pyrethrin |
|
| Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Perfumery | Merck 11th Edition |
| Chemicals (26) |
|---|
| 3-OCTANOL |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARVONE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LINALOOL |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| MENTHYL-ACETATE |
| MYRCENE |
| MYRTENAL |
| PHENYLETHYL-2-METHYLBUTYRATE |
| PIPERITENONE |
| PIPERITONE |
| PULEGONE |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Peristaltic | |
|
|
| Pesticide | |
| Chemicals (37) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CAMPHENE |
| CARVONE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERANIOL |
| GERMACRENE-D |
| HESPERIDIN |
| LIMONENE |
| LINALOOL |
| LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE |
| MENTHOFURAN |
| MENTHOL |
| MENTHONE |
| MYRCENE |
| MYRTENAL |
| P-CYMENE |
| PIPERITENONE-OXIDE |
| PIPERITONE |
| PULEGONE |
| QUERCITRIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
| TERPINOLENE |
| THYMOL |
| UMBELLULONE |
|
| Peticide | |
|
|
| Pheromone | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERMACRENE-D |
|
| Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
|
| ProHLDL | |
|
|
| Prooxidant | Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp. |
|
|
| Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL 1 mM rbt |
|
| Psychoactive | |
|
|
| Pulifuge | |
|
|
| Pulmonotoxic | De Smet, P.A.G.M., Keller, K., Hansel, R. and Chandler, R.F., eds. 1993. Adverse Effects of Herbal Drugs 2. Springr-Verlag, Berlin. 348pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| MENTHOFURAN |
| PULEGONE |
|
| Radioprotective | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DIOSMIN |
| ROSMARINIC-ACID |
|
| Refrigerant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
|
| Renoirritant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
| Respiradepressant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| UMBELLULONE |
|
| Rubefacient | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Secretogogue | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Sedative | |
| Chemicals (16) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BORNEOL |
| BORNYL-ACETATE |
| CARVONE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| EUGENOL |
| GERANIOL |
| GERANYL-ACETATE |
| LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
| LINALOOL ED=1-32 mg/kg |
| MENTHONE |
| P-CYMENE |
| PULEGONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Spasmogenic | Fitoterapia No.59-1984. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| CAMPHENE |
|
| Spermicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINEN-4-OL ED100=0.015 |
|
| Sprout-Inhibitor | Duke, J.A.. Personal Communication. |
|
|
| Surfactant | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Termiticide | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
| EUGENOL LD100=5 mg/g |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Termitifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE |
| LINALOOL |
|
| Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
|
| Testosterone-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Toxic | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| PIPERITENONE 10,000/man |
| UMBELLULONE |
|
| Tracheorelaxant | |
|
|
| Tranquilizer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
|
| Transdermal | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
| BETA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| MENTHOL |
|
| Trichomonicide | |
| Chemicals (8) |
|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE LD100=1,000 ug/ml |
| CARVONE LD100=300 ug/ml |
| EUGENOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| GERANIOL LD100=300 ug/ml |
| LINALOOL LD100=600 ug/ml |
| MENTHONE LD100=600 ug/ml |
| P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
| THYMOL LD100=25 ug/ml |
|
| Trichomonistat | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| EUGENOL IC50=10 ug/ml |
|
| Trypsin-Enhancer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-93. |
|
|
| Tumor-Promoter | |
|
|
| Ulcerogenic | Phytotherapy Research, 4: 93. |
|
|
| Urinary-Antiseptic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
|
|
| Varroacide | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| EUGENOL |
| THYMOL |
|
| Vasodilator | |
|
|
| Vasopressor | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| HESPERIDIN |
| QUERCITRIN |
|
| Venoprotective | |
|
|
| Venotonic | |
|
|
| Vermicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| CARVONE |
| THYMOL |
|
| Vermifuge | |
|
|
| Vibriocide | |
|
|
| Vulnerary | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-91. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
| TERPINEN-4-OL |
|