| Depurative |
US(Amerindian) |
Krochmal, Arnold and Connie. 1973. A guide to the medicinal plants of the United States. Quadrangle/The N.Y. Times Book Co. |
| Depurative |
Mexico |
Standley, Paul C. Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Contributions U.S. National Herbarium, vol. 23. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. |
| Diuretic |
Mexico |
Standley, Paul C. Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Contributions U.S. National Herbarium, vol. 23. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. |
| Emetic |
US |
Uphof, J.C. Th. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants. 2nd ed. Verlag von J. Cramer. |
| Emetic |
Mexico |
Standley, Paul C. Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Contributions U.S. National Herbarium, vol. 23. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. |
| Emetic |
North America |
|
| Emetic |
US(Appalachia) |
|
| Emetic |
US(Appalachia) |
|
| Herbistat |
Elsewhere |
|
| Laxative |
US(Amerindian) |
Krochmal, Arnold and Connie. 1973. A guide to the medicinal plants of the United States. Quadrangle/The N.Y. Times Book Co. |
| Narcotic |
US(Amerindian) |
Krochmal, Arnold and Connie. 1973. A guide to the medicinal plants of the United States. Quadrangle/The N.Y. Times Book Co. |
| Purgative |
US |
|
| Purgative |
Mexico |
Standley, Paul C. Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Contributions U.S. National Herbarium, vol. 23. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. |
| Stimulant |
US(Appalachia) |
|
| Stimulant |
Mexico |
Standley, Paul C. Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Contributions U.S. National Herbarium, vol. 23. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. |
| Stimulant |
Elsewhere |
|
| Tea |
US(Amerindian) |
Lewis and Elvin-Lewis, Medical Botany, ca 1977 |
| Tea |
North America |
|
| Tonic |
North America |
|
| Tonic |
US(Amerindian) |
Krochmal, Arnold and Connie. 1973. A guide to the medicinal plants of the United States. Quadrangle/The N.Y. Times Book Co. |