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# Chemicals Activity *Reference
2 (-)-Chronotropic Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
2 (-)-Inotropic Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
1 Abortifacient *
4 Acaricide *
2 ACE-Inhibitor *
1 AChE-Inhibitor Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
2 Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
3 Allelochemic *
4 Allelopathic *
9 Allergenic *
4 Analgesic Martindale's 28th
1 Ancylostomicide Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
4 Anesthetic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
1 Ankylostomacide Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
4 Anthelmintic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
5 Antiacetylcholinesterase *
4 Antiacne *
1 Antiadenomic *
1 Antiaflatoxin *
1 Antiaggregant Tramil, 42: 511.
2 Antiallergic J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
3 Antialzheimeran? L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase.
1 Antiarthritic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
2 Antiasthmatic *
2 Antiatherosclerotic *
1 Antibacillary *
16 Antibacterial Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.
2 Antibronchitic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
1 Anticancer *
1 Anticancer (Pancreas) *
3 Anticariogenic Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
1 Anticatarrh Martindale's 29th
2 Anticholinesterase L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase.
1 Anticholinesterase? L. Gracza (1985) as cited by Buchbauer re antiacetylcholinesterase.
1 Anticonvulsant *
1 Antidiarrheic Wealth of India.
1 Antidiuretic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-92.
1 Antidysenteric Wealth of India.
1 AntiEBV *
1 Antiemetic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
1 Antiesophagitic *
1 Antifatigue *
5 Antifeedant Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
1 Antifibrositic Martindale's 28th
3 Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
2 Antihalitosic American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
2 Antihelicobacter *
2 Antiherpetic *
6 Antiinflammatory *
1 Antilaryngitic *
1 Antilepric Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
1 Antilithic *
1 Antilithic? Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1 Antilymphomic *
1 Antimalarial Rukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
3 Antimelanomic *
1 Antimetastatic (Stomach) *
2 Antimutagenic Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
1 Antineuralgic Martindale's 28th
1 Antineuritic *
3 Antinitrosaminic *
2 Antinociceptive *
1 Antiobesity *
7 Antioxidant Jim Duke's personal files.
2 Antioxidant (LDL) *
1 Antiperiodontic *
1 Antipharyngitic *
3 Antiplaque Osawa, K., Matsumoto, T., Maruyama, T., Takiguchi, T., Okuda, K., and Takazoe, I., Studies of the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and their constituents against periodontopathic bacteria, Bull Tokyo Dent. Coll., 31 (1), 1990, 17-21
1 Antiplasmodial Rukunga, G. and Simons, A. J. 2006. The Potential of Plants as a Source of Antimalarial Agents - A Review. Africa Herbal Antimalaria Meeting. PlantaPhile Publications, Berlin. 72 pp.
1 Antipneumonic *
1 Antiprostaglandin *
1 Antipruritic Merck 11th Edition
2 Antiradicular Jimenez, J., Navarro, M.C., Montilla, M.P., Martin, A. and Martinez, A. 1993. Thymus zygis Oil: Its Effects on CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Free Radical Scavenger Activity. JEO5: 153-8.
1 Antirheumatalgic Martindale's 28th
2 Antirheumatic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
1 Antirhinitic *
2 Antirhinoviral Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
3 Antisalmonella *
13 Antiseptic *
1 Antisinusitic *
13 Antispasmodic Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
4 Antistaphylococcic *
2 Antistreptococcic *
1 Antitrichinosic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
1 Antitubercular *
3 Antitumor Yu, S.G., Anderson, P.J., and Elson, C.E. 1995. Efficacy of B-Ionone in the Chemoprevention of Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2144-2147.
1 Antitumor (Breast) *
2 Antitumor (Colon) *
2 Antitumor (Pancreas) *
1 Antitumor (Prostate) *
1 Antitumor (Skin) *
1 Antitumor (Stomach) *
4 Antitussive Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.
6 Antiulcer Yamahara, J., et al. Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of... Yakugaku Zasshi 112: 645-655 (1992).
7 Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
1 Antiyeast *
1 Apoptotic *
1 Ascaricide Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
1 Ataxigenic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
1 Bacteriostatic Chin. J. Tuber. Respir. Dis.
1 Bronchoprotectant *
4 Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
6 Candidicide *
1 Candidistat *
1 Carcinogenic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
3 Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
3 Chemopreventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
1 Choleretic *
1 Cholesterolytic *
3 CNS-Stimulant *
1 Coleoptophile *
2 Convulsant *
1 Cosmetic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
3 Counterirritant Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
1 Culicide *
2 Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor *
1 Cytochrome-P450-Inducer *
2 Decongestant Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
1 Degranulant *
1 Deliriant Merck 11th Edition
2 Dentifrice Martindale's 29th
2 Deodorant Martindale's 28th
1 Dermatitigenic *
1 Detoxicant *
1 Diuretic *
1 Ecbolic *
1 Edemagenic *
1 Embryotoxic *
2 Emetic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-97.
1 Enterocontractant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
2 Enterorelaxant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
1 Enterotoxic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
1 Epileptigenic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
2 Estrogenic *
11 Expectorant Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
21 FLavor Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
13 Fungicide Merck 11th Edition
1 Fungiphilic J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283.
1 Fungistat *
1 Gastroirritant Martindale's 29th
1 Gastroprotective *
1 Glutathionigenic *
2 Gram(+)icide *
2 Gram(-)icide *
1 GST-Inducer *
1 Hepatotonic *
8 Herbicide Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
1 Histaminic *
1 Hypocholesterolemic? Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1 Hypotensive *
1 Hypothermic *
1 Immunomodulator *
1 Inflammatory *
1 Insect-Repellent *
4 Insecticide *
15 Insectifuge *
3 Insectiphile Merck 11th Edition
1 Interleukin-6-Inhibitor *
12 Irritant Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
2 Larvicide Berenbaum, M. R., The natives knew, Chemtech, (May), 1990, 275-279.
1 Laxative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
1 Lipolytic *
1 Molluscicide *
1 Motor-Stimulant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
1 Mycobactericide *
5 Myorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
8 Nematicide Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
1 Neurotoxic *
1 NO-Genic *
1 Occuloirritant *
1 Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor *
1 Ozone-Scavenger *
4 P450-2B1-Inhibitor *
2 P450-Inducer *
1 Pediculicide *
1 Perfume Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
18 Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1 Peristaltic *
25 Pesticide *
1 Pheromone *
1 Photosensitizer Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
1 Prostaglandin-Inhibitor *
1 Renoirritant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
1 Respirainhibitor Merck 11th Edition
1 Respirastimulant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
2 Rubefacient *
1 Secretogogue *
11 Sedative *
5 Spasmogenic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
1 Spasmolytic *
1 Spermicide *
1 Sprout-Inhibitor Duke, J.A.. Personal Communication.
1 Stimulant R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
2 Stomachic *
1 Surfactant *
1 Termiticide *
1 Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer *
2 Tracheorelaxant *
1 Tranquilizer Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
5 Transdermal *
6 Trichomonicide *
1 Tyrosinase-Inhibitor *
1 Ulcerogenic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
1 Urinary-Antiseptic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
1 Varroacide *
1 Vermicide Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus.
1 Vermifuge *
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.