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# Chemicals Activity *Reference
1 (-)-Chronotropic Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
1 (-)-Inotropic Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
1 11B-HSD-Inhibitor *
1 ABeta-Inhibitor *
6 Acaricide *
2 ACE-Inhibitor *
2 AChE-Inhibitor Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
1 Adenylate-Cyclase-Inhibitor *
6 Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor *
3 Allelochemic *
3 Allelopathic *
12 Allergenic *
6 Analgesic *
4 Anesthetic *
2 Anthelmintic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
15 Antiacetylcholinesterase *
3 Antiacne *
1 AntiADD *
1 Antiadenomic *
2 Antiaflatoxin *
4 Antiaggregant *
1 Antiaging *
7 Antiallergic J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
1 Antialzheimeran *
2 Antialzheimeran? Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
2 Antianaphylactic *
1 Antiangiogenic *
1 Antianoxic Yamahara, J., Matsuda, H., Naitoh, Y., Fujimura, H., and Tamai, Y. 1990. Antianoxic Action and Active Constituents of Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(7): 2033-2034, 1990.
1 Antiarrhythmic *
4 Antiasthmatic *
1 Antiatherosclerotic *
2 Antibacillary *
1 Antibacillus *
16 Antibacterial *
2 Antibronchitic Martindale's 28th
2 Anticancer *
1 Anticancer (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
1 Anticancer (Lung) *
5 Anticariogenic Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
1 Anticatarrh Martindale's 29th
2 Anticholinesterase *
1 Anticoagulant Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
1 Anticolic *
2 Anticomplementary Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
2 Anticonvulsant *
1 Antidandruff A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp.
1 Antidepressant *
2 Antidermatitic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
1 Antidiarrheic *
1 Antidysenteric *
1 AntiEBV *
4 Antiedemic Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
2 Antiescherichic *
1 Antiesophagitic *
1 Antiestrogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
1 Antifatigue *
8 Antifeedant Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
3 Antiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
1 Antigliomic *
1 Antiglutamaergic *
1 Antigonadotropic *
2 Antihalitosic American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
1 Antihelicobacter *
1 Antihemolytic Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 729, 1988.
2 Antihepatotoxic *
2 Antiherpetic Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.
6 Antihistaminic Ortiz De Urbina, A.V., Martin, M.L., Montero, M.J., Carron, R., Sevilla, M.A., San Roman, L. 1989. Antihistaminic activity of pulegone on the guinea-pig ileum. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 295-296, 1990.
