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Activities: 594
Chemicals w/Activities: 153
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# Activity Chemical Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
77 ZINC Seed 9.0 25.0 -0.57 *
28 VANILLIN Leaf -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
24 VANILLIC-ACID Leaf -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
16 VANADIUM Seed -- 0.004 -0.59 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
3 VALINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 VALINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 VALINE Seed 2020.0 3810.0 -1.01 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
8 TYROSINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
8 TYROSINE Seed 1030.0 1945.0 -1.34 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
29 TRYPTOPHAN Seed 390.0 735.0 -0.88 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
2 TRIDECANOIC-ACID Seed -- -- ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
4 TIN Seed -- 1.5 -0.44 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
4 THREONINE Seed 1210.0 2285.0 -1.31 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
4 THREONINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
31 THIAMIN Seed 0.3 1.0 -1.33 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
35 TANNIN Plant -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
6 SYRINGIC-ACID Leaf -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
4 SYRINGALDEHYDE Leaf -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
14 SULFUR Seed 440.0 1370.0 -0.66 *
14 SUCROSE Juice -- 4300.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
14 SUCROSE Resin, Exudate, Sap -- 134000.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
7 SUCCINIC-ACID Root -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
7 SUCCINIC-ACID Seed -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
12 STIGMASTEROL Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
8 STEARIC-ACID Seed 584.0 32710.0 0.14 *
10 SQUALENE Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
10 SQUALENE Seed -- -- ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
11 SORBITOL Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
1 SODIUM Seed 145.0 626.0 0.28 *
4 SILICON Seed -- 370.0 -0.57 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
14 SHIKIMIC-ACID Seed -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
1 SERINE Seed 1720.0 3245.0 -1.4 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
1 SERINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
1 SERINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
60 SELENIUM Seed -- 0.02 -0.26 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
7 SALICYLATES Seed 2.0 3.0 -0.32 *
15 RIBOFLAVIN Seed 0.2 0.7 -1.08 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
1 RAFFINOSE Root -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
1 RAFFINOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap -- 900.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
1 QUINIC-ACID Seed -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
4 PUFA Seed 3660.0 26880.0 -0.6 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
14 POTASSIUM Seed 2560.0 11491.0 -0.09 *
2 PHYTOSTEROLS Seed 470.0 885.0 -0.41 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
5 PHYLLOQUINONE Oil -- 0.005 -1.09 *
4 PHOSPHORUS Seed 830.0 2400.0 -0.78 *
7 PHENYLALANINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
7 PHENYLALANINE Seed 1690.0 3190.0 -1.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
24 PECTIN Seed -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
13 PALMITIC-ACID Seed 4380.0 75495.0 0.86 *
13 P-HYDROXY-BENZOIC-ACID Leaf -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
25 P-COUMARIC-ACID Leaf -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
18 OLEIC-ACID Seed 2920.0 58958.0 -0.49 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
5 OCTANOIC-ACID Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
5 OCTANOIC-ACID Seed 4670.0 57520.0 *
3 NICKEL Seed -- 2.1 -0.51 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
39 NIACIN Seed 5.0 10.0 -0.98 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
1 N-NONACOSANE Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
2 N-HEXACOSANE Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 N-HENTRIACONTANE Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
6 MYRISTIC-ACID Seed 7650.0 133015.0 1.45 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
6 MYRISTIC-ACID Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
13 MUFA Seed 14250.0 26880.0 -0.6 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
2 MOLYBDENUM Seed -- 0.03 -0.86 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
15 METHIONINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
15 METHIONINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
15 METHIONINE Seed 620.0 1170.0 -0.81 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
1 MERCURY Seed -- 0.1 -0.12 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
63 MENTHOL Fruit -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
14 MANGANESE Seed 9.0 281.0 2.83 *
15 MALIC-ACID Seed -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
65 MAGNESIUM Seed 300.0 770.0 -0.86 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
4 LYSINE Seed 1470.0 2775.0 -1.26 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
4 LYSINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
4 LYSINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
27 LINOLEIC-ACID Seed 584.0 18694.0 -0.76 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
