Data Views

Paginate rows. Click on column headings to sort table by that column
Plant Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
Phellodendron amurensePlant-- 517000.0 6.79 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Artemisia absinthiumLeaf334000.0 381000.0 6.47 *
Persea americanaFruit40000.0 864000.0 5.96 *
Morinda citrifoliaLeaf78000.0 348200.0 5.81 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Elaeis guineensisFruit460000.0 819000.0 5.61 *
Raphanus sativusRoot1000.0 187000.0 5.47 *
Saussurea lappaRoot-- 180000.0 5.24 *
Sechium eduleShoot22000.0 297300.0 4.74 *
Olea europaeaFruit127000.0 583000.0 3.81 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Tilia sp.Fruit30000.0 580000.0 3.79 *
Laurus nobilisFruit200000.0 550000.0 3.56 *
Mauritia flexuosaFruit250000.0 534475.0 3.44 J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Elaeis oleiferaFruit290000.0 500000.0 3.18 *
Quercus albaFlower-- 253100.0 3.08 *
Macadamia sppSeed714000.0 775000.0 2.68 *
Pothomorphe sp.Leaf34000.0 190000.0 2.66 *
Carya illinoensisSeed712000.0 753000.0 2.57 *
Canarium indicumSeed-- 728400.0 2.44 *
Curcuma longaRhizome18000.0 153000.0 2.43 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Terminalia chebulaFruit-- 400000.0 2.41 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Cocos nuciferaSeed58400.0 719000.0 2.39 *
Juglans regiaSeed400000.0 701000.0 2.29 *
Bertholletia excelsaSeed649190.0 700000.0 2.29 *
Terminalia belliricaSeed250000.0 700000.0 2.29 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Ricinus communisSeed430000.0 700000.0 2.29 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Syzygium aromaticumFlower89000.0 201000.0 2.26 *
Aleurites moluccanaSeed570000.0 690000.0 2.24 *
Virola surinamensisSeed600000.0 680000.0 2.18 *
Simarouba glaucaSeed620000.0 677000.0 2.17 *
Camellia sinensisLeaf20000.0 165000.0 2.16 *
Camellia japonicaSeed640000.0 670000.0 2.13 Wealth of India.
Thevetia peruvianaSeed500000.0 670000.0 2.13 *
Acrocomia totaiSeed-- 667500.0 2.12 *
Albizia lebbeckLeaf85000.0 160000.0 2.06 Wealth of India.
Glycine maxSprout Seedling14000.0 102000.0 2.06 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Daphne mezereumSeed60000.0 654000.0 2.05 *
Corylus avellanaSeed500000.0 650000.0 2.03 *
Carapa guianensisSeed550000.0 650000.0 2.03 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Pinus edulisSeed609000.0 648035.0 2.02 *
Xylopia aethiopicaFruit128800.0 345000.0 1.99 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Ipomoea aquaticaLeaf2000.0 156000.0 1.98 *
Rosmarinus officinalisPlant58600.0 187418.0 1.98 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pinus cembroidesSeed605000.0 637000.0 1.96 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Hydnocarpus wightianaSeed-- 632500.0 1.93 *
Trachyspermum ammiFruit218000.0 334773.0 1.92 *
Abelmoschus manihotLeaf17700.0 152586.0 1.92 *
Carthamus tinctoriusSeed200000.0 626000.0 1.9 *
Prunus dulcisSeed350000.0 621000.0 1.87 *
Persea schiedeanaFruit55500.0 323000.0 1.83 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Juglans nigraSeed563000.0 612000.0 1.83 *
Blighia sapidaSeed12000.0 611000.0 1.82 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Sassafras albidumSeed119000.0 604000.0 1.78 *
Aleurites fordiiSeed300000.0 600000.0 1.76 *
Sclerocarya caffraSeed530000.0 600000.0 1.76 *
Thevetia neriifoliaSeed500000.0 600000.0 1.76 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Santalum acuminatumSeed-- 600000.0 1.76 *
Santalum albumSeed500000.0 600000.0 1.76 *
Berberis vulgarisBark-- 43000.0 1.75 *
Terminalia catappaSeed500000.0 596000.0 1.74 *
Juglans cinereaSeed564400.0 595044.0 1.74 *
Taraxacum officinaleLeaf7000.0 143000.0 1.72 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Spondias pinnataFruit30000.0 309000.0 1.72 *
Ailanthus altissimaSeed555000.0 591000.0 1.72 *
Pimpinella anisumFruit176000.0 304000.0 1.68 *
Theobroma cacaoSeed371000.0 582300.0 1.67 *
Pachira aquaticaSeed-- 580000.0 1.66 *
Arctium lappaFruit150000.0 300000.0 1.65 *
Zingiber officinaleRoot5040.0 72000.0 1.64 *
Sesamum indicumSeed328000.0 576321.0 1.64 *
Brassica junceaLeaf12700.0 138000.0 1.62 *
Salvia officinalisLeaf21666.0 138000.0 1.62 *
Citrullus lanatusSeed200000.0 571000.0 1.61 *
Pistacia veraSeed470370.0 567000.0 1.59 *
Carica papayaLeaf8000.0 136000.0 1.58 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Piper betelLeaf8000.0 135000.0 1.57 *
Theobroma bicolorSeed342300.0 562000.0 1.56 *
Pinus pineaSeed474000.0 560500.0 1.55 *
Papaver somniferumSeed400000.0 550000.0 1.5 *
Hydnocarpus kurziiSeed300000.0 550000.0 1.5 *
Balanites aegyptiacusSeed300000.0 550000.0 1.5 *
Foeniculum vulgareFruit120000.0 280000.0 1.5 *
Acrocomia totaiFruit-- 279400.0 1.49 *
Sechium eduleLeaf23200.0 131100.0 1.49 *
Pinus gerardianaSeed320000.0 540500.0 1.45 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Juniperus communisSeed-- 539000.0 1.44 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Simmondsia chinensisSeed456000.0 538000.0 1.44 *
Cuminum cyminumFruit134000.0 270380.0 1.42 *
Eucommia ulmoidesFruit-- 270000.0 1.42 Foster, S. and Yue, C-G. 1992. Herbal Emissaries-Bringing Chinese Herbs to the West. Healing Arts Press, Rochester VT. 356 pp.
Arachis hypogaeaSeed194800.0 526834.0 1.38 *
Spartium junceumStem-- 46000.0 1.37 *
Vitellaria paradoxaSeed-- 526000.0 1.37 *
Lagenaria sicerariaSeed450000.0 525400.0 1.37 *
Helianthus annuusSeed222000.0 523800.0 1.36 *
Arecastrum romanzoffianumSeed-- 522000.0 1.35 Wealth of India.
Cucurbita maximaLeaf17500.0 124000.0 1.35 *
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusTuber9000.0 21127.0 1.35 *
Cucurbita pepoSeed300000.0 520000.0 1.34 *
Prunus armeniacaSeed400000.0 514000.0 1.31 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Musa x paradisiacaShoot8480.0 115000.0 1.29 Rizk, A.F.M. and Al-Nowaihi, A.S., The Phytochemistry of the Horticultural Plants of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar.
Citrullus colocynthisSeed150000.0 510000.0 1.29 *
Digitalis purpureaSeed-- 500000.0 1.24 *
Catha edulisSeed-- 500000.0 1.24 *
Moringa oleiferaSeed200000.0 500000.0 1.24 *
Croton tigliumSeed300000.0 500000.0 1.24 *
Arctostaphylos uva-ursiSeed20000.0 500000.0 1.24 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Musa x paradisiacaLeaf-- 118000.0 1.23 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Blighia sapidaAril200000.0 649000.0 1.23 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Momordica charantiaSeed10000.0 496000.0 1.21 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cornus floridaSeed24000.0 494000.0 1.2 *
Citrus mitisFruit24100.0 240000.0 1.19 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Annona squamosaSeed140000.0 490000.0 1.18 *
Cinnamomum aromaticumBark-- 35000.0 1.17 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Theobroma speciosumFruit92000.0 235900.0 1.16 J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Anacardium occidentaleSeed370000.0 482000.0 1.14 *
Perilla frutescensSeed13000.0 481000.0 1.14 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Lantana camaraSeed90000.0 480000.0 1.13 *
Papaver bracteatumSeed450000.0 480000.0 1.13 *
Jatropha curcasSeed300000.0 480000.0 1.13 *
Euphorbia lathyrisSeed400000.0 475000.0 1.1 *
Origanum vulgarePlant88940.0 125000.0 1.07 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Eschscholzia californicaSeed-- 468000.0 1.07 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Chelidonium majusSeed-- 466000.0 1.06 *
Theobroma angustifoliumSeed174800.0 460200.0 1.03 *
Colocasia esculentaLeaf6000.0 107000.0 1.01 *
Prunus persicaSeed399000.0 456000.0 1.0 *
Rheum rhabarbarumPt1000.0 32000.0 1.0 *
Crocus sativusSilk Stigma Style56300.0 134000.0 1.0 *
Opuntia ficus-indicaBud-- 24800.0 1.0 Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Allium cepaBulb1000.0 36079.0 1.0 *
Musa x paradisiacaHull Husk-- 87000.0 1.0 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Linum usitatissimumHay33000.0 61000.0 1.0 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Tetrapanax papyriferaPith-- 11000.0 1.0 *
Portulaca oleraceaHerb1900.0 63000.0 1.0 *
Vanilla planifoliaFruit47000.0 212000.0 0.98 *
Cimicifuga racemosaSeed326000.0 451000.0 0.98 *
Actaea racemosaSeed326000.0 451000.0 0.98 *
Luffa aegyptiacaSeed200000.0 450000.0 0.97 *
Silybum marianumSeed160000.0 450000.0 0.97 *
Azadirachta indicaSeed-- 450000.0 0.97 *
Prunus laurocerasusSeed250000.0 450000.0 0.97 *
Linum usitatissimumSeed40000.0 450000.0 0.97 *
Calendula officinalisSeed260000.0 450000.0 0.97 *
Eriobotrya japonicaSeed350000.0 450000.0 0.97 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Elaeis oleiferaSeed290000.0 450000.0 0.97 *
Citrus aurantiumSeed-- 448600.0 0.97 Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp.
