| Use | Reference | |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer | Europe | Hartwell, J.L. 1967-71. Plants used against cancer. A survey. Lloydia 30-34. |
| Emetic | German | Steinmetz, E.F. 1957. codex Vegetabilis. Published by the author, Amsterdam. |
| Fungoid | West Indies | Hartwell, J.L. 1967-71. Plants used against cancer. A survey. Lloydia 30-34. |
| Poison | Africa | Steinmetz, E.F. 1957. codex Vegetabilis. Published by the author, Amsterdam. |
| Purgative | English | Steinmetz, E.F. 1957. codex Vegetabilis. Published by the author, Amsterdam. |