(-)-Chronotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
(-)-Inotropic | Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE 87 nl/ml |
BORNEOL 29 ug/ml |
|
Acaricide | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE LC100=6 uM |
ALPHA-CADINOL |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE LC100=8 uM |
THYMOL |
|
ACE-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
AChE-Inhibitor | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
|
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml |
GAMMA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml |
MYRCENE 100 ug/ml |
|
Allelochemic | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
LIMONENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Allelopathic | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
CAMPHENE |
CAMPHOR |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
Allergenic | |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
LIMONENE 1/20th carene |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
THYMOL |
|
Allergenic? | |
Chemicals (1) |
DELTA-3-CARENE |
|
Analgesic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
Chemicals (6) |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
THYMOL |
|
Ancylostomicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Anesthetic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL 2,000 ppm |
THYMOL |
|
Ankylostomacide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Anthelmintic | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BETULINIC-ACID |
THYMOL |
|
Antiacetylcholine | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
Antiacetylcholinesterase | |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=41 ug/ml |
ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=1.0 mM |
GAMMA-TERPINENE IC23=1.2 mM |
LIMONENE IC22-26=1.2 mM |
MENTHOL IC50=2.0 mM |
P-CYMENE IC40=1.2 mM |
TERPINEN-4-OL IC21-24=1.2 mM |
|
Antiacne | |
Chemicals (5) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
CAMPHOR |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
THYMOL |
|
Antiadenomic | |
|
Antiaggregant | Tramil, 42: 511. |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOL IC50=750 |
THYMOL IC50=0.75 |
|
Antiallergic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
Antialzheimeran? | L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase. |
Chemicals (3) |
FENCHONE |
LIMONENE |
THYMOL |
|
Antiarthritic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Antiasthmatic | |
Chemicals (3) |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
Antiatherosclerotic | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
Antibacillary | |
|
Antibacillus | |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
Antibacterial | Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands. |
Chemicals (14) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
BETULINIC-ACID |
BORNEOL MIC=125-250 ug/ml |
DELTA-3-CARENE |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625-2.5 |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
SABINENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
THYMOL MIC=50-400 ug/ml |
|
Antibronchitic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Anticancer | Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETULINIC-ACID |
ELEMENE |
LIMONENE |
|
Anticarcinomic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID |
|
Anticariogenic | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MIC=800-1,600 ug/ml |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Anticatarrh | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Anticholinesterase | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=50-70 |
FENCHONE |
THYMOL |
|
Anticonvulsant | |
|
Antidandruff | A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp. |
|
Antidiarrheic | Wealth of India. |
Chemicals (1) |
CAMPHOR 500 ug/ml |
|
Antidysenteric | Wealth of India. |
Chemicals (1) |
CAMPHOR 500 ug/ml |
|
Antiedemic | Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990. |
Chemicals (2) |
BETULINIC-ACID |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
|
Antiemetic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
CAMPHOR 100-200 mg man orl |
|
Antiescherichic | |
Chemicals (2) |
BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=1.25 mg/ml |
|
Antiesophagitic | |
|
Antifatigue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antifeedant | Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993. |
Chemicals (7) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHOR IC50=5,000 ppm diet |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Antifibrositic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Antiflu | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antihalitosic | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antihelicobacter | |
|
Antiherpetic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Antihistaminic | J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569. |
|
AntiHIV | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID EC50=2.0 ug/ml |
|
Antiinflammatory | |
Chemicals (11) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 500 mg/kg |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
BETULINIC-ACID |
BORNEOL |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
DELTA-3-CARENE ipr |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
Antilaryngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antilepric | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Antileukemic | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID |
|
