Data Views

Total Plants: 190
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Plant Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
Cucurbita pepoSeed17960.0 39220.0 4.09 *
Cucurbita foetidissimaSeed14735.0 27700.0 2.42 *
Ceratonia siliquaSeed-- 24910.0 2.02 Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
Moringa oleiferaShoot5170.0 24225.0 1.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Nasturtium officinaleHerb1120.0 22400.0 1.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Nigella sativaSeed8840.0 20700.0 1.41 *
Sesamum indicumSeed5890.0 19918.0 1.3 *
Arachis hypogaeaSeed15760.0 18993.0 1.16 *
Glycine maxSeed16870.0 18445.0 1.08 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Corchorus olitoriusLeaf2140.0 17420.0 1.86 *
Allium schoenoprasumLeaf1390.0 17375.0 1.85 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Lupinus albusSeed15390.0 17185.0 0.9 *
Spinacia oleraceaPlant1340.0 15914.0 1.69 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Amaranthus sp.Leaf1320.0 15880.0 1.45 *
Chenopodium albumLeaf2490.0 15861.0 1.45 *
Juglans cinereaSeed15080.0 15601.0 0.67 *
Phaseolus vulgarisSprout Seedling1440.0 15484.0 1.26 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Helianthus annuusSeed14610.0 15400.0 0.64 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Mucuna pruriensSeed7200.0 15265.0 0.62 *
Pinus pineaSeed12230.0 15000.0 0.59 *
Carum carviSeed13220.0 14675.0 0.54 Revised USDA data received 1993.
Acacia farnesianaLeaf2720.0 14590.0 1.11 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Trigonella foenum-graecumSeed10630.0 14366.0 0.49 *
Opuntia ficus-indicaSeed-- 14200.0 0.47 Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Sinapis albaSeed13120.0 14038.0 0.45 *
Ipomoea aquaticaLeaf990.0 13150.0 0.73 *
Prunus dulcisSeed12360.0 12929.0 0.29 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Asparagus officinalisShoot990.0 12774.0 -1.0 *
Juglans nigraSeed12030.0 12580.0 0.24 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusSeed11400.0 12437.0 0.21 *
Foeniculum vulgareFruit11070.0 12144.0 3.3 *
Foeniculum vulgareSeed11070.0 12144.0 0.17 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vicia fabaSeed2300.0 12100.0 0.17 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Papaver somniferumSeed11230.0 12047.0 0.16 *
Pistacia veraSeed10950.0 11391.0 0.06 *
Lablab purpureusSeed10280.0 11345.0 0.06 *
Oenothera biennisSeed10500.0 11206.0 0.04 *
Portulaca oleraceaHerb460.0 11000.0 -1.0 *
Valerianella locustaLeaf790.0 10970.0 0.15 *
Mentha spicataLeaf1580.0 10935.0 0.14 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cnidoscolus chayamansaLeaf2170.0 10850.0 0.12 *
Lens culinarisSprout Seedling3190.0 10635.0 -0.08 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Artocarpus altilisSeed4650.0 10635.0 -0.05 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna radiataSeed9540.0 10489.0 -0.07 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l.Leaf1590.0 10232.0 -0.05 *
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.Leaf950.0 10203.0 -0.06 *
Phaseolus lunatusSeed2740.0 10090.0 -0.12 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica oleracea var. viridis l.Leaf600.0 9834.0 -0.15 *
Fagopyrum esculentumSeed-- 9750.0 -0.17 *
Basella albaLeaf670.0 9710.0 -0.19 *
Lactuca sativaLeaf570.0 9500.0 -0.24 *
Phaseolus vulgarisSeed8430.0 9474.0 -0.21 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Papaver bracteatumSeed7750.0 9350.0 -0.23 *
Cichorium endiviaLeaf580.0 9340.0 -0.29 *
Brassica chinensisLeaf430.0 9189.0 -0.33 *
Brassica rapaLeaf430.0 9189.0 -0.33 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusTuber3900.0 9155.0 1.53 *
Cicer arietinumSeed8030.0 9075.0 -0.27 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cajanus cajanSeed6860.0 8970.0 -0.29 *
