| Achillea millefolium | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Agastache rugosa | Tissue Culture | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Ageratum conyzoides | Shoot | -- |
2520.0 |
5.38 |
R. Vera, (1993); Chemical composition of the essential oil Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) from Reunion, Flavour Fragr. J., Vol.8, 257-260. |
| Aloysia citrodora | Plant | 2.0 |
14.0 |
-0.46 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Alpinia officinarum | Rhizome | -- |
-- |
|
Wealth of India. |
| Angelica archangelica | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Angelica archangelica | Root | 2.0 |
14.0 |
1.0 |
* |
| Aniba rosaeodora | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Artemisia salsoloides | Shoot | -- |
50.0 |
-0.12 |
V. Kaul, P. Weyerstahl, H. Wahlberg, H. Marschall, (1992); Volatile constituents of the essential oil and the absolute of Aremisia salsoloides Willd. from Ladakh,Flavour and Fragrance journal, Vol.7, 299-305. |
| Artemisia herba-alba | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Boswellia sacra | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Callicarpa americana | Leaf | -- |
3.0 |
-0.45 |
* |
| Cananga odorata | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Cannabis sativa | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Turner, C. E., El Sohly, M. A., Boeren, E. G. 1980. Constituents of Cannabis sativa L. XVII. A Review of the Natural Constituents. J Natural Products, 432: 169-234. |
| Cannabis sativa | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Chrysanthemum x morifolium | Plant | 20.0 |
75.0 |
0.5 |
Wealth of India. |
| Cinnamomum verum | Leaf Essent. Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Cinnamomum verum | Leaf | -- |
24.0 |
-0.22 |
Mallavarupu, G. R. et al. 1995. Investigation of the essential oil of cinnamon leaf grown at Bangalore and Hyderabad. Flav. & Fragr. J., 10: 239-242. |
| Citrus paradisi | Pericarp | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Citrus sinensis | Fruit | 1.0 |
2.0 |
-0.91 |
* |
| Citrus reticulata | Fruit | 1.0 |
2.0 |
-0.91 |
* |
| Copaifera spp | Gum | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Coridothymus capitatus | Shoot | -- |
0.1 |
-0.23 |
Lagouri, V., Blekas, G., Tsimidou, M., Kokkini, S., and Boskou, D. 1993. Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Oregano Plants Grown Wild in Greece. Z. Lebensm Unters Forsch 197: 20-23. |
| Cymbopogon winterianus | Plant | 40.0 |
158.0 |
1.82 |
Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952. |
| Elsholtzia pilosa | Shoot | -- |
36.0 |
-0.15 |
* |
| Elsholtzia polystachya | Leaf | -- |
10.0 |
-0.38 |
Mathela,C.S., Melkani,A.B., Bisht,J.C., Pant,A.K., Bestmann,H.J., Erler,J., Kobold,U., Rauscher,J. and Vostrowsky,O. 1992. Chemical Varieties of Essential Oils from Elsholtzia polystachya from Two Different Locations in India. Planta Medica 58: 376-379. |
| Elsholtzia polystachya | Leaf | -- |
10.0 |
-0.38 |
Mathela,C.S., Melkani,A.B., Bisht,J.C., Pant,A.K., Bestmann,H.J., Erler,J., Kobold,U., Rauscher,J. and Vostrowsky,O. 1992. Chemical Varieties of Essential Oils from Elsholtzia polystachya from Two Different Locations in India. Planta Medica 58: 376-379. |
| Eucalyptus globulus | Fruit Essent. Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Eucalyptus globulus | Leaf Essent. Oil | -- |
1000.0 |
-0.78 |
* |
| Humulus lupulus | Fruit | -- |
60.0 |
0.07 |
* |
| Hyssopus officinalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Juniperus communis | Fruit | 16.0 |
164.0 |
1.83 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Laurus nobilis | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Lavandula angustifolia | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Levisticum officinale | Root | -- |
5.0 |
