| (-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
| (-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
| Acaricide | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
|
| ACE-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
|
| AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
|
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
|
| Allelochemic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| LIMONENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Allergenic | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
|
| Analgesic | Martindale's 28th |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
|
| Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
| LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
| P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
|
| Antiacne | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Antiadenomic | |
|
|
| Antialzheimeran? | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
|
| Antiarrhythmic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
|
|
| Antiasthmatic | |
|
|
| Antibacillary | |
|
|
| Antibacterial | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=125-250 ug/ml |
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| SABINENE |
|
| Antibronchitic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Anticancer | |
|
|
| Anticariogenic | Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE MIC800 ug/ml |
|
| Antiedemic | Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
|
| Antiescherichic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
|
| Antiesophagitic | |
|
|
| Antifeedant | |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Antiflu | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antihelicobacter | |
|
|
| Antiinflammatory | Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antilithic | |
|
|
| Antilymphomic | |
|
|
| Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antimite | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
|
| Antimutagenic | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235. |
|
|
| Antinitrosaminic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Antinociceptive | |
|
|
| Antiobesity | |
|
|
| Antiotitic | |
|
|
| Antioxidant | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Antipneumonic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Antipyretic | |
|
|
| Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
|
| Antisalmonella | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
|
| Antiseptic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| SABINENE |
|
| Antispasmodic | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL ED50=0.008 mg/ml |
| LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
|
| Antistaphylococcic | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
| Antistreptococcic | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-HUMULENE |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Colon) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
|
| Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
|
| Antiulcer | |
|
|
| Antiviral | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Antiyeast | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
| Apoptotic | |
|
|
| Arrhythmigenic | |
|
|
| Bitter | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| MARRUBIIN (gentian) |
|
| Bronchoprotectant | |
|
|
| Calcium-Antagonist | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE ED50=32 uM gpg |
|
| Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-MYRCENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Candidicide | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
| Candidistat | |
|
|
| Cardioactive | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
|
| Chemopreventive | |
|
|
| Choleretic | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| MARRUBIIN |
|
| Cholesterolytic | |
|
|
| CNS-Stimulant | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
|
|
| CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Coleoptophile | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Deodorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Detoxicant | |
|
|
| Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
|
| Expectorant | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| MARRUBIIN |
|
| FLavor | |
| Chemicals (7) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
| BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
| BORNEOL FEMA<1 |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
| TERPINOLENE FEMA 15-60 |
|
| Fungicide | |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| P-CYMENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
|
| Fungistat | |
|
|
| GST-Inducer | |
|
|
| Hepatoprotective | |
|
|
| Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Chemicals (5) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL IC50=470 mM |
| LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
| P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
|
| Histaminic | |
|
|
| Immunomodulator | |
|
|
| Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
|
| Insect-Repellent | |
|
|
| Insecticide | Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993. |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
|
| Insectifuge | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Insectiphile | J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
|
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
|
|
| Irritant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Chemicals (6) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Laxative | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
|
| Lipolytic | |
|
|
| Myorelaxant | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL |
| LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
|
| Nematicide | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| BORNEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
| LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
|
| NO-Genic | |
|
|
| Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
| Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
|
| P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
|
| P450-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Perfumery | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Chemicals (9) |
|---|
| ALLO-OCIMENE |
| ALPHA-HUMULENE |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-MYRCENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| SABINENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Peristaltic | |
|
|
| Pesticide | |
| Chemicals (11) |
|---|
| ALPHA-CADINOL |
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
| DELTA-CADINENE |
| GAMMA-TERPINENE |
| GERMACRENE-D |
| LIMONENE |
| P-CYMENE |
| TERPINOLENE |
|
| Pheromone | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| GERMACRENE-D |
|
| Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
|
| Secretogogue | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-88. |
|
|
| Sedative | Medline (post 1990 searches filed in my computer) |
| Chemicals (4) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
| LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
| P-CYMENE |
|
| Spasmogenic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
|
| Testosterone-Inducer | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| DELTA-CADINENE |
|
| Tranquilizer | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
| Chemicals (2) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BORNEOL |
|
| Transdermal | |
| Chemicals (3) |
|---|
| ALPHA-PINENE |
| BETA-PINENE |
| LIMONENE |
|
| Trichomonicide | |
| Chemicals (1) |
|---|
| P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
|