Antilisteria | |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
|
Antilithic | |
|
Antilithic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Antilymphomic | |
|
Antimalarial | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID IC50=19-26 ug/ml |
|
Antimelanomic | New York Times, 3/28/95. |
Chemicals (2) |
BETULINIC-ACID |
THYMOL IC50=120 uM/l |
|
Antimetastatic (Stomach) | |
|
Antimite | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-CADINOL |
|
Antimutagenic | Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991. |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Antineuralgic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (2) |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL |
|
Antineuritic | |
|
Antinitrosaminic | |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
MYRCENE |
TERPINOLENE |
|
Antinociceptive | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BETULINIC-ACID |
MYRCENE 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus |
|
Antiobesity | |
|
Antiodontalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Antiotitic | |
|
Antioxidant | |
Chemicals (6) |
CAMPHENE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
MYRCENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL 100 ppm |
|
Antioxidant (LDL) | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL IC50=4 uM |
|
Antiperiodontic | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
Antipharyngitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antiplaque | Osawa, K., Matsumoto, T., Maruyama, T., Takiguchi, T., Okuda, K., and Takazoe, I., Studies of the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and their constituents against periodontopathic bacteria, Bull Tokyo Dent. Coll., 31 (1), 1990, 17-21 |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL MIC=39-625 ug/ml |
|
Antiplasmodial | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID IC50=19-26 ug/ml |
|
Antipneumonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Antiproliferant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Antipruritic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
Chemicals (2) |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL |
|
Antipyretic | |
Chemicals (2) |
BORNEOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Antiradicular | Jimenez, J., Navarro, M.C., Montilla, M.P., Martin, A. and Martinez, A. 1993. Thymus zygis Oil: Its Effects on CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Free Radical Scavenger Activity. JEO5: 153-8. |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL EC=60 |
|
Antirheumatalgic | Martindale's 28th |
|
Antirheumatic | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Antirhinitic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Antisalmonella | |
Chemicals (3) |
BORNEOL MIC=125 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Antiseptic | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
Chemicals (10) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
CAMPHOR |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL 4 x phenol |
SABINENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
THYMOL 20 x phenol |
|
Antisinusitic | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
MENTHOL |
|
Antispasmodic | |
Chemicals (11) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL ED50=0.008 mg/ml |
CAMPHOR ED50=0.075 mg/ml |
LIMONENE ED50=0.197 mg/ml |
MENTHOL ED50=0.01 mg/ml |
MYRCENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
THYMOL |
|
Antistaphylococcic | |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
THYMOL |
|
Antistreptococcic | |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOL MIC=0.4 mg/ml |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Antitartar | |
|
Antitrichinosic | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Antitumor | Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-HUMULENE |
BETULINIC-ACID |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
LIMONENE |
|
Antitumor (Breast) | |
|
Antitumor (Colon) | |
|
Antitumor (Pancreas) | |
|
Antitumor (Prostate) | |
|
Antitumor (Stomach) | |
|
Antitussive | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
THYMOL |
|
Antiulcer | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
SABINENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
Antivaginitic | |
|
Antiviral | Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195. |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BETULINIC-ACID 14.8 uM |
LIMONENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Antivulvitic | |
|
Antiyeast | |
Chemicals (1) |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
|
Apoptotic | |
Chemicals (3) |
BETULINIC-ACID |
ELEMENE |
LIMONENE |
|
Ataxigenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
|
Bacteriostatic | Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis. |
Chemicals (1) |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
Bradycardic | Martindale's 28th |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 65 mg/3 x day/woman |
|
Bronchomucolytic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
Bronchomucotropic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Bronchoprotectant | |
|
Bronchorrheic | Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200. |
|
Calcium-Antagonist | |
Chemicals (2) |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE ED50=32 uM gpg |
MENTHOL |
|
Cancer-Preventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Chemicals (3) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CAMPHOR |
LIMONENE |
|
