| Use | Reference | |
|---|---|---|
| Poison | Guatemala | Standley, P.C., and J.A. Steyermark. 1952. Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana Botany, vol, 24, pt. 3. Museum of Natl. History, Chicago. |
| Poison | Venezuela | Pittier, H. 1926. Manual de las Plantas Usuales de Venezuela. Litografia del Comercio, Caracas, Venezuela. |
| Raticide | Guatemala | Standley, P.C., and J.A. Steyermark. 1952. Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana Botany, vol, 24, pt. 3. Museum of Natl. History, Chicago. |