Coriandrum sativumFruit110000.0 210000.0 0.96 *
Cedrus deodoraSeed-- 447000.0 0.96 *
Phyllanthus acidusFruit4000.0 209000.0 0.96 *
Cucumis meloSeed300000.0 446000.0 0.95 *
Frangula purshianaBark8864.0 32000.0 0.95 *
Buxus sempervirensSeed416000.0 443000.0 0.94 *
Xanthosoma sagittifoliumLeaf16600.0 103100.0 0.93 *
Syzygium aromaticumFruit89000.0 201000.0 0.89 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Oenanthe aquaticaFruit-- 200000.0 0.89 *
Aleurites fordiiFruit140000.0 200000.0 0.89 *
Borago officinalisLeaf7000.0 100000.0 0.87 *
Cucurbita foetidissimaSeed243000.0 428000.0 0.86 *
Pachyrhizus erosusTuber2000.0 18435.0 0.86 *
Hippophae rhamnoidesBark-- 30600.0 0.84 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Cucumis sativusSeed300000.0 425000.0 0.84 *
Maclura pomiferaSeed-- 420000.0 0.81 Smith, J. L. and Perino, J. V. 1981. Osage Orange (Maclura pomifera): History and Economic Uses. Economic Botany 35(1): 24-41
Cinnamomum camphoraSeed-- 420000.0 0.81 *
Satureja hortensisSeed-- 420000.0 0.81 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Prunus domesticaSeed390000.0 420000.0 0.81 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Nigella sativaSeed354900.0 416000.0 0.79 *
Pachira macrocarpaSeed392000.0 414000.0 0.78 *
Tropaeolum majusShoot12000.0 87600.0 0.78 *
Kalmia latifoliaLeaf-- 95000.0 0.77 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Crescentia alataSeed397000.0 411000.0 0.77 *
Raphanus sativusSeed298000.0 410000.0 0.76 *
Maclura pomiferaFruit51600.0 183400.0 0.76 Smith, J. L. and Perino, J. V. 1981. Osage Orange (Maclura pomifera): History and Economic Uses. Economic Botany 35(1): 24-41
Anethum graveolensFruit68000.0 180200.0 0.74 *
Anamirta cocculusFruit110000.0 180000.0 0.73 *
Zingiber officinaleRhizome7000.0 77000.0 0.72 *
Lupinus mutabilisFruit51000.0 178000.0 0.72 *
Gliricidia sepiumFlower2000.0 103000.0 0.71 *
Carum carviFruit127000.0 176826.0 0.71 *
Melia azedarachSeed40000.0 400000.0 0.71 *
Annona reticulataSeed-- 400000.0 0.71 *
Citrus limonSeed300000.0 400000.0 0.71 *
Ceiba pentandraSeed200000.0 400000.0 0.71 *
Myristica fragransSeed250000.0 400000.0 0.71 *
Argemone mexicanaSeed200000.0 393000.0 0.67 *
Berberis vulgarisRoot-- 43000.0 0.67 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Tropaeolum tuberosumRoot2000.0 42850.0 0.67 *
Allium schoenoprasumLeaf3000.0 89518.0 0.66 *
Consolida ajacisSeed-- 390000.0 0.66 *
Hyoscyamus nigerSeed250000.0 389000.0 0.65 *
Thymus vulgarisSeed370000.0 389000.0 0.65 *
Ocimum basilicumLeaf12000.0 89000.0 0.65 *
Mimulus glabratusShoot8000.0 80000.0 0.63 *
Arachis hypogaeaPlant22000.0 95000.0 0.63 *
Isatis tinctoriaSeed126000.0 384000.0 0.62 *
Borago officinalisSeed130000.0 383000.0 0.62 *
Akebia quinataSeed180000.0 383000.0 0.62 *
Sanguisorba minorPlant-- 94000.0 0.62 *
Urtica dioicaSeed231000.0 382000.0 0.61 *
Artemisia dracunculusSeed-- 381000.0 0.61 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Bactris gasipaesFruit28000.0 163400.0 0.61 *
Rumex crispusRoot10537.0 41000.0 0.6 *
Leonotis nepetaefoliaSeed280000.0 380000.0 0.6 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Brassica junceaSeed300000.0 380000.0 0.6 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Morus albaSeed330000.0 380000.0 0.6 *
Vernonia cinereaSeed38000.0 380000.0 0.6 *
Curcuma longaPlant28830.0 93000.0 0.6 *
Artemisia dracunculusShoot72000.0 78000.0 0.59 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Tribulus terrestrisSeed292000.0 378000.0 0.59 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Betula lentaLeaf-- 86000.0 0.59 Jim Duke's personal files.*
Glycine maxFruit51000.0 160000.0 0.58 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Marrubium vulgareSeed264000.0 372000.0 0.56 *
Ruta graveolensSeed-- 370000.0 0.55 *
Tragopogon porrifoliusRoot2000.0 39150.0 0.54 *
Arbutus unedoSeed34000.0 368000.0 0.54 *
Cucurbita maximaSeed-- 366000.0 0.53 *
Calotropis sp.Seed268000.0 366000.0 0.53 *
Terminalia chebulaSeed343000.0 364000.0 0.52 *
Tamarindus indicaFlower-- 90000.0 0.51 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Eriodictyon californicumLeaf18040.0 82000.0 0.51 *
Ligustrum lucidumFruit100000.0 150000.0 0.5 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Capparis spinosaSeed316000.0 360000.0 0.5 *
Salvia sp.Seed228000.0 360000.0 0.5 *
Capsella bursa-pastorisSeed170000.0 360000.0 0.5 *
Castanea sativaLeaf-- 81000.0 0.49 *
Cannabis sativaSeed296000.0 358000.0 0.49 *
Levisticum officinaleFruit-- 147000.0 0.48 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Oxalis tuberosaRoot6000.0 37000.0 0.47 *
Thymus vulgarisLeaf13440.0 80000.0 0.47 *
Cnidoscolus chayamansaLeaf16000.0 80000.0 0.47 *
Psoralea esculentaRoot-- 36800.0 0.46 Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Capsicum annuumFruit2000.0 144000.0 0.46 *
Lactuca scariolaSeed-- 352000.0 0.46 *
Helleborus nigerSeed-- 352000.0 0.46 *
Hedera helixSeed-- 351000.0 0.45 *
Eruca sativaSeed225000.0 351000.0 0.45 *
Piper auritumLeaf14000.0 79000.0 0.45 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Nicotiana tabacumSeed250000.0 350000.0 0.45 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Brassica oleracea var. capitata l.Seed-- 350000.0 0.45 Wealth of India.
Agrimonia eupatoriaSeed-- 350000.0 0.45 Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp.
Glaucium flavumSeed300000.0 350000.0 0.45 *
Cinnamomum verumSeed300000.0 350000.0 0.45 Wealth of India.
Phaseolus vulgarisSprout Seedling5000.0 53763.0 0.44 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Neurolaena lobataSeed-- 348000.0 0.44 *
Guarea rusbyiBark-- 25000.0 0.43 *
Eleocharis dulcisTuber2000.0 16000.0 0.41 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Thymus vulgarisPlant69480.0 80000.0 0.41 *
Allium cepaLeaf6000.0 77000.0 0.41 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Passiflora incarnataFlower9130.0 83000.0 0.4 *
Origanum majoranaPlant8000.0 77950.0 0.38 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Zizyphus jujubaSeed4000.0 335000.0 0.37 *
Achillea millefoliumSeed223000.0 334000.0 0.36 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Moringa oleiferaShoot14000.0 65600.0 0.36 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Morus albaLeaf68000.0 74000.0 0.35 *
Petroselinum crispumSeed130000.0 330000.0 0.34 *
Catalpa bignonioidesSeed44000.0 330000.0 0.34 *
Dryopteris filix-masRhizome50000.0 60000.0 0.34 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Polymnia edulisRoot3000.0 33000.0 0.34 *
Hypericum perforatumSeed-- 328000.0 0.33 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Olea europaeaLeaf-- 73000.0 0.33 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Schinus molleFruit77000.0 124000.0 0.31 *
Acalypha indicaLeaf14000.0 71800.0 0.31 Wealth of India.
