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Activities: 510
Chemicals w/Activities: 139
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# Activity Chemical Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
77 ZINC Fruit 23.0 28.0 -0.07 *
24 VANILLIC-ACID Leaf -- -- *
31 THIAMIN Seed 1.0 2.0 -1.09 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
2 TERPINEOL-ACETATE Seed Essent. Oil -- 382000.0 *
23 TERPINEN-4-OL Seed Essent. Oil -- 13000.0 -0.54 *
23 TERPINEN-4-OL Fruit Essent. Oil -- 27000.0 1.41 *
23 TERPINEN-4-OL Fruit 252.0 23200.0 3.16 *
12 STIGMASTEROL Seed 60.0 80.0 -0.43 *
8 STEARIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
8 STEARIC-ACID Seed 1830.0 18300.0 -0.17 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
8 STEARIC-ACID Fruit 600.0 650.0 -0.24 Revised USDA data received 1993.
5 STARCH Seed 200000.0 400000.0 0.36 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
1 SODIUM Seed 180.0 196.0 -0.4 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
9 SINAPIC-ACID Leaf -- -- *
7 SALICYLATES Fruit -- 75.0 -0.12 Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
5 SABINENE Fruit 500.0 1425.0 -0.09 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
5 SABINENE Root Essent. Oil -- 384000.0 -1.0 *
5 SABINENE Seed Essent. Oil -- 21100.0 -0.39 *
5 SABINENE Fruit Essent. Oil 27000.0 49000.0 -0.43 *
15 RIBOFLAVIN Seed 1.0 2.0 -0.58 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
4 PUFA Fruit 4300.0 4675.0 -0.5 Revised USDA data received 1993.
14 POTASSIUM Seed 11790.0 12857.0 0.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
2 PHYTOSTEROLS Fruit 460.0 500.0 -0.57 Revised USDA data received 1993.
2 PHYTOSTEROLS Seed 460.0 600.0 -0.49 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
1 PHYTOL Seed -- -- *
4 PHOSPHORUS Seed 1780.0 1941.0 -0.9 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
4 PHOSPHORUS Fruit 1600.0 2000.0 -0.37 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
1 PERILLIC-ACID Fruit -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
1 PENTADECANOIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
2 PALMITOLEIC-ACID Fruit 200.0 650.0 -0.23 Revised USDA data received 1993.
13 PALMITIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
13 PALMITIC-ACID Seed 5828.0 8400.0 -0.53 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
13 PALMITIC-ACID Fruit 840.0 6195.0 -0.27 Revised USDA data received 1993.
16 P-CYMENE Fruit 130.0 28000.0 3.13 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
16 P-CYMENE Root Essent. Oil -- 7000.0 -0.58 *
16 P-CYMENE Seed Essent. Oil -- -- *
16 P-CYMENE Fruit Essent. Oil -- 5000.0 -1.0 *
25 P-COUMARIC-ACID Leaf -- -- *
25 P-COUMARIC-ACID Fruit -- 19.0 -0.68 *
18 OLEIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
18 OLEIC-ACID Fruit 8500.0 9240.0 -0.41 Revised USDA data received 1993.
18 OLEIC-ACID Seed 41942.0 62600.0 -0.46 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
39 NIACIN Seed 11.0 12.0 -0.92 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
5 NERYL-ACETATE Seed Essent. Oil -- -- *
5 NERYL-ACETATE Fruit -- -- Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
11 NEROLIDOL Fruit 448.0 1280.0 -0.28 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
11 NEROLIDOL Seed Essent. Oil -- 12000.0 *
10 NEROL Fruit 10.0 30.0 1.73 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
10 NEROL Seed Essent. Oil -- 3000.0 -1.0 *
1 N-NONACOSANE Seed -- -- *
1 N-HEPTANE Seed Essent. Oil -- 17900.0 *
5 MYRTENAL Fruit Essent. Oil -- -- *
6 MYRISTIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
6 MYRISTIC-ACID Fruit 300.0 325.0 -0.25 Revised USDA data received 1993.
22 MYRCENE Fruit 336.0 3000.0 0.08 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
22 MYRCENE Seed Essent. Oil -- 271400.0 2.19 *
22 MYRCENE Root Essent. Oil -- 186000.0 1.99 *
22 MYRCENE Fruit Essent. Oil 14000.0 19000.0 -0.71 *
13 MUFA Fruit 8700.0 9455.0 -0.12 Revised USDA data received 1993.
30 MENTHONE Seed Essent. Oil -- 57700.0 *
14 MANGANESE Fruit 66.0 280.0 1.44 *
27 LINOLEIC-ACID Seed 7035.0 10500.0 -0.83 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
27 LINOLEIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
27 LINOLEIC-ACID Fruit 3100.0 3370.0 -0.31 Revised USDA data received 1993.
7 LINALYL-ACETATE Fruit 1197.0 8000.0 *
7 LINALYL-ACETATE Plant 1197.0 8000.0 3.27 *
53 LINALOOL Fruit 1288.0 8000.0 1.65 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
