Plant	Part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
Abelmoschus manihot	Leaf	564.0	4862.0	0.28	*
Abelmoschus esculentus	Fruit	380.0	6000.0	1.79	*
Acacia catechu	Plant	--	--		*
Acacia senegal	Plant	--	--		*
Acacia nilotica	Plant	--	--		*
Acanthopanax gracilistylis	Root Bark	--	2840.0	1.09	*
Achillea millefolium	Plant	340.0	1920.0	-0.67	*
Achyranthes bidentata	Root	1440.0	5730.0	1.69	*
Aconitum carmichaelii	Tuber	--	490.0	-0.88	*
Acorus calamus	Rhizome	--	1100.0	-0.56	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Actaea racemosa	Root	--	1740.0	-0.44	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Actaea dahurica	Rhizome	--	1450.0	-0.2	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Actinidia chinensis	Fruit	300.0	1770.0	-0.17	*
Aframomum melegueta	Fruit	--	1500.0	-0.29	Wealth of India.
Agathosma betulina	Leaf	--	2210.0	-0.74	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Akebia quinata	Stem	--	840.0	-1.65	*
Albizia julibrissin	Bark	--	1090.0	-0.45	*
Alisma plantago-aquatica	Rhizome	1410.0	1740.0	0.1	*
Allium sativum var. sativum	Bulb	160.0	1210.0	0.68	*
Allium cepa	Bulb	76.0	1230.0	0.73	*
Allium sativum var. sativum	Root	448.0	1210.0	-0.72	*
Allium schoenoprasum	Leaf	355.0	6875.0	1.06	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Alocasia macrorrhiza	Root	520.0	1750.0	-0.43	*
Aloe vera	Leaf	--	930.0	-1.23	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Aloe spp.	Leaf	5.0	930.0	-1.23	*
Althaea officinalis	Root	559.0	5180.0	1.39	*
Amaranthus sp.	Leaf	550.0	6616.0	0.96	*
Amomum xanthioides	Seed	--	3540.0	0.23	*
Amorphophallus konjac	Root	--	--		*
Amorphophallus campanulatus	Root	220.0	3120.0	0.3	*
Amphicarpaea bracteata	Shoot	--	4100.0	-0.47	*
Anacardium occidentale	Seed	260.0	2650.0	-0.12	*
Ananas comosus	Fruit	110.0	1075.0	-0.49	*
Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Rhizome	1130.0	1200.0	-0.46	*
Anethum graveolens	Fruit	2449.0	2893.0	0.35	*
Anethum graveolens	Seed	2449.0	2893.0	-0.02	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Anethum graveolens	Plant	560.0	6470.0	0.75	*
Angelica laxiflora	Root	--	1950.0	-0.33	*
Angelica dahurica	Root	--	3.67	-1.36	*
Angelica sinensis	Root	583.0	2650.0	0.05	*
Annona squamosa	Fruit	210.0	785.0	-0.62	*
Annona cherimola	Fruit	200.0	1000.0	-0.52	*
Annona reticulata	Fruit	180.0	630.0	-0.69	*
Annona muricata	Fruit	210.0	2400.0	0.13	*
Annona cherimola	Seed	810.0	1045.0	-0.75	*
Anthriscus cerefolium	Leaf	1300.0	1400.0	-1.05	*
Apium graveolens	Fruit	153.0	730.0	-0.65	*
Apium graveolens	Leaf	99.0	2650.0	-0.57	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Apium graveolens	Seed	155.0	4903.0	0.77	*
Apium graveolens	Root	140.0	1635.0	-0.49	ACTA AGRIC SCAND SUPPL 22: 1980
Arachis hypogaea	Plant	3500.0	8700.0	1.44	*
Arachis hypogaea	Seed	1700.0	2110.0	-0.33	*
Arctium lappa	Root	1262.0	5370.0	1.49	*
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	Leaf	140.0	1210.0	-1.13	*
Areca catechu	Seed	--	500.0	-0.97	*
Arisaema consanguineum	Rhizome	--	100.0	-1.59	*
Aristolochia debilis	Fruit	--	1880.0	-0.12	*
Armoracia rusticana	Root	1624.0	9020.0	3.44	*
Artemisia dracunculus	Plant	--	3470.0	-0.19	*
Artemisia vulgaris	Shoot	--	2700.0	-0.66	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Artemisia capillaris	Plant	--	1000.0	-0.95	*
Artemisia herba-alba	Plant	--	2060.0	-0.62	*
Artocarpus altilis	Fruit	220.0	975.0	-0.53	*
Artocarpus heterophyllus	Fruit	370.0	1380.0	-0.35	*
Asiasarum sieboldii	Root	2520.0	2600.0	0.02	*
Asiasarum heterotropoides	Root	2520.0	2600.0	0.02	*
Asimina triloba	Fruit	1090.0	5128.0	1.39	*
Aspalathus linearis	Leaf	--	--		*
Aspalathus linearis	Shoot	--	3300.0	-0.58	*
Aspalathus linearis	Plant	--	140.0	-1.22	*
Asparagus officinalis	Shoot	120.0	7000.0	-0.07	*
Asparagus lucidus	Root	--	430.0	-1.13	*
Asparagus officinalis	Root	240.0	2400.0	-0.09	*
Astragalus membranaceus	Root	800.0	5000.0	1.3	*
Atractylodes ovata	Rhizome	760.0	960.0	-0.7	*
Atractylodes lancea	Rhizome	--	790.0	-0.88	*
Avena sativa	Seed	300.0	2900.0	-0.02	Jim Duke's personal files.*
Avena sativa	Plant	2640.0	12000.0	2.46	*
Averrhoa carambola	Fruit	80.0	1200.0	-0.43	*
Azadirachta indica	Fruit	--	4000.0	0.87	*
Azadirachta indica	Leaf	--	7100.0	1.15	*