Plectranthus amboinicusLeaf4000.0 71430.0 0.3 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Schinus terebinthifoliusSeed80000.0 322000.0 0.3 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Trichosanthes anguinaSeed-- 321000.0 0.29 *
Sida rhombifoliaLeaf14000.0 71000.0 0.29 *
Strophanthus hispidusSeed-- 320000.0 0.29 *
Oenothera biennisSeed140000.0 320000.0 0.29 Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Sambucus canadensisSeed201000.0 320000.0 0.29 *
Annona glabraFruit16000.0 121000.0 0.28 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Spondias mombinFruit2000.0 121000.0 0.28 *
Cymbopogon citratusPlant-- 71000.0 0.28 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Salvia sclareaSeed-- 318000.0 0.28 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Asclepias syriacaSeed91000.0 318000.0 0.28 *
Passiflora incarnataFruit33000.0 120000.0 0.28 Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
Passiflora ligularisFruit1000.0 118145.0 0.26 *
Monarda punctataSeed-- 313000.0 0.25 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Hydrangea paniculataSeed-- 313000.0 0.25 *
Bactris gasipaesSeed-- 313000.0 0.25 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Chamissoa altissimaLeaf6900.0 69000.0 0.25 Tramil
Cajanus cajanLeaf-- 69000.0 0.25 *
Sinapis albaSeed283271.0 312364.0 0.25 *
Pistacia lentiscusSeed130000.0 312000.0 0.25 *
Chrysanthemum partheniumSeed-- 312000.0 0.25 *
Tanacetum partheniumSeed-- 312000.0 0.25 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Vaccinium myrtillusSeed-- 310000.0 0.23 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Moringa oleiferaLeaf17000.0 68000.0 0.23 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Schisandra chinensisFruit17100.0 114000.0 0.23 *
Acacia senegalLeaf-- 67000.0 0.21 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Brassica nigraSeed282000.0 305195.0 0.21 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Ribes nigrumSeed250000.0 305000.0 0.21 *
Daucus carotaRoot1700.0 29000.0 0.2 *
Pimpinella anisumSeed80000.0 304000.0 0.2 *
Satureja hortensisPlant16500.0 65000.0 0.19 *
Daucus carotaSeed87000.0 302000.0 0.19 *
Leonurus cardiacaSeed-- 302000.0 0.19 *
Myrciaria caulifloraFruit-- 109000.0 0.19 *
Lepidium sativumLeaf7000.0 66040.0 0.19 *
Datura stramoniumSeed150000.0 300000.0 0.18 *
Solanum nigrumSeed215000.0 300000.0 0.18 *
Holarrhena pubescensSeed190000.0 300000.0 0.18 *
Ficus caricaSeed240000.0 300000.0 0.18 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Olea europaeaSeed-- 300000.0 0.18 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Hordeum vulgarePlant19000.0 64000.0 0.18 Jim Duke's personal files.*
Armoracia rusticanaRoot5040.0 28000.0 0.17 *
Rheum rhabarbarumLeaf1000.0 65000.0 0.17 *
Phytelephas aequatorialisFlower20000.0 68495.0 0.17 KOZIOL & PEDERSEN. 1993. PHYTELEPHAS AEQUATORIALIS(ARECACEAE) IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL NUTRITION. ECON. BOT. 47:401-307.
Liquidambar styracifluaSeed-- 297000.0 0.17 *
Theobroma cacaoFruit44000.0 104760.0 0.16 J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Nerium oleanderSeed170000.0 294000.0 0.15 *
Glycine maxPlant25000.0 62000.0 0.15 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Mirabilis expansaRoot2500.0 27000.0 0.14 *
Murraya koenigiiLeaf10000.0 63000.0 0.13 *
Artemisia vulgarisLeaf8000.0 63000.0 0.13 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Alocasia macrorrhizaLeaf1000.0 63000.0 0.13 *
Elettaria cardamomumFruit10000.0 100000.0 0.12 *
Piper nigrumFruit30940.0 100000.0 0.12 *
Cajanus cajanPlant-- 60000.0 0.12 *
Pastinaca sativaSeed173000.0 288000.0 0.12 *
Heimia salicifoliaSeed-- 287000.0 0.11 *
Muntingia calaburaFruit4000.0 97000.0 0.1 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Dipsacus fullonumSeed210000.0 283000.0 0.09 *
Silybum marianumPlant-- 58000.0 0.09 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Acacia tortilisLeaf-- 61000.0 0.09 *
Mentha x rotundifoliaSeed-- 282000.0 0.09 *
Passiflora quadrangularisFruit2000.0 95000.0 0.08 *
Limonia acidissimaSeed270000.0 281250.0 0.08 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Carthamus tinctoriusFlower8820.0 63000.0 0.08 *
Arundo donaxStem-- 30000.0 0.08 *
Apium graveolensSeed13860.0 279483.0 0.07 *
Harpagophytum procumbensRoot4750.0 25000.0 0.07 *
Psidium guajavaLeaf-- 60000.0 0.07 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Chrysophyllum cainitoFruit7000.0 93000.0 0.07 *
Valerianella locustaPlant4000.0 55555.0 0.06 *
Eupatorium odoratumSeed157000.0 275000.0 0.05 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Coffea arabicaLeaf55000.0 59000.0 0.05 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ficus caricaLeaf17000.0 59000.0 0.05 *
Eryngium floridanumShoot-- 49000.0 0.05 *
Citrullus lanatusFruit200.0 89000.0 0.04 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Pastinaca sativaRoot3000.0 24000.0 0.04 *
Asparagus officinalisRoot2400.0 24000.0 0.04 *
Yucca baccataSeed-- 272000.0 0.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Pisum sativumPlant15000.0 54000.0 0.03 *
Lycium chinenseLeaf6000.0 58000.0 0.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ipomoea batatasLeaf2000.0 58000.0 0.03 *
Beta vulgarisLeaf2000.0 58000.0 0.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Silybum marianumLeaf12760.0 58000.0 0.03 *
Cnicus benedictusSeed258000.0 271000.0 0.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Verbascum thapsusSeed35000.0 271000.0 0.03 *
Phytolacca americanaShoot4000.0 48000.0 0.03 *
Cuminum cyminumSeed134000.0 270380.0 0.03 *
Quisqualis indicaSeed230000.0 270000.0 0.02 *
Physalis ixocarpaFruit6000.0 87000.0 0.02 *
Aquilegia vulgarisSeed-- 269000.0 0.02 *
Skimmia arborescensSeed-- 268000.0 0.01 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Yucca baccataRoot4784.0 23000.0 0.0 *
Eleutherococcus senticosusRoot4830.0 23000.0 0.0 *
Valeriana officinalisRoot2714.0 23000.0 0.0 *
Hydrastis canadensisRoot6371.0 23000.0 0.0 *
Mentha pulegiumSeed-- 266000.0 0.0 *
Anemone coronariaSeed207000.0 266000.0 0.0 *
Myristica fragransAril244000.0 324000.0 -0.0 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Hordeum vulgareStem-- 29000.0 -0.0 *
Phoradendron serotinumLeaf-- 56000.0 -0.01 *
Centella asiaticaLeaf5992.0 56000.0 -0.01 *
Carthamus tinctoriusPlant16000.0 51000.0 -0.01 *
Elaeagnus angustifoliaSeed18000.0 263000.0 -0.01 *
Mentha spicataPlant6000.0 50519.0 -0.02 *
Pereskia aculeataFruit1000.0 81400.0 -0.02 *
Gentiana luteaSeed-- 260000.0 -0.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Sterculia urensSeed200000.0 260000.0 -0.03 *
Colubrina texensisShoot-- 45000.0 -0.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Lepidium meyeniiRoot16000.0 22000.0 -0.03 *
Allium ampeloprasumRoot3000.0 22000.0 -0.03 *
Cyrtosperma chamissonisLeaf6000.0 54545.0 -0.04 *
Justicia adhatodaSeed-- 258000.0 -0.04 *
Annona cherimolaSeed200000.0 258000.0 -0.04 *
Boehmeria niveaShoot32000.0 44000.0 -0.05 *
Mentha x piperitaLeaf8046.0 54000.0 -0.05 *
Ricinus communisLeaf-- 54000.0 -0.05 Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
Phaseolus vulgarisLeaf4000.0 54000.0 -0.05 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ageratum conyzoidesSeed-- 256000.0 -0.05 Wealth of India.