-1.0 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Lindera benzoin | Leaf | -- |
3.0 |
-0.45 |
* |
| Lycopus uniflorus | Plant | -- |
8.0 |
-0.55 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Melissa officinalis | Shoot | 1.0 |
25.0 |
-0.18 |
Deutsche Apot. Ziit. 129(4):155-163. W. Schulze et al. Die Melisse. |
| Mentha spicata | Leaf | 2.0 |
33.0 |
-0.12 |
* |
| Mentha longifolia | Shoot | 1.0 |
75.0 |
-0.07 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Metrosideros sclerocarpa | Leaf | 53.0 |
212.0 |
1.89 |
* |
| Micromeria croatica | Leaf | -- |
360.0 |
3.56 |
Kirimer, N., Ozek, T., and Baser, K.H.C. 1991. Composition of the Essential Oil of Micromeria congesta. J. Ess. Oil Res., 3: 387-393. |
| Micromeria varia | Shoot | -- |
15.0 |
-0.2 |
* |
| Micromeria varia | Shoot | -- |
24.0 |
-0.18 |
Pedro, L.G., et al. 1995. Composition of the Essential oil of Micromeria varia Benth. ssp. thymoides (Sol. ex Lowe) Perez var. thymoides, and endemic species of the Madeira Archipelago. flav. & Fragr. J. 10(3): 199-202. |
| Murraya koenigii | Leaf | -- |
-- |
-0.49 |
* |
| Ocimum basilicum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705. |
| Ocimum basilicum | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Ocimum basilicum | Leaf Essent. Oil | -- |
22800.0 |
1.41 |
* |
| Opopanax chironium | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Origanum onites | Shoot | -- |
75.0 |
-0.07 |
Biondi, D., Cianci, P., Geraci, C. and Ruberto, G. 1993. Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Sicilian Aromatic Plants. Flav. & Frag. J. 8: 331-7. |
| Origanum vulgare | Plant | -- |
-- |
-0.68 |
Sezik, E., Tumen, G., Kirimer, N., Ozek, T., and Baser, K.H.C. 1993. Essential Oil Composition of Four Origanum vulgare Subspecies of Anatolian Origin. J. Ess. Oil Res., 5: 425-431. |
| Origanum vulgare | Shoot | -- |
-- |
-0.23 |
Lagouri, V., Blekas, G., Tsimidou, M., Kokkini, S., and Boskou, D. 1993. Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Oregano Plants Grown Wild in Greece. Z. Lebensm Unters Forsch 197: 20-23. |
| Origanum vulgare | Shoot Essent. Oil | 200.0 |
9700.0 |
|
* |
| Origanum vulgare | Plant | 50.0 |
200.0 |
2.48 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Origanum onites | Shoot | -- |
-- |
-0.23 |
Lagouri, V., Blekas, G., Tsimidou, M., Kokkini, S., and Boskou, D. 1993. Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Oregano Plants Grown Wild in Greece. Z. Lebensm Unters Forsch 197: 20-23. |
| Origanum vulgare | Plant | -- |
-- |
-0.68 |
Sezik, E., Tumen, G., Kirimer, N., Ozek, T., and Baser, K.H.C. 1993. Essential Oil Composition of Four Origanum vulgare Subspecies of Anatolian Origin. J. Ess. Oil Res., 5: 425-431. |
| Origanum vulgare | Plant | -- |
-- |
-0.68 |
Sezik, E., Tumen, G., Kirimer, N., Ozek, T., and Baser, K.H.C. 1993. Essential Oil Composition of Four Origanum vulgare Subspecies of Anatolian Origin. J. Ess. Oil Res., 5: 425-431. |
| Origanum vulgare | Plant | -- |
7.0 |
-0.57 |
Sezik, E., Tumen, G., Kirimer, N., Ozek, T., and Baser, K.H.C. 1993. Essential Oil Composition of Four Origanum vulgare Subspecies of Anatolian Origin. J. Ess. Oil Res., 5: 425-431. |
| Panax ginseng | Flower Essent. Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Pelargonium graveolens | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Petroselinum crispum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Pimenta dioica | Fruit | -- |
51.0 |
-0.08 |
* |
| Pimenta dioica | Leaf | -- |
50.0 |
0.07 |
* |
| Pimenta racemosa | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Pinus sylvestris | Leaf Essent. Oil | -- |
2500.0 |
-0.63 |
* |
| Pinus sylvestris | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Pinus sylvestris | Essential Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Pinus sylvestris | Wood | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Piper nigrum | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Piper nigrum | Fruit Essent. Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Rheum palmatum | Rhizome | -- |