Candidicide | |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL MIC=250 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MIC=0.625 mg/ml |
THYMOL 100 ug/ml (>Nystatin) |
|
Candidistat | |
|
Carcinogenic | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Carminative | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
Chemicals (3) |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Chemopreventive | Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
|
Choleretic | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
MENTHOL |
|
Cholesterolytic | |
|
Cicatrizant | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
|
Ciliotoxic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
CNS-Depressant | |
|
CNS-Stimulant | |
Chemicals (4) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL |
|
CNS-Toxic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Coleoptophile | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Congestant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Convulsant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL |
|
Cosmetic | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Counterirritant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CAMPHOR |
FENCHONE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Culicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL (=indomethacin) |
|
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Cytotoxic | Biosyn. Prod. Cancer Chemotherapy (Petit et al) |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID 50-100 ppm |
|
Decongestant | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CAMPHOR |
|
Decongestant? | Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990. |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 11 mg/man |
|
Degranulant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 0.3 ul/ml |
|
Deliriant | Merck 11th Edition |
|
Dentifrice | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL |
|
Deodorant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (2) |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Dermal | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
|
Dermatitigenic | |
Chemicals (3) |
DELTA-3-CARENE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Detoxicant | |
|
Diaphoretic | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
Diuretic | |
Chemicals (1) |
TERPINEN-4-OL 0.1 ml/rat |
|
Ecbolic | |
|
Edemagenic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Emetic | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
CAMPHOR |
|
Enterocontractant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
|
Enterorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
Chemicals (2) |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
Enterotoxic | Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp. |
|
Epileptigenic | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
|
Expectorant | Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp. |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
CAMPHENE |
CAMPHOR |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
THYMOL |
|
FLavor | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (16) |
1,8-CINEOLE FEMA 1-200 |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE FEMA 10-130 |
ALPHA-PINENE FEMA 15-150 |
ALPHA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL FEMA 5-40 |
BETA-PINENE FEMA 15-600 |
BORNEOL FEMA<1 |
CAMPHENE FEMA 15-175 |
DELTA-3-CARENE FEMA |
FENCHONE FEMA 0.1-5 |
GAMMA-TERPINENE FEMA 1-40 |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE FEMA 0.5-9 |
P-CYMENE FEMA 12-250 |
TERPINOLENE FEMA 15-60 |
THYMOL FEMA 2-100 |
|
Fungicide | |
Chemicals (10) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHOR ED50=2.7 mM |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Fungiphilic | J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283. |
|
Fungistat | |
|
Gastroirritant | Martindale's 29th |
|
Gastroprotective | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Gastrosedative | Merck 11th Edition |
|
Gram(+)icide | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL MIC=200-400 ug/ml |
|
Gram(-)icide | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
THYMOL MIC=50-200 ug/ml |
|
GST-Inducer | |
|
Hepatoprotective | |
|
Hepatotonic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Herbicide | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
Chemicals (8) |
1,8-CINEOLE IC50=78 uM |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=30 uM |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL IC50=470 mM |
CAMPHOR IC50=3.3-180 mM |
LIMONENE IC50=45 uM |
P-CYMENE IC50=50 uM |
TERPINEN-4-OL IC50=200 mM |
|
Histaminic | |
|
Hypocholesterolemic? | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Hypotensive | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Hypothermic | |
|
Immunomodulator | |
|
Inflammatory | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE inj |
|
Inhalant | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
|
Insect-Repellent | |
Chemicals (2) |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHOR |
|
Insecticide | |
Chemicals (6) |
ALPHA-PINENE 0.82 uM/fly |
ALPHA-TERPINENE 0.86 uM/fly |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 1.29 uM/fly |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
LIMONENE 0.37 uM/fly |
THYMOL LC50=36-49 mg/l |
|
Insectifuge | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
Chemicals (14) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE 50 ppm |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHENE |
CAMPHOR |