Petroselinum crispumPlant3792.0 48000.0 -0.05 *
Chrysanthemum partheniumPlant-- 48000.0 -0.05 *
Stellaria mediaPlant3984.0 48000.0 -0.05 *
Tanacetum partheniumPlant-- 48000.0 -0.05 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Lepidium sativumSeed150000.0 255000.0 -0.05 *
Erythroxylum cocaLeaf16000.0 53475.0 -0.06 *
Smilax sppRoot4410.0 21000.0 -0.06 *
Smilax officinalisRoot4410.0 21000.0 -0.06 *
Byrsonima crassifoliaFruit13000.0 75580.0 -0.06 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Quercus albaSeed78000.0 253100.0 -0.06 *
Alisma plantago-aquaticaRhizome-- 42000.0 -0.07 *
Carica papayaSeed-- 253000.0 -0.07 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Solanum nigrumLeaf4000.0 53000.0 -0.07 *
Amaranthus sp.Leaf2410.0 53000.0 -0.07 *
Anethum graveolensPlant43000.0 47000.0 -0.07 *
Sophora secundifloraSeed134000.0 252000.0 -0.07 *
Spinacia oleraceaPlant3070.0 46672.0 -0.07 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Peganum harmalaPlant15000.0 46450.0 -0.08 *
Durio zibethinusFruit8000.0 73800.0 -0.08 *
Schoenocaulon officinaleSeed90000.0 250000.0 -0.08 *
Dipteryx odorataSeed-- 250000.0 -0.08 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ribes rubrumSeed160000.0 250000.0 -0.08 *
Lycopersicon esculentumSeed150000.0 250000.0 -0.08 *
Salvia officinalisSeed-- 250000.0 -0.08 *
Larrea tridentataPlant15134.0 46000.0 -0.08 *
Foeniculum vulgarePlant4000.0 46000.0 -0.08 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Rhynchosia minimaShoot-- 42000.0 -0.09 *
Raphanus sativusLeaf6000.0 52000.0 -0.09 *
Platonia insignisFruit20000.0 72200.0 -0.09 *
Passiflora foetidaSeed-- 248000.0 -0.09 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Astragalus membranaceusRoot3200.0 20000.0 -0.1 *
Bupleurum chinenseRoot2200.0 20000.0 -0.1 *
Parthenium integrifoliumRoot3200.0 20000.0 -0.1 *
Ruscus aculeatusRoot6040.0 20000.0 -0.1 *
Hydrangea arborescensRoot7000.0 20000.0 -0.1 *
Mentha pulegiumPlant-- 45000.0 -0.1 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Centaurea calcitrapaSeed154000.0 246000.0 -0.1 *
Asparagus officinalisShoot2000.0 41000.0 -0.1 *
Chenopodium albumLeaf8000.0 50960.0 -0.11 *
Hyptis suaveolensSeed143000.0 244000.0 -0.11 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cassia toraPlant-- 44000.0 -0.11 *
Brassica napus var. napobrassicaRoot2000.0 19340.0 -0.12 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Mammea americanaFruit1000.0 68275.0 -0.12 *
Ocimum basilicumSeed-- 242000.0 -0.12 *
Bromelia pinguinShoot1700.0 40000.0 -0.12 *
Medicago sativaPlant8084.0 43000.0 -0.13 *
Oenothera biennisPlant23000.0 43000.0 -0.13 *
Rumex acetosaLeaf3000.0 50000.0 -0.13 *
Lactuca sativaLeaf3000.0 50000.0 -0.13 *
Coriandrum sativumLeaf6000.0 50000.0 -0.13 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Alocasia macrorrhizaRoot1000.0 19000.0 -0.13 *
Inula heleniumRoot4180.0 19000.0 -0.13 *
Rubus idaeusSeed145000.0 240000.0 -0.13 *
Lupinus mutabilisSeed140000.0 240000.0 -0.13 *
Apium graveolensFruit13860.0 66000.0 -0.14 *
Capsella bursa-pastorisPlant3200.0 42000.0 -0.14 *
Passiflora edulisSeed230000.0 238000.0 -0.14 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Heliotropium europaeumSeed-- 238000.0 -0.14 *
Apocynum cannabinumSeed226000.0 238000.0 -0.14 *
Elaeagnus commutataFruit9000.0 65000.0 -0.14 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cyphomandra betaceaFruit600.0 64000.0 -0.15 *
Paeonia officinalisSeed-- 236100.0 -0.15 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Angelica sinensisRoot3960.0 18000.0 -0.16 *
Sambucus nigraLeaf-- 48200.0 -0.16 *
Syzygium malaccenseFruit1000.0 62000.0 -0.17 *
Dioscorea bulbiferaTuber1000.0 12800.0 -0.17 *
Sesamum indicumLeaf-- 48000.0 -0.17 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Phaseolus lunatusLeaf-- 48000.0 -0.17 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Chenopodium ambrosioidesLeaf7000.0 48000.0 -0.17 *
Chrysanthemum partheniumLeaf8640.0 48000.0 -0.17 *
Achillea millefoliumPlant7080.0 40000.0 -0.17 *
Panax ginsengRoot3752.0 17700.0 -0.17 *
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusLeaf11000.0 47520.0 -0.18 *
Eugenia unifloraFruit1000.0 60275.0 -0.18 *
Fragaria sppFruit2350.0 59893.0 -0.18 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Malus domesticaSeed180000.0 230000.0 -0.19 *
Tecoma stansSeed200000.0 230000.0 -0.19 *
Allium ampeloprasumLeaf3000.0 47000.0 -0.19 *
Terminalia belliricaLeaf-- 47000.0 -0.19 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Asimina trilobaFruit6000.0 59000.0 -0.19 *
Brassica nigraLeaf2220.0 46841.0 -0.19 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Symphytum officinaleRoot-- 17000.0 -0.2 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Trifolium pratenseShoot11000.0 36000.0 -0.2 *
Elytrigia repensPlant15000.0 38000.0 -0.2 *
Chrysanthemum coronariumLeaf3000.0 46155.0 -0.21 *
Mandragora officinarumSeed-- 226000.0 -0.21 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Coriaria thymifoliaSeed-- 226000.0 -0.21 *
Acacia catechuLeaf-- 46000.0 -0.21 *
Juniperus communisFruit17360.0 56000.0 -0.21 *
Limonia acidissimaFruit6000.0 55770.0 -0.22 *
Trichosanthes anguinaFruit3000.0 55555.0 -0.22 *
Pueraria montanaShoot16000.0 35000.0 -0.22 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Vigna subterraneaFruit-- 55000.0 -0.22 *
Hibiscus sabdariffaSeed168000.0 223000.0 -0.22 *
Perideridia gairdneriRoot-- 16100.0 -0.23 Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l.Leaf7000.0 45050.0 -0.23 *
Turnera diffusaLeaf9450.0 45000.0 -0.23 *
Amaranthus spinosusLeaf3000.0 45000.0 -0.23 *
Cichorium intybusRoot2000.0 16000.0 -0.23 *
Taraxacum officinaleRoot2288.0 16000.0 -0.23 *
Colocasia esculentaRoot1000.0 16000.0 -0.23 *
Amorphophallus campanulatusRoot600.0 16000.0 -0.23 *
Beta vulgarisRoot1000.0 16000.0 -0.23 *
Annona muricataSeed-- 221000.0 -0.23 *
Abelmoschus esculentusSeed160000.0 220000.0 -0.24 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Artemisia maritimaSeed-- 220000.0 -0.24 *
Alliaria petiolataSeed-- 220000.0 -0.24 *
Datura innoxiaSeed120000.0 220000.0 -0.24 *
Averrhoa carambolaFruit800.0 52000.0 -0.24 *
Juglans nigraFruit-- 52000.0 -0.24 *
Sonchus oleraceusLeaf3000.0 44000.0 -0.25 *
Tamarindus indicaLeaf36000.0 44000.0 -0.25 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Elaeagnus umbellatusFruit9500.0 51435.0 -0.25 *
Benincasa hispidaFruit1000.0 51280.0 -0.25 *
Glycine maxSeed45000.0 218000.0 -0.25 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Amorphophallus campanulatusShoot-- 33000.0 -0.26 *
Basella albaLeaf3000.0 43475.0 -0.26 *
Raphanus sativusFruit3000.0 50000.0 -0.26 *
Hippophae rhamnoidesFruit20000.0 50000.0 -0.26 *
Tribulus terrestrisFruit35000.0 50000.0 -0.26 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Eriobotrya japonicaFruit2000.0 50000.0 -0.26 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Polygonum multiflorumRoot-- 15000.0 -0.26 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Cimicifuga racemosaRoot3150.0 15000.0 -0.26 *
Actaea racemosaRoot-- 15000.0 -0.26 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Anacardium occidentaleFruit1000.0 49000.0 -0.27 *
Erythrina fuscaLeaf8000.0 43000.0 -0.27 *
Zizyphus jujubaLeaf-- 43000.0 -0.27 *
Cedrela odorataSeed-- 214000.0 -0.27 *
Brassica chinensisLeaf2000.0 42740.0 -0.27 *
Brassica rapaLeaf2000.0 42740.0 -0.27 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Prunus cerasusFruit3000.0 48000.0 -0.27 *
Ribes uva-crispaFruit5800.0 47815.0 -0.28 *
Ullucus tuberosusRoot2000.0 14600.0 -0.28 *
Aralia cordataLeaf2000.0 42550.0 -0.28 *
Lycopersicon esculentumFruit1330.0 47441.0 -0.28 *
Nepeta catariaSeed-- 212000.0 -0.28 *
Solanum melongenaSeed198300.0 212000.0 -0.28 *
Rumex acetosaFruit-- 47000.0 -0.28 *
Phaseolus vulgarisFruit2000.0 47000.0 -0.28 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Anthriscus cerefoliumLeaf39000.0 42040.0 -0.29 *
Apium graveolensLeaf1300.0 42000.0 -0.29 *
Balanites aegyptiacusLeaf-- 42000.0 -0.29 *
Gleditsia triacanthosFruit-- 46000.0 -0.29 *
Sorbus aucubariaSeed-- 210000.0 -0.29 *
Chamaemelum nobileFlower-- 39000.0 -0.3 *
Ipomoea batatasRoot1400.0 14000.0 -0.3 *
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.Leaf3160.0 41242.0 -0.3 *
Brassica oleracea var. italicaLeaf3160.0 41242.0 -0.3 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Rubus idaeusFruit5100.0 44130.0 -0.3 Revised USDA data received 1993.