0.5 |
|
* |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Leaf | -- |
5.0 |
-0.43 |
Soliman, F.M., El-Kashoury, M.M., Fathy, M.M. and Gonaid, M.H. 1994. Analysis and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. from Egypt. Flavour and Fragrance J. 9: 29-33. |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Resin, Exudate, Sap | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Leaf | -- |
1.0 |
-0.48 |
Soliman, F.M., El-Kashoury, M.M., Fathy, M.M. and Gonaid, M.H. 1994. Analysis and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. from Egypt. Flavour and Fragrance J. 9: 29-33. |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Leaf | -- |
1.0 |
-0.48 |
Soliman, F.M., El-Kashoury, M.M., Fathy, M.M. and Gonaid, M.H. 1994. Analysis and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. from Egypt. Flavour and Fragrance J. 9: 29-33. |
| Salvia officinalis | Plant | 2.0 |
14.0 |
-0.46 |
* |
| Salvia officinalis | Leaf Essent. Oil | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Salvia gilliesii | Shoot | -- |
36.0 |
-0.15 |
Velasco-Negueruela, A. et al. 1993. The Essential Oil of Salvia gilliesii Benth. J. Ess. Oil Res. 5: 319-320. |
| Salvia dorisiana | Shoot | 5.0 |
5.6 |
-0.22 |
Tucker, A.O. & Maciarello, M.J. 1994. The Essential Oil of Salvia dorisiana Standley. J. Ess. Oil Res. 6: 97-8. |
| Sassafras albidum | Leaf | 0.3 |
5.0 |
-0.43 |
* |
| Satureja thymbra | Shoot | -- |
37.0 |
-0.15 |
Lagouri, V., Blekas, G., Tsimidou, M., Kokkini, S., and Boskou, D. 1993. Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Oregano Plants Grown Wild in Greece. Z. Lebensm Unters Forsch 197: 20-23. |
| Satureja montana | Plant | 3.0 |
70.0 |
0.43 |
* |
| Scutellaria parvula | Plant | -- |
9.0 |
-0.54 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Sideritis pauli | Shoot | -- |
6.0 |
-0.22 |
Burzaco, A., Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Perez-Alonso, M.J. 1992. Essential Oil Analysis of Sideritis pauli Pau. FFJ7: 47-8. 1992. |
| Stevia rebaudiana | Leaf | -- |
35.0 |
-0.09 |
Kinghorn, A. D. (Ed.) 2002. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles. Stevia. The genus Stevia. Taylor & Francis. New York, NY. 211 pp. |
| Stevia rebaudiana | Flower | -- |
80.0 |
|
Kinghorn, A. D. (Ed.) 2002. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles. Stevia. The genus Stevia. Taylor & Francis. New York, NY. 211 pp. |
| Syzygium aromaticum | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Syzygium aromaticum | Leaf | 25.0 |
160.0 |
1.31 |
Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp. |
| Tagetes lucida | Shoot | -- |
30.0 |
-0.17 |
Bicchi, C., Fresia, M., Rubiolo, P., Monti, D., Franz, C., Goehler, I. 1997. Constituents of Tagetes lucida Cav. ssp. lucida essential oil. Flavor & Fragrance, 12(1): 47-52. |
| Tamarindus indica | Fruit Essent. Oil | -- |
4000.0 |
|
* |
| Tanacetum vulgare | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Teucrium scorodonia | Shoot | -- |
1.22 |
-0.23 |
Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Perez-Alonso, M.J. 1990. The Volatiles of Six Teucrium Species from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Phytochemistry 29(4): 1165-9. |
| Teucrium oxylepis | Shoot | -- |
7.9 |
-0.22 |
Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Perez-Alonso, M.J. 1990. The Volatiles of Six Teucrium Species from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Phytochemistry 29(4): 1165-9. |
| Teucrium kotschyanum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
-0.49 |
Arnold, N., Bellomaria, B., Velentini G. and Rafaiani, S.M. 1991. Comparative Study on Essential Oil of Some Teucrium Species from Cyprus. J. Ethnopharm. 35: 105-113. |
