3-EPIOLEANOLIC-ACID | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
ALPHA-SITOSTEROL | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
ALPHA-STORESIN | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
BENZYL-ALCOHOL | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (9) |
Allergenic | Martindale's 29th |
Anesthetic | Martindale's 28th |
Antiodontalgic | Martindale's 28th |
Antipruritic | |
Antiseptic | Martindale's 29th |
FLavor Fema 200-1,200 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Fungicide | |
Pesticide | |
Sedative | Jim Duke's personal files. |
|
BENZYL-CINNAMATE | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (4) |
Allergenic | |
FLavor FEMA 1-125 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Perfumery | |
|
BETA-SITOSTEROL | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (47) |
Androgenic | |
Angiogenic | |
Anorexic | Martindale's 28th |
Antiadenomic | Merck 11th Edition |
Antiandrogenic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Antibacterial | Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155. |
Anticancer (Breast) | Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. |
Anticancer (Cervix) | |
Anticancer (Lung) | |
Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orl | |
Antiestrogenic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Antifeedant | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
Antifertility | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Antigonadotrophic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Antiinflammatory | |
Antileukemic | |
Antilymphomic | |
Antimutagenic 250 ug/ml | |
Antiophidic 2.3 mg mus | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. |
Antioxidant IC44=10 uM | |
Antiprogestational | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12 wks | |
Antiprostatadenomic | Merck 11th Edition |
Antiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3 x/day/orl man | |
Antipyretic | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
Antitumor (Breast) | Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103. |
Antitumor (Cervix) | |
Antitumor (Lung) | |
Antiviral | Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991. |
Apoptotic | |
Artemicide LC50=110 ppm | Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990. |
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Candidicide | Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155. |
Caspase-8-Inducer | |
Estrogenic | |
Febrifuge | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
Gonadotrophic | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Hepatoprotective | |
Hypocholesterolemic 2-6 g/man/day/orl | Martindale's 30th |
Hypocholesterolemic 9-3,330 mg/man/day/orl | Martindale's 28th |
Hypoglycemic | Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989. |
Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/day | |
Pesticide | |
Spermicide | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
Ubiquiot | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat | |
|
BETA-STORESIN | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
CINNAMIC-ACID | Resin, Exudate, Sap | 20000.0 |
150000.0 |
-1.0 |
* |
Activities (18) |
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml (weak activity) | Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110. |
Allergenic | |
Anesthetic | |
Antibacterial | Martindale's 28th |
Antiinflammatory | |
Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
Antispasmodic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Choleretic | |
Dermatitigenic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
FLavor FEMA 4-40 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Fungicide | |
Herbicide | |
Laxative | |
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | |
Pesticide | |
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=700 uM | |
Vermifuge | |
|
CINNAMIC-ALCOHOL | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (3) |
Allergenic | |
FEMA 3-700 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
CINNAMYL-CINNAMATE | Resin, Exudate, Sap | 50000.0 |
100000.0 |
1.0 |
* |
Activities (1) |
FLavor FEMA <1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
|
EO | Resin, Exudate, Sap | 5000.0 |
10000.0 |
-1.6 |
* |
ETHANOL | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (24) |
Allergenic | |
Anesthetic 4,000 orl cat | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
Anesthetic 6,000 orl rat | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
Anhydrotic | Martindale's 29th |
Antiatherosclerotic | |
Antibacterial | Martindale's 28th |
Antipruritic | Martindale's 28th |
Antiseptic | Merck 11th Edition |
CNS-Depressant | Martindale's 28th |
Expectorant | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
Hepatotoxic | Martindale's 29th |
Hypertensive >1 drink/day | |
Hypnotic Antidote=Naloxone | Martindale's 29th |
Hypocalcemic 4,000 orl rat | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
Hypotensive 1 drink/day | |
Mucotropic | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
Neurolytic | Merck 11th Edition |
Pesticide | |
Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
Sclerosant | Martindale's 29th |
Surfactant | Schulz, V, Hansel, R and Tyler, VE. 1998. Rational Phytotherapy - A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. 3rd ed. 1st English Edition. Translated by Terry C. Telger. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. 306 pp. |
Teratogenic 6,000 orl dog | Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006. |
Tremorilytic | Martindale's 28th |
Ulcerogenic 5 ml/kg (50%) orl rat | |
|
ETHYL-CINNAMATE | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (2) |
FLavor FEMA 4-40 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Nematicide MLC=1,000 uM | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
|
MONOTROPEOSIDE | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
OLEANOLIC-ACID | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (64) |
Abortifacient | |
AntiHIV IC50=21.8 ug/ml | |
AntiHIV EC50=1.7 ug/ml | Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. |
AntiPGE2 IC50=24 uM | |
AntiTGF-beta IC50=19-24 uM | |
Antiallergic | |
Antiarrhythmic 40 mg/kg | |
Antiatherosclerotic | |
Antibacterial MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml | |
Anticarcinomic | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