Manilkara zapotaFruit7000.0 44000.0 -0.31 *
Mimosa hostilisPlant-- 30800.0 -0.31 *
Gossypium spSeed160000.0 207000.0 -0.31 *
Pimenta dioicaLeaf36000.0 41000.0 -0.31 *
Prunus domesticaFruit6000.0 43243.0 -0.31 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Psidium guajavaFruit1000.0 43200.0 -0.31 *
Cucumis sativusFruit900.0 43037.0 -0.31 *
Sechium eduleFruit1000.0 42860.0 -0.31 *
Ananas comosusFruit1000.0 42772.0 -0.31 *
Pouteria caimitoFruit4000.0 42470.0 -0.32 *
Rumex crispusLeaf3000.0 40540.0 -0.32 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Fucus vesiculosusPlant3540.0 30000.0 -0.32 *
Triticum aestivumPlant10000.0 30000.0 -0.32 *
Tagetes erectaSeed200000.0 205000.0 -0.32 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Azadirachta indicaFruit-- 42000.0 -0.32 *
Gliricidia sepiumSeed161000.0 204000.0 -0.32 *
Cucurbita foetidissimaLeaf-- 40000.0 -0.33 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Justicia pectoralisLeaf6000.0 40000.0 -0.33 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Prunus armeniacaFruit2200.0 41000.0 -0.33 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Sanguisorba minorSeed16000.0 203000.0 -0.33 *
Angelica archangelicaSeed189000.0 203000.0 -0.33 *
Echinacea purpureaRoot3263.0 13000.0 -0.33 *
Echinacea sppRoot-- 13000.0 -0.33 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Gentiana luteaRoot2860.0 13000.0 -0.33 *
Pinus wallicianaSeed-- 202000.0 -0.33 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Luffa aegyptiacaFruit2000.0 40000.0 -0.34 *
Physalis angulataFruit4000.0 40000.0 -0.34 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Averrhoa bilimbiFruit1000.0 40000.0 -0.34 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Trifolium pratenseFlower6480.0 36000.0 -0.34 *
Cycas revolutaFruit-- 39000.0 -0.34 *
Crataegus laevigataFruit10881.0 39000.0 -0.34 *
Crataegus rhipidophyllaFruit-- 39000.0 -0.34 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Thespesia populneaSeed190000.0 200000.0 -0.34 *
Ribes uva-crispaSeed183000.0 200000.0 -0.34 *
Punica granatumSeed50000.0 200000.0 -0.34 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Gardenia jasminoidesSeed140000.0 200000.0 -0.34 *
Vitis viniferaSeed60000.0 200000.0 -0.34 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Pachyrhizus erosusSeed-- 200000.0 -0.34 *
Coix lacryma-jobiPlant-- 28000.0 -0.35 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Vigna mungoPlant-- 28000.0 -0.35 *
Actinidia chinensisFruit700.0 38400.0 -0.35 *
Momordica charantiaLeaf4000.0 39000.0 -0.35 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cenchrus biflorusShoot10000.0 28000.0 -0.35 *
Punica granatumFruit1000.0 38000.0 -0.35 *
Solanum melongenaFruit1000.0 38000.0 -0.35 *
Brassica rapaRoot1000.0 12300.0 -0.35 *
Hibiscus rosa-sinensisFlower3600.0 35290.0 -0.35 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Capparis spinosaFruit-- 37500.0 -0.35 *
Boehmeria niveaLeaf5000.0 38460.0 -0.36 *
Peperomia pelucidaLeaf3000.0 38460.0 -0.36 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Theobroma bicolorFruit2900.0 36900.0 -0.36 *
Equisetum arvensePlant5778.0 27000.0 -0.36 *
Platycodon grandiflorumRoot9000.0 12000.0 -0.36 *
Grindelia squarrosaSeed-- 196000.0 -0.37 *
Mangifera indicaLeaf4000.0 38000.0 -0.37 *
Cinnamomum verumBark11000.0 14000.0 -0.37 *
Cyclanthera pedataFruit1000.0 35100.0 -0.37 *
Malpighia glabraFruit3000.0 34924.0 -0.37 *
Hylocereus guatemalensisFruit2100.0 34850.0 -0.38 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Artocarpus altilisFruit1000.0 34400.0 -0.38 *
Eryngium creticusShoot-- 26500.0 -0.38 Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Alpinia galangaRhizome4000.0 28000.0 -0.38 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Malus domesticaFruit3210.0 34200.0 -0.38 *
Vitis viniferaFruit5010.0 33898.0 -0.38 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cydonia oblongaSeed140000.0 192000.0 -0.39 *
Cucurbita sppFruit2100.0 33230.0 -0.39 *
Allium sativum var. sativumLeaf5000.0 37000.0 -0.39 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Psidium cattleianumFruit3000.0 33000.0 -0.39 *
Vigna unguiculataFruit4000.0 32922.0 -0.39 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Lycium chinenseSeed-- 191000.0 -0.39 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Pyrus communisFruit2790.0 32198.0 -0.4 *
Morus albaFruit4000.0 32000.0 -0.4 *
Fragaria sppSeed-- 190000.0 -0.4 *
Dodonaea viscosaSeed76000.0 190000.0 -0.4 *
Brosimum alicastrumFruit5000.0 31250.0 -0.4 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Acacia tortilisFruit24400.0 31000.0 -0.4 *
Phyllanthus emblicaFruit1000.0 31000.0 -0.4 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Brassica oleracea var. viridis l.Leaf2200.0 36058.0 -0.41 *
Rhizophora mangleLeaf34000.0 36000.0 -0.41 *
Anogeissus latifoliaLeaf-- 36000.0 -0.41 *
Prosopis julifloraFruit-- 30000.0 -0.41 *
Opuntia ficus-indicaFruit4000.0 29400.0 -0.42 *
Cucumis meloFruit2600.0 29355.0 -0.42 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna unguiculataShoot2500.0 24462.0 -0.42 *
Vigna unguiculataShoot2500.0 24462.0 -0.42 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna aconitifoliaFruit-- 29000.0 -0.42 *
Humulus lupulusFruit-- 29000.0 -0.42 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Cyamopsis tetragonolobaShoot2400.0 24000.0 -0.43 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Passiflora edulisFruit7000.0 28000.0 -0.43 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Citrus limonFruit-- 28000.0 -0.43 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Ribes nigrumFruit3150.0 27977.0 -0.43 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Glycyrrhiza glabraRoot1570.0 10000.0 -0.43 *
Solanum torvumFruit4000.0 27000.0 -0.44 *
Serenoa repensFruit3510.0 27000.0 -0.44 *
Allium ampeloprasumFlower5000.0 30000.0 -0.44 *
Citrus aurantiifoliaFruit2000.0 26700.0 -0.44 *
Nelumbo nuciferaFruit24000.0 26667.0 -0.44 *
Ocimum tenuiflorumPlant-- 21700.0 -0.44 *
Opuntia ficus-indicaSeed54000.0 182000.0 -0.44 *
Canavalia ensiformisFruit2000.0 26000.0 -0.44 *
Centaurea cyanusSeed158000.0 181000.0 -0.44 *
Areca catechuShoot3000.0 23000.0 -0.44 *
Phragmites australisShoot-- 23000.0 -0.44 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Hylocereus undatusFruit1700.0 25640.0 -0.45 *
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.Flower1800.0 29400.0 -0.45 *
Anethum graveolensSeed68000.0 180200.0 -0.45 *
Spirulina spp.Plant-- 21000.0 -0.45 *
Spirulina pratensisPlant-- 21000.0 -0.45 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Vaccinium corymbosumFruit3740.0 25090.0 -0.45 *
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusSeed5430.0 180020.0 -0.45 *
Areca catechuSeed44000.0 180000.0 -0.45 *
Malva parvifloraSeed130000.0 180000.0 -0.45 *
Carum carviSeed100000.0 180000.0 -0.45 *
Plantago majorSeed54000.0 180000.0 -0.45 *
Ammi visnagaSeed120000.0 180000.0 -0.45 *
Phoenix dactyliferaFruit1000.0 25000.0 -0.45 *
Sambucus canadensisFruit5000.0 24750.0 -0.45 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Humulus lupulusFlower5394.0 29000.0 -0.45 *
Colubrina texensisSeed-- 179000.0 -0.46 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Conium maculatumSeed116000.0 179000.0 -0.46 *
Brassica oleracea var. capitata l.Leaf1090.0 33559.0 -0.46 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Annona muricataFruit2000.0 24000.0 -0.46 *
Ficus caricaFruit2000.0 24000.0 -0.46 *
Tetragonia tetragonioidesLeaf2000.0 33335.0 -0.46 *
Amorphophallus konjacRoot-- 9000.0 -0.46 *
Xanthosoma sagittifoliumRoot1000.0 9000.0 -0.46 *