| Teucrium cyprium | Leaf | -- |
-- |
-0.49 |
Arnold, N., Bellomaria, B., Velentini G. and Rafaiani, S.M. 1991. Comparative Study on Essential Oil of Some Teucrium Species from Cyprus. J. Ethnopharm. 35: 105-113. |
| Teucrium salviastrum | Shoot | -- |
1.9 |
-0.23 |
Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Perez-Alonso, M.J. 1990. The Volatiles of Six Teucrium Species from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Phytochemistry 29(4): 1165-9. |
| Teucrium polium | Shoot | -- |
0.5 |
-0.23 |
Perez-Alonso, M.J. Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Lopez-Saez, J.A. 1993. The Essential Oils of Two Iberian Teucrium Species. J. Ess. Oil Res. 5: 397-402. |
| Teucrium arduini | Shoot | -- |
68.0 |
-0.08 |
Blazevic, N., Kalodera, Z., Petricic, J., and Plazibat, M. 1992. Essential Oil Content and Composition of Teucrium arduini L. J. Ess. Oil Res. 4: 223-225. |
| Teucrium gnaphalodes | Shoot | -- |
1.5 |
-0.23 |
Perez-Alonso, M.J. Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Lopez-Saez, J.A. 1993. The Essential Oils of Two Iberian Teucrium Species. J. Ess. Oil Res. 5: 397-402. |
| Teucrium pseudoscorodonia | Shoot | -- |
0.56 |
-0.23 |
Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Perez-Alonso, M.J. 1990. The Volatiles of Six Teucrium Species from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Phytochemistry 29(4): 1165-9. |
| Teucrium asiaticum | Shoot | -- |
0.1 |
-0.23 |
Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Perez-Alonso, M.J. 1990. The Volatiles of Six Teucrium Species from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Phytochemistry 29(4): 1165-9. |
| Teucrium oxylepis | Shoot | -- |
0.99 |
-0.23 |
Velasco-Negueruela, A. and Perez-Alonso, M.J. 1990. The Volatiles of Six Teucrium Species from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Phytochemistry 29(4): 1165-9. |
| Teucrium arduini | Shoot | -- |
68.0 |
-0.08 |
Blazevic, N., Kalodera, Z., Petricic, J., and Plazibat, M. 1992. Essential Oil Content and Composition of Teucrium arduini L. J. Ess. Oil Res. 4: 223-225. |
| Teucrium micropodioides | Leaf | -- |
-- |
-0.49 |
Arnold, N., Bellomaria, B., Velentini G. and Rafaiani, S.M. 1991. Comparative Study on Essential Oil of Some Teucrium Species from Cyprus. J. Ethnopharm. 35: 105-113. |
| Teucrium divaricatum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
-0.49 |
Arnold, N., Bellomaria, B., Velentini G. and Rafaiani, S.M. 1991. Comparative Study on Essential Oil of Some Teucrium Species from Cyprus. J. Ethnopharm. 35: 105-113. |
| Thymus funkii | Shoot | -- |
16.0 |
-0.2 |
Vila, R., et al. 1995. Composition and study of the variability of the essential oil of Thymus funkii Cousson. Flav. & Fragr. J. 10(6): 379-383. |
| Thymus mastichina | Plant | -- |
5.0 |
-0.6 |
Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Thymus funkii | Shoot | -- |
16.0 |
-0.2 |
Vila, R., et al. 1995. Composition and study of the variability of the essential oil of Thymus funkii Cousson. Flav. & Fragr. J. 10(6): 379-383. |
| Thymus riatarum | Shoot | -- |
25.0 |
-0.18 |
Iglesias, J., Vila, R., Canigueral, S., Bellakdhar, and Il Idrissi, A. 1991. Analysis of the Essential Oil of Thymus riatarum. J. Ess. Oil Res. 3: 43-4. |
| Thymus capitatus | Shoot | -- |
0.1 |
-0.23 |
Biondi, D., Cianci, P., Geraci, C. and Ruberto, G. 1993. Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Sicilian Aromatic Plants. Flav. & Frag. J. 8: 331-7. |
| Turnera diffusa | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Valeriana officinalis | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Vitex agnus-castus | Leaf | -- |
0.2 |
-0.49 |
Ekundayo, O., Laakso, I., Holopainen, M., Hiltunen, R., Oguntimein, B., and Kauppinen, V. 1990. The Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf Oil of Vitex agnus-castus L. J. Essential Oil Research, 2: 115-119. |