| Coffea arabica | Seed | 50000.0 |
80000.0 |
2.1 |
* |
| Helianthus annuus | Seed | 1900.0 |
28000.0 |
0.33 |
* |
| Eleutherococcus senticosus | Root | 1000.0 |
6045.0 |
0.49 |
* |
| Lonicera japonica | Flower | 445.0 |
60000.0 |
1.0 |
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Coriandrum sativum | Plant | 305.0 |
320.0 |
-0.68 |
Abstract (See species file) |
| Juglans regia | Testa | 220.0 |
800.0 |
|
* |
| Urtica dioica | Plant | 200.0 |
5000.0 |
1.41 |
Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| Malus domestica | Leaf | 100.0 |
1200.0 |
-1.32 |
* |
| Solanum tuberosum | Tuber | 22.0 |
3950.0 |
|
* |
| Juglans regia | Seed | 10.0 |
28.0 |
-0.62 |
* |
| Malus domestica | Pericarp | 8.0 |
18.0 |
|
* |
| Malus domestica | Fruit | 5.0 |
15.0 |
-1.09 |
* |
| Coriandrum sativum | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Hordeum vulgare | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Theobroma cacao | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Uncaria guianensis | Bark | -- |
-- |
|
Van Ginkel, A. 1996. Identification of the Alkaloids and Flavonoids from Uncaria tomentosa Bark by TLC in Quality Control. Phytotherapy Research, 10: S18-S19. |
| Hyoscyamus niger | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Echinacea spp | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 253. |
| Glechoma hederacea | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Vadmecum Garcia, A.A., et al. 1998. Fitoterapia Vademecum de Prescripcioon. Masson, S. A. Barcelona, Espana. 1148 pp. |
| Camellia sinensis | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Capsicum annuum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Convallaria majalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Uncaria tomentosa | Bark | -- |
-- |
|
Van Ginkel, A. 1996. Identification of the Alkaloids and Flavonoids from Uncaria tomentosa Bark by TLC in Quality Control. Phytotherapy Research, 10: S18-S19. |
| Lycopus virginicus | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989. |
| Cynara cardunculus | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Capsicum annuum | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Cichorium intybus | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Capsicum frutescens | Stem | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Stachys officinalis | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Houttuynia cordata | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Agrimonia eupatoria | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Wealth of India. |
| Crataegus rhipidophylla | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus rhipidophylla | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Clematis vitalba | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus rhipidophylla | Inflorescence | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Triticum aestivum | Seed | -- |
5.0 |
-0.62 |
* |
| Crataegus rhipidophylla | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus rhipidophylla | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus rhipidophylla | Bark | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus rhipidophylla | Bud | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Ballota nigra | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Sambucus nigra | Flower | -- |
26000.0 |
-1.0 |
* |
| Datura stramonium | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Althaea officinalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| Humulus lupulus | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Echinacea pallida | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Hedera helix | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Echinacea pallida | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Capsicum frutescens | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Echinacea pallida | Root | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Foeniculum vulgare | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Cichorium intybus | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Cichorium intybus | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Pimpinella anisum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Cichorium intybus | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Hordeum vulgare | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l. | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Prunus cerasus | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Hydrastis canadensis | Root | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Cydonia oblonga | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Berberis vulgaris | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Artemisia abrotanum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Stachys officinalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses |
| Apium graveolens | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
Wealth of India. |
| Scopolia carniolica | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Teucrium scordium | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| Brassica oleracea var. capitata l. | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus laevigata | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Physalis peruviana | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Arachis hypogaea | Seed | -- |
12.0 |
-0.62 |
* |
| Pluchea carolinensis | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
Tramil |
| Thymus vulgaris | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Fragaria spp | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Stachytarpheta jamaicensis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Rubus phoenicolasius | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Okuda, T., Yoshida, T., Hatano, T., Iwasaki, M., Kubo, M., Orime, T., Yoshizaki, M., Naruhashi, N. 1992. Hydrolysable Tannins as Chemotaxonomic Markers in the Rosaceae. Phytochemistry, 31(9): 3091-3096. |
| Equisetum arvense | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Arctium lappa | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Althaea officinalis | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Brassica oleracea var. capitata l. | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Vitis vinifera | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Juniperus communis | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Vitis vinifera | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus pentagyna | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Schussler, M., Fricke, U., Nikolov, N., and Holzl, J. 1991. Comparison of the Flavonoids Occurring in Crataegus species and Inhibition of 3',5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Phosphodiesterase. Plant Medica 57: Suppl Issue 2. p.A-133. |
| Viburnum opulus | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Dipsacus fullonum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Senna obtusifolia | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Lythrum salicaria | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Vaccinium myrtillus | Fruit | -- |
1900.0 |
0.55 |
* |
| Vaccinium myrtillus | Fruit Juice | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Taraxacum officinale | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Thymus vulgaris | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Artemisia absinthium | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Astragalus membranaceus | Root | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Ipomoea batatas | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Stellaria media | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Origanum majorana | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Solanum torvum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Viburnum opulus | Branches | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Menyanthes trifoliata | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Cynara cardunculus | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. |
| Vaccinium macrocarpon | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Eleutherococcus senticosus | Stem Bark | -- |
77.1 |
|
* |
| Artemisia dracunculus | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Eleutherococcus senticosus | Tissue Culture | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Strychnos nux-vomica | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Valeriana officinalis | Root | -- |
7300.0 |
0.9 |
* |
| Beta vulgaris | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Ribes uva-crispa | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Punica granatum | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Theobroma cacao | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus monogyna | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Schussler, M., Fricke, U., Nikolov, N., and Holzl, J. 1991. Comparison of the Flavonoids Occurring in Crataegus species and Inhibition of 3',5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Phosphodiesterase. Plant Medica 57: Suppl Issue 2. p.A-133. |
| Salvia officinalis | Inflorescence | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Viburnum prunifolium | Bark | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Lycopersicon esculentum | Fruit | -- |
18.0 |
-1.09 |
* |