Anticariogenic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
Anticomplement IC40-50 0.01 mM/l gpg | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Anticomplement IC80-90 0.05 mM/l gpg | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Antiedemic IC36=40 mg/kg ipr rat | |
Antifertility | |
Antigingivitic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml | |
Antihepatotoxic | |
Antihyperlipidemic | |
Antiinflammatory 40 mg/kg ipr | Aquino, R., De Feo, V., De Simone, F., Pizza, C.*, and Cirino, G. Plant Metabolites. New Compounds And Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Uncaria tomentosa. Journal of Natural Products, 54(2): 453-459, 1991. |
Antiischemic 40 mg/kg | |
Antileukemic | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
Antileukotriene IC50=17 uM | |
Antimalarial IC50=70-89 ug/ml | |
Antinephritic IC50=19-24 uM | |
Antioxidant | Balanehru, S. and Nagarajan, B. 1992. Intervention of Adriamycin Induced Free Radical Damage. Biochemistry International 28(4): 735-744, 1992. |
Antioxidant IC46=10 uM | |
Antiperiodontic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml | |
Antiperoxidant IC30=200 ug/ml | |
Antiplaque MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml | |
Antiplasmodial IC50=70-89 ug/ml | |
Antisarcomic | |
Antiseptic MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml | |
Antitumor | |
Antitumor (Breast) | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
Antitumor (Colon) | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
Antitumor (Kidney) | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
Antitumor (Lung) | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
Antitumor (Pancreas) | Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46. |
Antiulcer >carbenoxolone | |
Antiviral EC50=1.7 ug/ml | Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. |
Antiviral IC50=21.8 ug/ml | Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J. Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095. |
Aromatase-Inhibitor | |
Beta-Blocker | |
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor ~100 mg/kg | |
COX-2-Inhibitor IC50=295 uM/ | |
COX-2-Inhibitor | Ringbom, T., Seguar, L., Noreen, Y., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Ursolic Acid from Plantago major, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. J. Nat. Prod., 61(10): 1212-1215. |
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Cardioprotective 40 mg/kg | |
Cardiotonic | |
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
Diuretic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
Elastase-Inhibitor IC50=~15 uM | |
Hepatoprotective | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211. |
Hypolipemic | |
Hypotensive | |
Immunomodulator | |
Leucocytogenic | |
NF-kB-Inhibitor | |
Phagocytotic | |
Piscicide | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor igs mus | |
Sedative | |
Uterotonic | |
Vasopressor | |
|
PHENYLETHYLENE | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
PHENYLPROPYL-ALCOHOL | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
PHENYLPROPYL-CINNAMATE | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
100000.0 |
|
* |
SHIKIMIC-ACID | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (14) |
Analgesic | |
Anticancer | |
Anticonvulsant | Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp. |
Antioxidant 7 x quercetin | |
Antiradicular 7 x quercetin | |
Antispasmodic | Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp. |
Antitumor | |
Antitumor-Promoter | |
Bruchifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
Cancer-Preventive | |
Carcinogenic | Merck 11th Edition |
Ileorelaxant | |
Mutagenic | |
Pesticide | |
|
STORESIN | Resin, Exudate, Sap | 330000.0 |
500000.0 |
|
* |
STORESIN-CINNAMATE | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
STYRACIN | Resin, Exudate, Sap | 50000.0 |
100000.0 |
|
* |
STYRENE | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (3) |
Irritant | |
Narcotic | Merck 11th Edition |
Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
|
STYROL | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
TANNIN | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (35) |
Anthelmintic | |
AntiHIV | |
Antibacterial | |
Anticancer | |
Anticariogenic | |
Antidiarrheic | |
Antidysenteric | |
Antihepatotoxic | |
Antihypertensive | |
Antilipolytic | |
Antimutagenic | |
Antinephritic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
Antiophidic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363. |
Antioxidant IC50=1.44 ug/ml | |
Antioxidant 1/3 quercetin | |
Antiradicular 500 mg/kg/day orl mus | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
Antiradicular 1/3 quercetin | |
Antirenitic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
Antitumor | |
Antitumor-Promoter | |
Antiulcer | |
Antiviral | |
Cancer-Preventive | HerbalGram No. 22 - Spring 1990, page 14. |
Carcinogenic | |
Chelator | |
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor | |
Hepatoprotective | |
Immunosuppressant | |
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | |
MAO-Inhibitor | |
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
Pesticide | |
Psychotropic | Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990. |
Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor | |
|
VANILLIN | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
Activities (28) |
Allelochemic IC50=4.26 mM | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
Allergenic | |
Antianemic | |
Anticancer | |
Antidrepanocytic | |
Antiescherichic 10-100 mmol/l | |
Antilactobacillic 10-100 mmol/l | |
Antilisteria | |
Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
Antioxidant #NAME? | |
Antipolio | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 194. |
Antiradicular 7 x quercetin | |
Antisickling | |
Antitumor | |
Antitumor-Promoter | |
Antiviral | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 194. |
Antiyeast 8-30 mM | |
Bacteristat 10-40 mmol/l | |
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Candidicide 8-20 mM | |
Choleretic | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
FLavor FEMA 50-20,000 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Fungicide | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Immunosuppressant | |
Insectifuge? | Martindale's 28th |
Irritant | |
Perfumery | |
Pesticide | |
|
WATER | Resin, Exudate, Sap | 150000.0 |
300000.0 |
0.8 |
* |