3 AntiHIV *
1 Antihypertensive *
1 Antihyperthyroid *
10 Antiinflammatory *
1 Antiintegrase *
1 Antilaryngitic *
1 Antileishmanic *
2 Antileukemic *
1 Antileukotriene *
2 Antilipolytic *
1 Antilipoperoxidant *
2 Antilisteria *
1 Antilithic *
1 Antilithic? Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
2 Antilymphomic *
1 Antimalarial *
1 Antimange *
1 Antimelanomic *
1 Antimetastatic *
1 Antimetastatic (Stomach) *
1 Antimite *
8 Antimutagenic Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
2 Antinephritic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
1 Antineuralgic *
2 Antinitrosaminic *
2 Antinociceptive Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
1 Antiobesity *
1 Antiodontalgic Martindale's 28th
1 Antionychyotic Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
1 Antiophidic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.
9 Antioxidant *
1 Antioxidant (LDL) *
1 Antipeptic Chem & Pharm. Bull., 34: 3854, 1986.
1 Antiperistaltic *
1 Antipharyngitic *
2 Antiplaque *
1 Antipneumonic *
4 Antiproliferant *
1 Antiproliferative *
1 Antiprostaglandin Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
1 Antiproteolytic Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
1 Antipruritic Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
1 Antipulmonotic Tyler, V.E.. 1994.
2 Antipyretic *
3 Antiradicular *
1 Antirenitic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
1 Antirheumatalgic Martindale's 28th
2 Antirheumatic *
1 Antirhinitic *
3 Antisalmonella *
11 Antiseptic *
2 Antishock Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 735, 1988.
2 Antisinusitic Martindale's 28th
13 Antispasmodic Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
5 Antistaphylococcic *
3 Antistreptococcic *
1 Antistress *
1 Antisyncopic *
1 Antitartar *
1 Antithyreotropic *
2 Antithyroid Jim Duke's personal files.
5 Antitumor *
2 Antitumor (Breast) *
1 Antitumor (Cervix) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
1 Antitumor (Colon) *
1 Antitumor (Lung) *
1 Antitumor (Pancreas) *
1 Antitumor (Prostate) *
1 Antitumor (Skin) *
1 Antitumor (Stomach) *
1 Antitumor-Promoter *
1 Antitumor-Promoter? *
1 Antitussive *
6 Antiulcer *
1 Antiuremic *
1 Antivaginitic *
8 Antiviral *
1 Antivulvitic *
2 Anxiolytic *
4 Apoptotic *
2 Aromatase-Inhibitor Journal of Medicinal Food 2: 235.1999.
1 Astringent Merck 11th Edition
1 Avifuge *
1 Barbituate-Synergist *
1 Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor *
1 Bradycardic Martindale's 28th
1 Bronchomucolytic Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200.
1 Bronchomucotropic Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
1 Bronchoprotectant *
1 Bronchorelaxant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
1 Bronchorrheic Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200.
5 Calcium-Antagonist *
1 Calcium-Antagonist? Biochimica & Biophysica Acta, 1115: 69, 1991.
11 Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
6 Candidicide Economou, D., and Nahrstedt, A. 1991. Chemical, Physiological, and Toxicological Aspects of the Essential Oil of Some Species of the Genus Bystropogon*. Planta Medica, 57: 347, 1991.
3 Candidistat *
2 Carcinogenic Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
3 Carminative Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
2 Cerebrotoxic J. Aromatherapy 4: 24.
1 Chelator *
2 Chemopreventive *
3 Choleretic *
1 Cholesterolytic *
1 Ciliotoxic Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
4 CNS-Depressant *
1 CNS-Inhibitor *
3 CNS-Stimulant *
1 Coleoptophile *
1 Congestant Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
2 Convulsant *
1 Corrosive Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
3 Counterirritant Martindale's 29th
2 COX-1-Inhibitor *
2 COX-2-Inhibitor *
2 Culicide *
2 Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor *
1 Cytochrome-P450-1A1-Inhibitor *
1 Cytochrome-P450-Inducer *
3 Cytotoxic *
1 Decongestant *
1 Decongestant? Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990.
1 Degranulant *
2 Deiodinase-Inhibitor Jim Duke's personal files.
1 Dentifrice Martindale's 29th
1 Deodorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1 Dermatitigenic *
1 Detoxicant *
1 Diaphoretic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
1 Differentiator *
1 Diuretic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1 DNA-Protective *
1 Edemagenic *
1 Encephalopathic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
1 Enterocontractant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
1 Enterorelaxant J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
1 Estrogenic *
6 Expectorant *
21 FLavor Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
10 Fungicide *
1 Fungiphilic J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283.
4 Fungistat *
1 Fungitoxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1 GABA-nergic *
2 Gastroprotective *
1 Gastrosedative Merck 11th Edition
1 Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor *
1 Glutathionalytic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
1 Gram(+)icide *
1 Gram(-)icide *
1 GST-Inducer *
1 Hallucinogenic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
4 Hepatoprotective *
1 Hepatotonic *
2 Hepatotoxic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
7 Herbicide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
1 HIF-1alpha-Inhibitor *
1 Histaminic *
1 Hyaluronidase-Inhibitor *
1 Hypnotic *
1 Hypocholesterolemic? Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
2 Hypotensive *
2 Hypothermic *
1 ICAM-1-Inhibitor *
1 IKK-Inhibitor *
2 Immunomodulator *
1 Immunostimulant *
1 Immunosuppressant *
1 Inflammatory *
1 iNOS-Inhibitor *
1 Inotropic *
8 Insecticide *
13 Insectifuge *
1 Insectiphile J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
2 Interleukin-6-Inhibitor *
1 Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
13 Irritant Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
3 Larvicide *
1 Laxative Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
1 Lipolytic *
2 Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor *
2 MAO-Inhibitor *
1 MAPK-Inhibitor *
1 Mosquitocide *
1 Mosquitofuge *
3 Motor-Depressant Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC
1 Musculotropic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
3 Mutagenic *
5 Myorelaxant Martindale's 29th
1 NADH-Oxidase-Inhibitor *
1 Narcotic Martindale's 29th
8 Nematicide Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
1 Nephrotoxic R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
1 Neurodepressant Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
1 Neurogenic *
1 Neuropathogenic Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
1 Neuroprotective *
2 Neurotoxic *
1 NF-kB-Inhibitor *
1 NO-Genic *
1 NO-Synthase-Inhibitor *
1 Nociceptive Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
1 Nodulation-Signal Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
3 Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor *
1 Ozone-Scavenger *
1 P21-Inducer *
2 P450-2B1-Inhibitor *
2 P450-Inducer *
1 Pediculicide *
1 Perfume Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
22 Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
1 Peristaltic *
27 Pesticide *
1 Pheromone *
1 Photosensitizer Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
1 PKC-Inhibitor *
1 Plasmodicide *
1 Polyamine-Synthesis-Inhibitor *
1 Preservative Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
1 Progestational *
1 Prooxidant Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp.
1 Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor *
1 Protisticide *
1 Psychoactive *
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.