Allium sativum var. sativumRoot3330.0 9000.0 -0.46 *
Vigna mungoFruit-- 23000.0 -0.47 *
Gliricidia sepiumLeaf5000.0 33000.0 -0.47 *
Robinia pseudoacaciaLeaf30000.0 33000.0 -0.47 *
Hibiscus sabdariffaLeaf3000.0 33000.0 -0.47 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Tilia sp.Leaf29000.0 33000.0 -0.47 *
Casimiroa edulisFruit300.0 22222.0 -0.47 *
Passiflora foetidaFruit400.0 22220.0 -0.47 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Citrus reticulataFruit1900.0 22000.0 -0.47 *
Vaccinium myrtillusFruit1760.0 22000.0 -0.47 *
Carica papayaFruit2970.0 22000.0 -0.47 *
Peganum harmalaSeed135000.0 175000.0 -0.48 *
Vigna aconitifoliaPlant-- 19000.0 -0.48 *
Ephedra sinicaPlant3990.0 19000.0 -0.48 *
Eupatorium perfoliatumPlant1710.0 19000.0 -0.48 *
Ulex europaeusPlant9000.0 19000.0 -0.48 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Melilotus indicaPlant17000.0 19000.0 -0.48 *
Annona reticulataFruit2000.0 21000.0 -0.48 *
Annona squamosaFruit2000.0 21000.0 -0.48 *
Portulaca oleraceaSeed-- 174000.0 -0.48 Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
Acacia farnesianaLeaf6000.0 32280.0 -0.48 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cichorium endiviaLeaf2000.0 32200.0 -0.48 *
Eugenia brasiliensisFruit2000.0 20408.0 -0.49 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ilex paraguariensisSeed161000.0 173000.0 -0.49 *
Panicum maximumLeaf7000.0 32000.0 -0.49 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Mimosa pudicaLeaf-- 32000.0 -0.49 *
Cajanus cajanFruit6000.0 20000.0 -0.49 *
Aframomum meleguetaFruit-- 20000.0 -0.49 Wealth of India.
Pouteria campechianaFruit4000.0 20000.0 -0.49 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Pisum sativumFruit2000.0 19782.0 -0.49 *
Althaea officinalisSeed128000.0 172000.0 -0.49 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Stachys officinalisPlant3024.0 18000.0 -0.49 *
Vigna subterraneaPlant-- 18000.0 -0.49 *
Syzygium jambosFruit2000.0 19350.0 -0.49 *
Bixa orellanaFruit3000.0 19230.0 -0.49 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Citrus paradisiFruit1000.0 19000.0 -0.5 *
Vaccinium macrocarponFruit2280.0 19000.0 -0.5 *
Rosa caninaFruit3553.0 19000.0 -0.5 *
Chrysanthemum x morifoliumSeed-- 171000.0 -0.5 Wealth of India.
Calathea macrosepalaFlower2000.0 25975.0 -0.5 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Syzygium cuminiFruit1000.0 18400.0 -0.5 *
Coffea arabicaSeed74000.0 170000.0 -0.5 *
Mimosa pudicaSeed24000.0 170000.0 -0.5 *
Prunus persicaFruit860.0 18000.0 -0.5 *
Cydonia oblongaFruit1000.0 17000.0 -0.51 *
Zizyphus jujubaFruit1000.0 17000.0 -0.51 *
Balanites aegyptiacusFruit-- 17000.0 -0.51 *
Moringa oleiferaFruit2000.0 16950.0 -0.51 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Solanum quitoensisFruit1000.0 16900.0 -0.51 *
Mangifera indicaFruit1000.0 16890.0 -0.51 *
Pourouma cecropiaefoliaFruit3000.0 16665.0 -0.51 J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Capsicum frutescensFruit1000.0 16320.0 -0.52 *
Erythrina crista-galliSeed-- 167000.0 -0.52 *
Malva sylvestrisSeed97000.0 167000.0 -0.52 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Citrus sinensisFruit1100.0 16000.0 -0.52 *
Tamarindus indicaFruit3000.0 16000.0 -0.52 *
Prunus salicifoliaFruit2600.0 15950.0 -0.52 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Quararibea cordataFruit1000.0 15000.0 -0.53 *
Annona cherimolaFruit1000.0 15000.0 -0.53 *
Carica pentagonaFruit1000.0 14705.0 -0.53 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Arctium lappaRoot1645.0 7000.0 -0.53 *
Canna indicaRoot1000.0 7000.0 -0.53 *
Coccinia grandisFruit1000.0 14490.0 -0.53 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Abelmoschus moschatusSeed145000.0 164000.0 -0.53 Wealth of India.
Licania platypusFruit2600.0 13840.0 -0.54 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Cyrtosperma chamissonisRoot1000.0 6800.0 -0.54 *
Oryza sativaPlant9000.0 15000.0 -0.54 *
Scutellaria laterifloraPlant2055.0 15000.0 -0.54 *
Foeniculum vulgareSeed17604.0 163000.0 -0.54 *
Ceratonia siliquaFruit5000.0 13000.0 -0.54 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Melicoccus bijugatasFruit800.0 13000.0 -0.54 *
Murraya spFruit2970.0 12758.0 -0.54 *
Musa x paradisiacaFruit2970.0 12758.0 -0.54 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Feijoa sellowianaFruit2000.0 12500.0 -0.55 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Passiflora mollissimaFruit1000.0 12500.0 -0.55 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Ribes rubrumFruit2000.0 12460.0 -0.55 *
Cichorium intybusLeaf1000.0 29000.0 -0.55 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Prosopis julifloraLeaf-- 29000.0 -0.55 *
Solanum melongenaLeaf4000.0 29000.0 -0.55 *
Commelina benghalensisLeaf4000.0 28985.0 -0.55 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Spondias purpureaFruit1000.0 12000.0 -0.55 *
Sclerocarya caffraFruit1000.0 12000.0 -0.55 *
Physalis peruvianaFruit2000.0 12000.0 -0.55 *
Cucurbita pepoFruit1000.0 11905.0 -0.55 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Amphicarpaea bracteataSeed50000.0 160000.0 -0.56 *
Phyllanthus emblicaSeed-- 160000.0 -0.56 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Cinchona sppSeed5000.0 160000.0 -0.56 *
Menispermum canadenseSeed-- 160000.0 -0.56 *
Diospyros virginianaFruit4000.0 11230.0 -0.56 *
Artocarpus heterophyllusFruit1000.0 11200.0 -0.56 *
Brassica oleracea var. gemmiferaLeaf2000.0 28560.0 -0.56 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Aspalathus linearisShoot-- 17000.0 -0.56 *
Zizyphus jujubaShoot-- 17000.0 -0.56 *
Cicuta maculataSeed-- 159000.0 -0.56 *
Sphenostylis stenocarpaRoot2000.0 6000.0 -0.56 *
Maranta arundinaceaRoot1000.0 6000.0 -0.56 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Caulophyllum thalictroidesRoot660.0 6000.0 -0.56 *
Dioscorea sp.Root-- 6000.0 -0.56 *
Dioscorea villosaRoot1440.0 6000.0 -0.56 *
Abelmoschus esculentusFruit1000.0 10000.0 -0.56 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Phaseolus coccineusFruit3000.0 10000.0 -0.56 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Acacia senegalFruit-- 10000.0 -0.56 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Zizyphus spina-christiFruit9000.0 10000.0 -0.56 *
Agave americanaPlant-- 13000.0 -0.57 *
Arundo donaxPlant11000.0 13000.0 -0.57 *
Arachis hypogaeaLeaf6000.0 28000.0 -0.57 *
Lobelia inflataLeaf3164.0 28000.0 -0.57 *
Vigna radiataSprout Seedling1350.0 23625.0 -0.57 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Genipa americanaFruit3000.0 9250.0 -0.57 *
Dioscorea alataRoot300.0 5700.0 -0.57 *
Aegle marmelosFruit2000.0 8860.0 -0.57 *
Rollinia mucosaFruit2000.0 8775.0 -0.57 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Santalum acuminatumFruit2000.0 8585.0 -0.58 *
Anthriscus cerefoliumSeed105000.0 156000.0 -0.58 *
Chondrus crispusPlant-- 12000.0 -0.58 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Citrus aurantiumFruit-- 8000.0 -0.58 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Spondias dulcisFruit1000.0 8000.0 -0.58 *
Sicana odoriferaFruit200.0 7935.0 -0.58 *
Ocimum tenuiflorumSeed-- 155000.0 -0.58 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ocimum sanctumSeed-- 155000.0 -0.58 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Dioscorea pentaphyllaRoot1000.0 5390.0 -0.58 *
Tephrosia purpureaLeaf24000.0 27000.0 -0.59 *
Vicia fabaFruit1000.0 6850.0 -0.59 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Musa x paradisiacaSprout Seedling-- 23000.0 -0.59 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Abutilon theophrastiSeed-- 153000.0 -0.59 Wealth of India.