53 LINALOOL Seed Essent. Oil -- 26000.0 -0.46 *
53 LINALOOL Fruit Essent. Oil 51000.0 64000.0 1.41 *
60 LIMONENE Fruit Essent. Oil -- 25000.0 -1.16 *
60 LIMONENE Fruit 595.0 9481.0 0.61 *
60 LIMONENE Seed Essent. Oil -- 84600.0 -0.52 *
7 LAURIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
6 IRON Seed 140.0 153.0 0.01 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
6 IRON Fruit 42.0 66.0 -0.27 *
2 HUMULENE Fruit Essent. Oil -- -- *
2 HEXANOIC-ACID Fruit -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
5 GERANYL-ACETATE Fruit 525.0 1500.0 1.59 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
35 GERANIOL Plant 49.0 140.0 -0.43 *
35 GERANIOL Fruit Essent. Oil -- 12000.0 *
35 GERANIOL Seed Essent. Oil -- 5000.0 -1.28 *
14 GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL Seed -- -- *
11 GAMMA-TERPINENE Fruit 49.0 140.0 -0.63 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
11 GAMMA-TERPINENE Root Essent. Oil -- 33000.0 -1.0 *
15 FIBER Seed 113000.0 123000.0 -0.09 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
15 FIBER Fruit 201000.0 251000.0 1.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
6 EUGENYL-ACETATE Seed -- -- *
1 DODECANOIC-ACID Fruit -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
3 DECANOIC-ACID Fruit -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
7 CYANIDIN Leaf -- -- *
12 COPPER Fruit 3.8 15.4 0.2 *
2 COBALT Fruit 0.4 0.8 -0.44 *
15 CITRONELLOL Fruit Essent. Oil -- 5000.0 1.0 *
15 CITRONELLOL Fruit 14.0 40.0 2.19 *
20 CITRONELLAL Plant -- -- *
24 CHROMIUM Fruit 20.5 29.5 3.64 *
20 CHOLINE Pericarp -- 2663.0 1.0 *
20 CHOLINE Seed -- 4195.0 2.37 *
1 CHOLESTEROL Seed -- -- *
31 CARYOPHYLLENE Fruit Essent. Oil -- -- *
19 CARVONE Fruit Essent. Oil -- -- *
5 CAPRYLIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
3 CAPRIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- *
41 CAMPHOR Fruit 7.0 20.0 -0.87 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
9 CAMPHENE Seed Essent. Oil -- -- *
9 CAMPHENE Fruit 10.0 30.0 -0.34 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
2 CAMPESTEROL Seed 40.0 55.0 -0.51 *
28 CALCIUM Seed 3830.0 4177.0 0.01 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
28 CALCIUM Fruit 1300.0 1625.0 -0.51 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
102 CAFFEIC-ACID Fruit -- 2.0 -0.34 *
6 BUTYRIC-ACID Fruit -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
4 BORON Seed 1.0 14.0 -0.48 Betting on Boron, Unpublished draft by J. A. Duke on file at USDA, draft and papers relating to boron percentages. Includes Internat. Z. Vit. Ern. Forschung 43:1973 (boron).
35 BORNEOL Fruit 32.0 8000.0 1.41 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
35 BORNEOL Seed Essent. Oil -- -- *
3 BETA-TERPINEOL Seed Essent. Oil -- -- *
47 BETA-SITOSTEROL Seed 360.0 480.0 -0.45 *
13 BETA-PINENE Fruit Essent. Oil -- -- *
13 BETA-PINENE Fruit 70.0 1094.0 -0.26 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
13 BETA-PINENE Root Essent. Oil -- 28000.0 -0.83 *
13 BETA-PINENE Seed Essent. Oil 3800.0 26000.0 -0.66 *
3 BETA-PHELLANDRENE Seed Essent. Oil -- 32500.0 0.25 *
15 ASCARIDOLE Fruit -- -- Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
32 ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL Seed -- -- *
23 ALPHA-TERPINEOL Seed Essent. Oil 44000.0 448400.0 2.15 *
23 ALPHA-TERPINEOL Fruit Essent. Oil 17000.0 28000.0 0.35 *
23 ALPHA-TERPINEOL Fruit 301.0 4300.0 3.13 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
13 ALPHA-TERPINENE Root Essent. Oil -- 7000.0 -0.65 *
13 ALPHA-TERPINENE Fruit 21.0 60.0 -0.12 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
28 ALPHA-PINENE Root Essent. Oil -- 123000.0 0.14 *
28 ALPHA-PINENE Seed Essent. Oil 6900.0 17000.0 -0.62 *
28 ALPHA-PINENE Fruit Essent. Oil 12000.0 16000.0 -0.64 *
28 ALPHA-PINENE Fruit 217.0 3000.0 0.06 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
11 ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE Fruit -- -- Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
19 ACETYL-CHOLINE Pericarp -- 70.0 1.0 *
19 ACETYL-CHOLINE Seed -- 165.0 1.88 *
16 ACETIC-ACID Fruit -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
67 1,8-CINEOLE Fruit 525.0 56000.0 2.82 Duke, J. A. and duCellier, J. L. 1993. CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL 33431. 536 pp. US $312.50.
67 1,8-CINEOLE Seed Essent. Oil 23100.0 308000.0 1.0 *
67 1,8-CINEOLE Fruit Essent. Oil 342000.0 360000.0 -0.5 *
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.