| Origanum vulgare | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Apium graveolens | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Allium sativum var. sativum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Stitt, Paul. Why George should eat broccoli. |
| Boehmeria nivea | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Cucumis sativus | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Mahonia repens | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Grace, S. C., Logan, B. A., Adams III, W. W. 1998. Seasonal Differences in Foliar Content of Chlorogenic Acid, a Phenylpropanoid Antioxidant, in Mahonia repens. Plant Cell Environ, 21(5): 513-521. |
| Angelica archangelica | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986. |
| Vitis vinifera | Fruit | -- |
1400.0 |
0.12 |
* |
| Elaeagnus angustifolia | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Punica granatum | Fruit Juice | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Punica granatum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Ilex paraguariensis | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Ribes nigrum | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Melissa officinalis | Shoot | -- |
19000.0 |
|
* |
| Crataegus cuneata | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Pimpinella anisum | Seed | -- |
1000.0 |
-0.58 |
* |
| Solanum tuberosum | Root Bark | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Solanum tuberosum | Root | -- |
260.0 |
-1.39 |
* |
| Solanum tuberosum | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Solanum tuberosum | Leaf | -- |
2230.0 |
0.23 |
* |
| Solanum tuberosum | Sprout Seedling | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Zea mays | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Zea mays | Silk Stigma Style | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Brassica oleracea var. italica | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Stitt, Paul. Why George should eat broccoli. |
| Eucalyptus globulus | Bark | -- |
-- |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| Eucalyptus globulus | Wood | -- |
-- |
|
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books) |
| Malus domestica | Fruit Juice | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Mentha x piperita | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Malus domestica | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Malus domestica | Pt | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Marrubium vulgare | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Aconitum napellus | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Rubus fruticosus | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Prunus armeniaca | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Apium graveolens | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Allium ampeloprasum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Anethum graveolens | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Peucedanum ostruthium | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Achillea millefolium | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae). Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994. |
| Adonis vernalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Origanum vulgare | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Vaccinium myrtillus | Leaf | -- |
2800.0 |
1.09 |
* |
| Linum usitatissimum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Melissa officinalis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus laevigata | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Erythroxylum coca | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Cyamopsis tetragonoloba | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
Kaushal, G. P., Bhatia, I. S. 1982. A Study of Polyphenols in the Seeds and Leaves of Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub). J Sci Food Agr, 33: 461-470. |
| Cyamopsis tetragonoloba | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Kaushal, G. P., Bhatia, I. S. 1982. A Study of Polyphenols in the Seeds and Leaves of Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub). J Sci Food Agr, 33: 461-470. |
| Hypericum perforatum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Hypericum perforatum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Urtica dioica | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Urtica dioica | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Urtica dioica | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Withania somnifera | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Rhododendron ponticum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Prunus domestica | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Cinchona pubescens | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Corchorus olitorius | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Camellia sinensis | Tissue Culture | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Daucus carota | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Sorbus aucubaria | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Ricinus communis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Rizk, A.F.M. and Al-Nowaihi, A.S., The Phytochemistry of the Horticultural Plants of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar. |
| Anethum graveolens | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Centaurea cyanus | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Harpagophytum procumbens | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Centaurea cyanus | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Zingiber officinale | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Stitt, Paul. Why George should eat broccoli. |
| Solanum melongena | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Morus alba | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Calendula officinalis | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Trifolium pratense | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991. |
| Althaea officinalis | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Spinacia oleracea | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Tanacetum vulgare | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Harpagophytum procumbens | Tuber | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Conium maculatum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Glycine max | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Sambucus simpsonii | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp. |
| Maranta arundinacea | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Linum usitatissimum | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Eucommia ulmoides | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Hydrastis canadensis | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Plantago major | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Brassica nigra | Seed | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Matricaria recutita | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root of Glycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122. |
| Salvia officinalis | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Vaccinium corymbosum | Fruit | -- |
3000.0 |
1.51 |
* |
| Echinacea angustifolia | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Digitalis purpurea | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Lycopus europeus | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Teucrium chamaedrys | Plant | -- |
200.0 |
-0.73 |
* |
| Cynara cardunculus | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Prunus persica | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Tilia sp. | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Prunus persica | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Citrullus colocynthis | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Rosa damascena | Pollen Or Spore | -- |
15000.0 |
|
* |
| Solidago virgaurea | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Arnica montana | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Symphytum officinale | Root | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Acacia nilotica | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Pinus sylvestris | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Satureja montana | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Vitis vinifera | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus laevigata | Flower | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Nicotiana tabacum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| Tropaeolum majus | Pericarp | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus laevigata | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus laevigata | Shoot | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Petroselinum crispum | Stem | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Crataegus laevigata | Bark | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Fagopyrum esculentum | Plant | -- |
-- |
|
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Persea americana | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Phoenix dactylifera | Fruit | -- |
-- |
|
Abstract (See species file) |
| Crataegus laevigata | Bud | -- |
-- |
|
* |
| Sesamum indicum | Leaf | -- |
-- |
|
Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp. |