Barosma betulina	Leaf	--	2210.0	-0.74	*
Belamcanda chinensis	Rhizome	--	970.0	-0.69	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Benincasa hispida	Fruit	190.0	4870.0	1.27	*
Berberis vulgaris	Root	--	1430.0	-0.6	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Berberis vulgaris	Bark	--	1430.0	-0.22	*
Bertholletia excelsa	Seed	1600.0	3370.0	0.17	*
Beta vulgaris	Root	130.0	4200.0	0.87	*
Blechnum orientale	Rhizome	--	2580.0	0.96	*
Bletilla striata	Tuber	--	1890.0	0.26	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Borago officinalis	Leaf	520.0	7436.0	1.28	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.	Leaf	214.0	3072.0	-0.41	*
Brassica juncea	Leaf	353.0	3837.0	-0.11	*
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.	Flower	115.0	2250.0	-0.41	*
Brassica oleracea	Stem	190.0	2110.0	-1.12	*
Brassica oleracea var. capitata l.	Leaf	100.0	2228.0	-0.73	*
Brassica nigra	Leaf	132.0	2471.0	-0.64	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica chinensis	Leaf	106.0	5844.0	0.66	*
Brassica oleracea var. italica	Leaf	214.0	3072.0	-0.41	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica rapa	Root	110.0	2000.0	-0.3	*
Brassica rapa	Leaf	106.0	5844.0	0.66	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l.	Leaf	340.0	2190.0	-0.75	*
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera	Leaf	230.0	1642.0	-0.96	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica napus var. napobrassica	Root	110.0	2610.0	0.03	*
Brassica pekinensis	Leaf	2850.0	3150.0	-0.38	*
Brassica oleracea var. viridis l.	Leaf	170.0	2786.0	-0.52	*
Broussonetia papyrifera	Fruit	--	4030.0	0.88	*
Bupleurum chinense	Root	550.0	5000.0	1.3	*
Camellia sinensis	Leaf	--	2200.0	-0.74	*
Canavalia ensiformis	Seed	--	2190.0	-0.3	*
Capsicum frutescens	Fruit	230.0	2203.0	0.03	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Capsicum annuum	Fruit	604.0	2340.0	0.1	*
Carica papaya	Fruit	110.0	815.0	-0.61	*
Carthamus tinctorius	Flower	260.0	1860.0	-0.69	*
Carum carvi	Fruit	2580.0	2863.0	0.34	*
Carum carvi	Seed	2070.0	2950.0	0.0	*
Carya ovata	Shoot	125.0	21600.0	1.95	*
Carya glabra	Shoot	144.0	24200.0	2.31	*
Carya ovata	Seed	--	900.0	-0.81	*
Carya illinoensis	Seed	--	980.0	-0.78	*
Cassia tora	Seed	--	3180.0	0.09	*
Castanea mollisima	Seed	820.0	1531.0	-0.56	*
Castanea dentata	Seed	790.0	1406.0	-0.61	*
Castanea sativa	Seed	320.0	704.0	-0.89	*
Catalpa ovata	Fruit	--	1960.0	-0.08	*
Caulophyllum thalictroides	Root	143.0	1300.0	-0.67	*
Celosia cristata	Flower	--	6080.0	2.36	*
Centella asiatica	Leaf	342.0	3200.0	-0.36	*
Chaenomeles lagenaria	Fruit	--	990.0	-0.53	*
Chamaemelum nobile	Flower	--	2920.0	0.08	*
Chamissoa altissima	Leaf	70.0	715.0	-1.32	Tramil
Chenopodium album	Seed	--	2920.0	-0.01	*
Chondrus crispus	Plant	--	19600.0	4.82	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Chrysanthemum parthenium	Plant	--	2400.0	-0.52	*
Chrysanthemum parthenium	Leaf	432.0	2400.0	-0.67	*
Chrysanthemum coronarium	Bud	170.0	2285.0	1.0	*
Cicer arietinum	Seed	1110.0	1348.0	-0.63	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cichorium intybus	Root	220.0	1100.0	-0.78	*
Cichorium intybus	Leaf	130.0	2652.0	-0.57	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cichorium endivia	Leaf	95.0	2400.0	-0.67	*
Cimicifuga racemosa	Root	365.0	1740.0	-0.44	*
Cimicifuga dahurica	Rhizome	--	1450.0	-0.2	*
Cinnamomum aromaticum	Bark	770.0	1680.0	-0.05	*
Cistanche salsa	Plant	--	810.0	-1.01	*
Citrullus lanatus	Fruit	1081.0	1500.0	-0.29	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Citrus medica	Fruit	--	950.0	-0.55	*
Citrus paradisi	Fruit	15.0	3300.0	0.54	*
Citrus sinensis	Fruit	98.0	1075.0	-0.49	*
Citrus reticulata	Fruit	111.0	1416.0	-0.33	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Citrus aurantium	Fruit	800.0	1730.0	-0.19	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Cnicus benedictus	Plant	235.0	1770.0	-0.71	*
Cnidium officinale	Rhizome	--	850.0	-0.82	*
Cocos nucifera	Seed	300.0	770.0	-0.86	Furr, A.K., et al. 1979
Coix lacryma-jobi	Seed	--	1490.0	-0.58	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Colocasia esculenta	Leaf	200.0	3140.0	-0.38	*
Colocasia esculenta	Root	200.0	1350.0	-0.64	*
Commiphora wightii	Inflorescence	--	--		Jim Duke's personal files.