Vigna angularisSeed7560.0 8734.0 -0.32 *
Pisum sativumSeed1840.0 8704.0 -0.33 *
Vigna unguiculataSeed-- 8550.0 -0.35 *
Vigna unguiculataSeed-- 8550.0 -0.35 *
Mentha x piperitaLeaf1800.0 8430.0 -0.53 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.Flower640.0 8270.0 *
Anacardium occidentaleSeed8030.0 8169.0 -0.4 *
Cucurbita pepoFruit270.0 8000.0 1.7 *
Secale cerealeSeed7010.0 7870.0 -0.45 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Juglans regiaSeed7550.0 7835.0 -0.45 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Nelumbo nuciferaRhizome1560.0 7464.0 1.0 *
Pisum sativumFruit720.0 7122.0 1.36 *
Citrus sinensisFruit50.0 7097.0 1.35 *
Cucurbita sppFruit440.0 6962.0 1.3 *
Ocimum basilicumLeaf-- 6900.0 -0.93 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Senna obtusifoliaSeed-- 6890.0 -0.59 *
Lepidium meyeniiRoot-- 6830.0 3.05 Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Bertholletia excelsaSeed6570.0 6797.0 -0.6 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Nelumbo nuciferaSeed2210.0 6697.0 -0.62 *
Phaseolus vulgarisFruit650.0 6680.0 1.19 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna radiataSprout Seedling930.0 6618.0 -1.18 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusLeaf1490.0 6436.0 -1.06 *
Sechium eduleFruit450.0 6430.0 1.09 *
Ginkgo bilobaSeed2320.0 6325.0 -0.67 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pinus edulisSeed5890.0 6260.0 -0.68 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Capsicum frutescensFruit740.0 6038.0 0.94 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Solanum tuberosumTuber620.0 5700.0 0.24 *
Triticum aestivumSeed4830.0 5635.0 -0.77 *
Solanum melongenaFruit320.0 5452.0 0.71 *
Allium cepaBulb490.0 5341.0 1.0 *
Zea maysSeed1270.0 5283.0 -0.82 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Citrus reticulataFruit20.0 5158.0 0.6 *
Aloe veraLeaf-- 5030.0 -1.43 *
Rosmarinus officinalisLeaf1590.0 4935.0 -1.46 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cucumis sativusFruit190.0 4810.0 0.47 *
Allium sativum var. sativumBulb2000.0 4800.0 -1.0 *
Opuntia ficus-indicaBud-- 4745.0 Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Abelmoschus esculentusFruit440.0 4400.0 0.31 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Calathea allouiaRoot3920.0 4310.0 1.15 *
Apium graveolensPt210.0 4290.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Raphanus sativusRoot220.0 4265.0 1.12 *
Capsicum annuumFruit310.0 4228.0 0.24 *
Larrea tridentataPlant-- 4200.0 -0.22 *
Castanea dentataSeed2268.0 4038.0 -1.0 *
Macadamia sppSeed3710.0 3815.0 -1.03 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Lycopersicon esculentumFruit23.0 3637.0 0.01 *
Brassica oleracea var. capitata l.Leaf270.0 3610.0 -1.81 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Asimina trilobaFruit389.0 3501.0 -0.04 *
Castanea mollisimaSeed1837.0 3271.0 -1.11 *
Persea americanaFruit660.0 3226.0 -0.15 *
Brassica rapaRoot250.0 3075.0 0.22 *
Phoenix dactyliferaFruit40.0 3010.0 -0.23 *
Cocos nuciferaSeed1580.0 2980.0 -1.15 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Psidium guajavaFruit410.0 2952.0 -0.25 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Prunus armeniacaFruit400.0 2930.0 -0.26 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Averrhoa carambolaFruit260.0 2860.0 -0.29 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pachyrhizus erosusTuber310.0 2855.0 -0.82 *
Fragaria sppFruit240.0 2847.0 -0.29 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Ipomoea batatasRoot580.0 2725.0 -0.05 *
Brassica napus var. napobrassicaRoot270.0 2610.0 -0.13 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Colocasia esculentaRoot740.0 2520.0 -0.2 *
Zingiber officinaleRhizome430.0 2486.0 -1.0 *