Pouteria viridisFruit2000.0 6330.0 -0.59 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cynara cardunculusFlower1000.0 20000.0 -0.59 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cnicus benedictusPlant1463.0 11000.0 -0.59 *
Phaseolus lunatusFruit-- 6000.0 -0.6 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Balanites aegyptiacusShoot-- 15000.0 -0.6 *
Althaea officinalisRoot540.0 5000.0 -0.6 *
Malva neglectaSeed70000.0 152000.0 -0.6 *
Lablab purpureusFruit1000.0 5682.0 -0.6 *
Annona diversifoliaFruit1600.0 5615.0 -0.6 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Sambucus nigraFruit800.0 5045.0 -0.6 *
Phaseolus acutifoliusFruit-- 5000.0 -0.6 Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
Lagenaria sicerariaFruit200.0 4485.0 -0.61 *
Arctostaphylos uva-ursiLeaf3016.0 26000.0 -0.61 *
Capsicum frutescensSeed100000.0 150000.0 -0.61 *
Myrtus communisSeed120000.0 150000.0 -0.61 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Capsicum annuumSeed100000.0 150000.0 -0.61 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Thuja occidentalisSeed-- 150000.0 -0.61 *
Panax quinquefoliusPlant-- 10000.0 -0.61 *
Ligustrum japonicumSeed-- 149000.0 -0.61 *
Corchorus olitoriusSeed113000.0 148000.0 -0.62 *
Euphrasia officinalisPlant1386.0 9000.0 -0.62 *
Phaseolus lunatusSprout Seedling2900.0 22000.0 -0.62 *
Cyamopsis tetragonolobaFruit-- 2000.0 -0.63 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Teucrium poliumSeed-- 146000.0 -0.63 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Erythrina berteroanaShoot2000.0 13000.0 -0.63 *
Allium sativum var. sativumShoot3000.0 13000.0 -0.63 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Diospyros digynaFruit100.0 485.0 -0.64 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Eugenia floribundaFruit-- -- -0.64 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Allium sativum var. sativumFlower2000.0 17000.0 -0.64 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Psidium guajavaSeed100000.0 143000.0 -0.64 *
Juncus effususLeaf-- 24000.0 -0.65 *
Arracacia xanthorrhizaRoot1000.0 3460.0 -0.65 *
Avena sativaPlant1540.0 7000.0 -0.65 *
Pueraria montanaRoot1000.0 3185.0 -0.66 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Clematis vitalbaSeed-- 140000.0 -0.66 *
Secale cerealeLeaf-- 23000.0 -0.67 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Ginkgo bilobaLeaf5520.0 23000.0 -0.67 *
Urtica dioicaLeaf4600.0 23000.0 -0.67 *
Viscum albumLeaf-- 23000.0 -0.67 *
Elytrigia repensRhizome-- 15000.0 -0.67 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Cucurbita pepoFlower700.0 14430.0 -0.68 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Myrica ceriferaLeaf-- 22000.0 -0.69 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Sanguisorba officinalisSeed-- 135000.0 -0.69 *
Celosia cristataSeed-- 134000.0 -0.69 *
Tephrosia vogeliiSeed109000.0 134000.0 -0.69 *
Robinia pseudoacaciaSeed108000.0 133000.0 -0.7 *
Myrica ceriferaSeed-- 133000.0 -0.7 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Vetiveria zizanioidesLeaf11000.0 21000.0 -0.71 *
Gymnema sylvestreLeaf3990.0 21000.0 -0.71 *
Pteridium aquilinumRhizome12000.0 13333.0 -0.71 *
Lens culinarisSprout Seedling5200.0 19335.0 -0.71 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Ammi majusSeed-- 129400.0 -0.72 *
Corchorus olitoriusLeaf2500.0 20350.0 -0.72 *
Mercurialis annuaRoot-- 1200.0 -0.72 *
Artocarpus altilisSeed25900.0 128000.0 -0.72 *
Anacardium occidentaleLeaf6000.0 20000.0 -0.73 *
Manihot esculentaLeaf2000.0 20000.0 -0.73 *
Ulex europaeusSeed117000.0 125000.0 -0.74 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Spartium junceumSeed100000.0 124000.0 -0.74 *
Vigna aconitifoliaLeaf-- 19000.0 -0.75 *
Stevia rebaudianaLeaf-- 19000.0 -0.75 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Acacia decurrensSeed-- 123000.0 -0.75 *
Sambucus nigraSeed-- 123000.0 -0.75 *
Medicago sativaSeed101000.0 123000.0 -0.75 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Hibiscus sabdariffaFlower1100.0 10000.0 -0.75 *
Maclura pomiferaLeaf-- 18700.0 -0.75 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Lawsonia inermisSeed56000.0 122220.0 -0.75 *
Hippophae rhamnoidesSeed92000.0 121300.0 -0.76 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Sophora japonicaSeed69000.0 121000.0 -0.76 *
Elytrigia repensSeed18000.0 121000.0 -0.76 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Manihot esculentaRoot1000.0 12.385 -0.76 *
Datura metelSeed100000.0 120000.0 -0.77 *
Rhus glabraSeed87000.0 120000.0 -0.77 *
Simaba cedronSeed-- 120000.0 -0.77 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Bacopa monnieriShoot-- 6000.0 -0.77 Wealth of India.
Tridax procumbensLeaf-- 18000.0 -0.77 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Aegle marmelosSeed-- 119000.0 -0.77 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Larrea tridentataSeed-- 117000.0 -0.78 *
Euphorbia hirtaLeaf-- 17100.0 -0.78 *
Chrysanthemum cinerariifoliumShoot-- 5000.0 -0.79 *
Luffa aegyptiacaLeaf-- 17000.0 -0.79 *
Rubus idaeusLeaf2873.0 17000.0 -0.79 *
Acacia niloticaSeed35000.0 115000.0 -0.79 *
Melissa officinalisSeed-- 115000.0 -0.79 *
Phragmites australisRhizome-- 9000.0 -0.81 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Myrica ceriferaBark1744.0 8000.0 -0.81 *
Ulmus rubraBark1312.0 8000.0 -0.81 *
Smilax chinaSeed-- 111000.0 -0.81 *
Albizia julibrissinSeed85000.0 111000.0 -0.81 *
Physalis alkekingiSeed-- 110000.0 -0.82 *
Lupinus albusSeed97400.0 108630.0 -0.83 *
Capparis spinosaLeaf4900.0 15000.0 -0.83 *
Malva parvifloraLeaf2000.0 15000.0 -0.83 *
Rosa caninaSeed80000.0 108000.0 -0.83 *
Cryptostegia grandifoliaSeed-- 108000.0 -0.83 *
Mangifera indicaSeed-- 107000.0 -0.83 *
Capparis spinosaFlower-- 4700.0 -0.84 *
Malva sylvestrisLeaf-- 14000.0 -0.85 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Nelumbo nuciferaRhizome1000.0 6790.0 -0.86 *
Solanum tuberosumTuber1000.0 9000.0 -0.86 *
Tropaeolum majusSeed72000.0 102000.0 -0.86 *
Verbascum thapsusLeaf5720.0 13000.0 -0.87 *
Phoenix dactyliferaSeed60000.0 100000.0 -0.87 *
Vitex agnus-castusSeed38000.0 100000.0 -0.87 *
Psoralea corylifoliaSeed-- 100000.0 -0.87 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Elettaria cardamomumSeed67000.0 100000.0 -0.87 *
Musa x paradisiacaFlower-- 2000.0 -0.88 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Digitalis purpureaLeaf-- 12200.0 -0.88 *
Symphytum officinaleLeaf1320.0 12000.0 -0.89 *
Rauvolfia serpentinaSeed10000.0 97000.0 -0.89 *
Avena sativaSeed11000.0 97000.0 -0.89 *
Pteridium aquilinumLeaf1000.0 11494.0 -0.9 *
Cenchrus biflorusSeed85000.0 94000.0 -0.9 *
Vigna subterraneaSeed31000.0 92000.0 -0.91 *
Chenopodium ambrosioidesSeed25000.0 92000.0 -0.91 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Tephrosia purpureaSeed-- 91000.0 -0.92 *
Senna alexandrinaLeaf2030.0 10000.0 -0.93 *
Cyamopsis tetragonolobaLeaf-- 9000.0 -0.95 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Chenopodium albumSeed55000.0 85000.0 -0.95 *
Trifolium pratenseSeed-- 85000.0 -0.95 Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Arctium lappaLeaf1300.0 8335.0 -0.96 Wealth of India.