60 LIMONENE Fruit -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 LIGUSTRAZINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
13 LIGNIN Hull Husk -- 294000.0 1.0 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
2 LEUCINE Seed 2470.0 4660.0 -1.19 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
2 LEUCINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
7 LAURIC-ACID Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
7 LAURIC-ACID Seed 25754.0 431400.0 3.36 *
4 LACTOSE Root -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 ISOLEUCINE Seed 1310.0 2470.0 -1.02 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
3 ISOLEUCINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
6 IRON Seed 20.0 50.0 -0.47 *
12 IODINE Seed -- 0.3 -0.25 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
8 INOSITOL Resin, Exudate, Sap -- 690.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
1 HYDROXYPROLINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
7 HISTIDINE Seed 770.0 1455.0 -1.24 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
7 HISTIDINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
2 HEXANOIC-ACID Seed 585.0 7190.0 *
3 GOLD Plant -- -- *
12 GLYCINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
12 GLYCINE Seed 1580.0 2980.0 -1.15 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
12 GLYCINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
8 GLUTAMIC-ACID Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
8 GLUTAMIC-ACID Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
8 GLUTAMIC-ACID Seed 7610.0 14355.0 -1.15 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
7 GLUCOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap -- 2400.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
7 GLUCOSE Root -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
7 GLUCOSE Juice -- 19700.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
8 GENTISIC-ACID Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
14 GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL Oil -- -- *
2 GAMMA-NONALACTONE Seed -- -- Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
22 GABA Seed -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
8 FRUCTOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap -- 2100.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
8 FRUCTOSE Root -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
8 FRUCTOSE Juice -- 22200.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
15 FIBER Seed 30000.0 115000.0 -0.16 *
61 FERULIC-ACID Leaf -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
1 DELTA-DODECALACTONE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
1 DELTA-DECALACTONE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 DECANOIC-ACID Seed 4100.0 50330.0 1.0 *
3 DECANOIC-ACID Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
2 CYSTINE Seed 660.0 1245.0 -1.33 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
7 CYCLOARTENOL Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
12 COPPER Seed 3.2 33.0 1.65 *
2 COBALT Seed -- 0.2 -0.2 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
23 CITRIC-ACID Seed -- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
24 CHROMIUM Seed -- 0.2 -0.65 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
7 CHLORINE Seed -- 1007.0 1.33 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
1 CELLULOSE Hull Husk -- 266000.0 -1.14 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
5 CAPRYLIC-ACID Seed 3154.0 68305.0 1.99 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
1 CAPROIC-ACID Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
1 CAPROIC-ACID Seed 117.0 3600.0 -0.35 *
3 CAPRIC-ACID Seed 2628.0 69743.0 2.63 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
2 CAMPESTEROL Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
2 CAMPESTEROL Fruit -- 30.0 -0.4 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
28 CALCIUM Seed 71.0 476.0 -0.67 *
3 CADMIUM Seed -- 0.03 -0.33 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
4 BORON Seed 3.0 5.2 -0.9 *
47 BETA-SITOSTEROL Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
47 BETA-SITOSTEROL Fruit -- 270.0 -0.44 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
9 BETA-AMYRIN Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 ASPARTIC-ACID Seed 3250.0 6130.0 -1.46 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
3 ASPARTIC-ACID Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 ASPARTIC-ACID Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
112 ASCORBIC-ACID Seed 20.0 88.0 -0.29 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
2 ARSENIC Seed -- 0.02 -0.62 Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
14 ARGININE Seed 5460.0 10300.0 -0.61 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
14 ARGININE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
14 ARGININE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
5 ALUMINUM Seed -- 7.2 -0.35 *
5 ALUMINUM Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
32 ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL Oil -- 18.0 -0.67 *
32 ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL Seed 7.0 13.0 -0.69 *
32 ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
23 ALPHA-TERPINEOL Fruit -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
10 ALPHA-AMYRIN Seed Oil -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 ALANINE Leaf -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 ALANINE Endosperm -- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
3 ALANINE Seed 1700.0 3205.0 -1.48 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.