DELTA-3-CARENE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
THYMOL |
|
Insectiphile | Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
|
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
LIMONENE |
|
Irritant | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
|
Chemicals (14) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHOR |
DELTA-3-CARENE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
THYMOL |
|
Larvicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
THYMOL 10 ppm |
|
Laxative | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
P-CYMENE |
|
Lipolytic | |
|
Molluscicide | |
|
Mosquitofuge | |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL > Deet |
|
Motor-Depressant | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
Chemicals (1) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
|
Myorelaxant | J. Aromatherapy 4: 22. |
Chemicals (6) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
BORNEOL |
LIMONENE 50 mg/kg |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE 100-200 mg/kg |
THYMOL |
|
Nematicide | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
Chemicals (8) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
BORNEOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
CAMPHOR MLC=1 mg/ml |
LIMONENE IC=100 ug/ml |
MENTHOL MLC=1 mg/ml |
TERPINEN-4-OL MLC=1 mg/ml |
THYMOL MLC=0.1 mg/ml |
|
Neurodepressant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Neuropathogenic | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
Chemicals (1) |
MENTHOL 40-100 mg/day/rat |
|
Neurotoxic | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
NO-Genic | |
|
Nociceptive | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Occuloirritant | |
|
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
LIMONENE ~750 mg/kg (diet) |
|
Ozone-Scavenger | |
|
P450-2B1-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (4) |
ALPHA-PINENE IC50=0.087 uM |
ALPHA-TERPINENE IC50=0.76 uM |
CAMPHOR IC50=7.89 uM |
MYRCENE IC50=0.14 uM |
|
P450-Inducer | |
Chemicals (2) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
LIMONENE |
|
Pediculicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE 2.3 x pyrethrin |
|
Perfume | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Perfumery | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
Chemicals (14) |
ALPHA-HUMULENE |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
FENCHONE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
SABINENE |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Peristaltic | |
|
Pesticide | |
Chemicals (20) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-CADINOL |
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
CAMPHENE |
CAMPHOR |
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE |
DELTA-3-CARENE |
GAMMA-TERPINENE |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
MYRCENE |
P-CYMENE |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
TERPINOLENE |
THYMOL |
|
Phospholipase-A2-Inhibitor | |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID |
|
Photosensitizer | Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp. |
|
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | Huang, C., Tunon, H., Bohlin, L. 1995. Anti-Inflammatory Compounds Isolated from Menyanthes trifoliata L. Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 30(8): 621-626. |
Chemicals (1) |
BETULINIC-ACID 200 ug/ml |
|
Refrigerant | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
|
Renoirritant | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
Chemicals (1) |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
|
Respirainhibitor | Merck 11th Edition |
|
Respirastimulant | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
|
Rubefacient | Martindale's 29th |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
CAMPHOR |
MENTHOL |
|
Secretogogue | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Secretolytic | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
|
Sedative | Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90. |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BORNEOL |
LIMONENE ED=1-32 mg/kg |
P-CYMENE |
THYMOL |
|
Spasmogenic | |
Chemicals (5) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINENE |
BETA-PINENE |
CAMPHENE |
|
Spermicide | |
Chemicals (1) |
TERPINEN-4-OL ED100=0.015 |
|
Sprout-Inhibitor | Duke, J.A.. Personal Communication. |
|
Stimulant | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
|
Surfactant | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Termiticide | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL IC100=5 mg/g |
MENTHOL |
|
Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer | |
Chemicals (1) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
|
Tracheorelaxant | |
|
Tranquilizer | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-PINENE |
BORNEOL |
|
Transdermal | |
Chemicals (7) |
1,8-CINEOLE |
ALPHA-PINENE |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL |
BETA-PINENE |
CAMPHOR |
LIMONENE |
MENTHOL |
|
Trichomonicide | |
Chemicals (3) |
1,8-CINEOLE LD100=1,000 ug/ml |
P-CYMENE LD100=50 ug/ml |
THYMOL LD100=25 ug/ml |
|
Urinary-Antiseptic | Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
|
Varroacide | |
|
VEGF-Inhibitor | |
|
Vermicide | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
|
Verrucolytic | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
|
Vibriocide | |
Chemicals (2) |
CAMPHOR 500 ug/ml |
MENTHOL |
|
Vulnerary | |
Chemicals (2) |
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ED50=240 ug/g mus |
TERPINEN-4-OL |
|