Melilotus albaSeed56000.0 83000.0 -0.96 *
Melilotus officinalisSeed19000.0 83000.0 -0.96 *
Lagerstroemia indicaSeed-- 83000.0 -0.96 *
Aloe veraLeaf-- 8000.0 -0.97 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Aloe spp.Leaf40.0 8000.0 -0.97 *
Plantago asiaticaSeed-- 81000.0 -0.97 *
Rosa multifloraSeed-- 80000.0 -0.98 *
Coix lacryma-jobiSeed31000.0 79000.0 -0.98 *
Prosopis julifloraSeed53000.0 78000.0 -0.99 *
Acacia farnesianaSeed20000.0 78000.0 -0.99 *
Acacia melanoxylonSeed-- 76000.0 -1.0 *
Chrysanthemum coronariumBud1700.0 22850.0 -1.0 *
Zea maysSilk Stigma Style25000.0 43000.0 -1.0 *
Plantago psylliumHull Husk-- 34000.0 -1.0 *
Nasturtium officinaleHerb1000.0 20000.0 -1.0 *
Petasites japonicusPt400.0 7270.0 -1.0 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Phaseolus acutifoliusHay19000.0 35000.0 -1.0 *
Allium sativum var. sativumBulb2000.0 12000.0 -1.0 *
Musa x paradisiacaPith-- 1000.0 -1.0 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Perilla frutescensLeaf-- 6000.0 -1.01 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cassia toraSeed33000.0 74000.0 -1.01 *
Tamarindus indicaSeed60000.0 74000.0 -1.01 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Tribulus terrestrisLeaf-- 5000.0 -1.03 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Salix albaBark840.0 5000.0 -1.03 *
Tabebuia heptaphyllaBark895.0 5000.0 -1.03 *
Beta vulgarisSeed28000.0 70000.0 -1.03 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Cicer arietinumSeed59000.0 69750.0 -1.03 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Albizia lebbeckSeed-- 68000.0 -1.04 Wealth of India.
Agrostemma githagoSeed58000.0 68000.0 -1.04 *
Chrysophyllum cainitoSeed-- 66000.0 -1.05 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Trigonella foenum-graecumSeed8320.0 64000.0 -1.06 *
Physalis peruvianaSeed-- 63000.0 -1.07 *
Senna obtusifoliaSeed52900.0 63000.0 -1.07 *
Mucuna pruriensSeed7000.0 63000.0 -1.07 *
Passiflora quadrangularisSeed13000.0 60000.0 -1.08 *
Cytisus scopariusSeed-- 60000.0 -1.08 *
Acacia tortilisSeed-- 60000.0 -1.08 *
Stellaria mediaSeed48000.0 59000.0 -1.09 *
Acacia senegalSeed-- 58000.0 -1.09 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Quercus albaBark912.0 4000.0 -1.1 *
Cajanus cajanSeed6000.0 55354.0 -1.11 *
Hordeum vulgareSeed5000.0 55000.0 -1.11 Jim Duke's personal files.*
Zea maysSeed10480.0 54579.0 -1.11 *
Plantago ovataSeed50000.0 51000.0 -1.13 *
Bixa orellanaSeed15000.0 50000.0 -1.13 *
Strychnos nux-vomicaSeed40000.0 50000.0 -1.13 *
Aesculus hippocastanumSeed30000.0 50000.0 -1.13 *
Juncus effususSeed-- 50000.0 -1.13 *
Mirabilis jalapaSeed39000.0 46000.0 -1.16 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Crotalaria junceaSeed-- 43000.0 -1.17 *
Secale cerealeSeed14000.0 40425.0 -1.18 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Triticum aestivumSeed8000.0 39000.0 -1.19 *
Senna occidentalisSeed23000.0 39000.0 -1.19 *
Ginkgo bilobaSeed16000.0 38020.0 -1.2 *
Plantago psylliumSeed8066.0 37000.0 -1.2 *
Castanea sativaSeed16000.0 36520.0 -1.21 *
Rumex acetosellaSeed17000.0 36000.0 -1.21 *
Canavalia ensiformisSeed23000.0 36000.0 -1.21 *
Senna alataSeed29000.0 35000.0 -1.21 *
Inga feuilleiAril-- -- -1.22 J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Stillingia sylvaticaSeed30000.0 32000.0 -1.23 *
Vicia fabaSeed6000.0 31580.0 -1.23 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Garcinia mangostanaSeed-- 30000.0 -1.24 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Lobelia inflataSeed-- 30000.0 -1.24 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Cola acuminataSeed4000.0 30000.0 -1.24 *
Paullinia cupanaSeed-- 30000.0 -1.24 Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
Gleditsia triacanthosSeed8000.0 30000.0 -1.24 *
Phaseolus lunatusSeed1000.0 28898.0 -1.25 *
Arisaema triphyllumSeed-- 28000.0 -1.25 *
Abrus precatoriusSeed25000.0 28000.0 -1.25 *
Oryza sativaSeed15000.0 27000.0 -1.26 *
Nelumbo nuciferaSeed2000.0 27000.0 -1.26 *
Cyamopsis tetragonolobaSeed-- 27000.0 -1.26 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Phytelephas aequatorialisSeed3300.0 26850.0 -1.26 KOZIOL & PEDERSEN. 1993. PHYTELEPHAS AEQUATORIALIS(ARECACEAE) IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL NUTRITION. ECON. BOT. 47:401-307.
Diospyros virginianaSeed-- 26000.0 -1.26 *
Vigna mungoSeed9000.0 25000.0 -1.27 *
Vigna aconitifoliaSeed6000.0 24520.0 -1.27 *
Vigna unguiculataSeed8000.0 24300.0 -1.27 *
Castanea dentataSeed12600.0 24208.0 -1.27 *
Fagopyrum esculentumSeed19800.0 24000.0 -1.27 *
Phaseolus coccineusSeed15000.0 24000.0 -1.27 *
Phaseolus vulgarisSeed3000.0 24000.0 -1.27 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Castanea mollisimaSeed10600.0 20648.0 -1.29 *
Pisum sativumSeed3670.0 20481.0 -1.29 *
Aframomum meleguetaSeed10000.0 20000.0 -1.29 Wealth of India.
Inga edulisSeed7000.0 19075.0 -1.3 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ceratonia siliquaSeed2000.0 18000.0 -1.3 *
Lablab purpureusSeed2000.0 16488.0 -1.31 *
Phytelephas macrocarpaSeed-- 16000.0 -1.31 *
Phaseolus acutifoliusSeed4700.0 15000.0 -1.32 *
Vigna unguiculataSeed13100.0 14306.0 -1.32 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna radiataSeed10060.0 14234.0 -1.32 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Duranta repensSeed-- 14000.0 -1.32 *
Sphenostylis stenocarpaSeed11000.0 12000.0 -1.33 *
Lens culinarisSeed7000.0 11800.0 -1.34 *
Artocarpus heterophyllusSeed4000.0 8265.0 -1.35 *
Casimiroa edulisSeed4000.0 8000.0 -1.36 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Canna indicaSeed5000.0 8000.0 -1.36 *
Castanospermum australeSeed-- 7000.0 -1.36 *
Vigna angularisSeed5300.0 6123.0 -1.37 *
Rhynchosia minimaSeed-- 6000.0 -1.37 *
Eugenia unifloraSeed-- 5000.0 -1.37 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cycas revolutaSeed1200.0 4300.0 -1.38 *
Brassica oleraceaStem1000.0 11110.0 -1.45 *
Helianthus tuberosusTuber4550.0 5000.0 -1.59 *
Pinus strobusPlant-- -- *
Phytelephas aequatorialisMesocarp6200.0 426925.0 KOZIOL & PEDERSEN. 1993. PHYTELEPHAS AEQUATORIALIS(ARECACEAE) IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL NUTRITION. ECON. BOT. 47:401-307.
Citrus mitisFruit Juice5300.0 53000.0 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Juglans nigraPericarp6240.0 52000.0 *
Andira inermisBark-- -- *
Nandina domesticaSeed-- -- *
Lycopodium clavatumPollen Or Spore400000.0 500000.0 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Citrus mitisJf5300.0 53000.0 Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Phellodendron amurenseCr-- 517000.0 *
Ficus caricaStem Bark-- 27000.0 Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Sterculia urensGum-- 2800.0 *
Carica papayaLatex Exudate-- 24000.0 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Olea europaeaTwig-- 61000.0 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.