Zingiber officinaleRoot430.0 2486.0 -0.23 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Dioscorea pentaphyllaRoot460.0 2480.0 -0.23 *
Helianthus tuberosusTuber-- 2478.0 -0.96 Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Daucus carotaRoot300.0 2455.0 -0.25 *
Castanea sativaSeed1070.0 2353.0 -1.24 *
Beta vulgarisRoot290.0 2287.0 -0.38 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Manihot esculentaRoot640.0 2030.0 -0.57 *
Rehmannia glutinosaRoot1000.0 2000.0 -0.59 *
Avena sativaSeed-- 2000.0 -1.29 Jim Duke's personal files.*
Prunus persicaFruit240.0 1944.0 -0.64 *
Mangifera indicaFruit210.0 1900.0 -0.66 *
Perideridia gairdneriRoot-- 1842.0 -0.71 Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Vaccinium corymbosumFruit280.0 1819.0 -0.69 *
Sambucus canadensisFruit360.0 1782.0 -0.71 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Carica papayaFruit180.0 1611.0 -0.77 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Arctium lappaRoot310.0 1550.0 -0.93 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Panax quinquefoliusPlant23.0 1540.0 -0.65 *
Psidium cattleianumFruit290.0 1500.0 -0.81 *
Murraya spFruit450.0 1296.0 -0.89 *
Musa x paradisiacaFruit450.0 1296.0 -0.89 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Ananas comosusFruit65.0 1259.0 -0.91 *
Ficus caricaFruit250.0 1197.0 -0.93 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Citrullus lanatusFruit-- 1178.0 -0.94 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Psoralea esculentaRoot-- 1097.0 -1.27 Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Vitis viniferaFruit200.0 1029.0 -1.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Phyllanthus emblicaFruit198.0 980.0 -1.02 *
Theobroma cacaoSeed-- 900.0 -1.45 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Prunus domesticaFruit120.0 811.0 -1.08 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pyrus communisFruit110.0 679.0 -1.13 *
Malus domesticaPlant80.0 497.0 -0.82 *
Momordica charantiaSeed-- 38.2 -1.58 Jim Duke's personal files.
Linum usitatissimumSeed-- 0.352 -1.58 *
Salvia officinalisPlant-- -- Stitt, Paul. Why George should eat broccoli.
Allium sativum var. sativumLeaf-- -- *
Silybum marianumSeed-- -- *
Cryptotaenia japonicaRoot-- -- *
Melia azedarachPlant-- -- *
Echinacea purpureaPlant-- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Lycium chinenseLeaf-- -- List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Stachys officinalisShoot-- -- *
Lentinus edodesFruit-- -- *
Angelica sinensisRoot-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Oryza sativaPlant-- -- *
Coriandrum sativumFruit-- -- *
Camellia sinensisLeaf-- -- *
Plantago ovataSeed-- -- *
Cocos nuciferaEndosperm-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Cocos nuciferaLeaf-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Alpinia galangaLeaf-- -- *
Prunus cerasusFruit-- -- *
Crocus sativusBulb-- -- *
Pinellia ternataTuber-- -- *
Citrus paradisiFruit-- -- *
Artemisia dracunculusRoot-- -- *
Thymus vulgarisPlant-- -- Stitt, Paul. Why George should eat broccoli.
Artemisia dracunculusShoot-- -- *
Borago officinalisLeaf-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Scutellaria baicalensisRoot-- -- *
Zingiber officinaleShoot-- -- *
Zingiber officinaleTuber-- -- *
Centella asiaticaPlant-- -- =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Achillea millefoliumPlant-- -- Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae). Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994.
Urtica dioicaLeaf-- -- Jim Duke's personal files.
Canavalia ensiformisSeed-- -- *
Artemisia dracunculusLeaf-- -- *
Panax ginsengRoot-- -- *
Panax ginsengLeaf-- -- *
Harpagophytum procumbensRoot-- -- *
Tilia sp.Fruit-- -- *
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.