Coptis japonica	Rhizome	2240.0	2420.0	0.8	*
Coptis chinensis	Rhizome	2240.0	2420.0	0.8	*
Coptis spp	Rhizome	2240.0	2420.0	0.8	*
Corchorus olitorius	Leaf	640.0	5200.0	0.41	*
Coriandrum sativum	Fruit	2939.0	4016.0	0.87	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Coriandrum sativum	Leaf	6940.0	7488.0	1.3	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cornus officinalis	Fruit	--	830.0	-0.6	*
Corylus avellana	Seed	1500.0	3156.0	0.08	*
Crataegus rhipidophylla	Fruit	--	940.0	-0.55	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Crataegus laevigata	Fruit	262.0	940.0	-0.55	*
Crataegus cuneata	Fruit	--	760.0	-0.63	*
Cucumis melo	Fruit	92.0	3300.0	0.54	*
Cucumis sativus	Fruit	101.0	7000.0	2.26	*
Cucurbita spp	Fruit	230.0	3640.0	0.7	*
Cucurbita pepo	Flower	240.0	4950.0	1.55	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cucurbita pepo	Seed	5140.0	8500.0	2.19	*
Cucurbita maxima	Leaf	388.0	2752.0	-0.53	*
Cucurbita pepo	Fruit	120.0	1429.0	-0.32	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Curcuma longa	Plant	3038.0	9800.0	1.78	*
Cymbopogon citratus	Plant	--	3310.0	-0.23	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Cynanchum atratum	Root	--	2210.0	-0.19	*
Cynara cardunculus	Flower	555.0	4275.0	1.06	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cyperus rotundus	Rhizome	--	1500.0	-0.15	*
Cypripedium pubescens	Root	--	1090.0	-0.78	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Cyrtosperma chamissonis	Root	180.0	1215.0	-0.72	*
Daucus carota	Root	100.0	1980.0	-0.31	*
Dendrobium nobile	Stem	--	520.0	-1.79	*
Dioscorea alata	Root	66.0	827.0	-0.92	*
Dioscorea sp.	Root	--	1630.0	-0.5	*
Dioscorea pentaphylla	Root	94.0	792.0	-0.94	*
Dioscorea villosa	Root	391.0	1630.0	-0.5	*
Dioscorea bulbifera	Rhizome	--	370.0	-1.31	*
Diospyros virginiana	Stem	660.0	5400.0	0.27	*
Diospyros virginiana	Leaf	1500.0	5000.0	0.34	*
Drynaria fortunei	Rhizome	--	4140.0	2.57	*
Echinacea purpurea	Root	467.0	1860.0	-0.37	*
Echinacea spp	Root	1170.0	1860.0	-0.37	*
Elaeagnus umbellatus	Fruit	170.0	1010.0	-0.52	*
Eleutherococcus senticosus	Root	1050.0	5000.0	1.3	*
Elytrigia repens	Plant	--	7570.0	1.09	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Ephedra sinica	Plant	443.0	2110.0	-0.61	*
Ephedra spp	Plant	--	4780.0	0.22	*
Equisetum hyemale	Plant	--	1010.0	-0.95	*
Equisetum arvense	Plant	935.0	4370.0	0.09	*
Eriobotrya japonica	Leaf	--	2480.0	-0.64	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Eriocaulon sp	Leaf	--	670.0	-1.33	*
Eriodictyon californicum	Leaf	2156.0	9800.0	2.19	*
Erythroxylum coca	Leaf	2130.0	5700.0	0.61	*
Erythroxylum novogranatense	Leaf	5200.0	6700.0	0.99	*
Erythroxylum novogranatense	Leaf	3800.0	6900.0	1.07	*
Eucommia ulmoides	Bark	--	2080.0	0.23	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Euodia rutaecarpa	Fruit	--	4950.0	1.31	*
Eupatorium odoratum	Leaf	--	3200.0	-0.36	Tramil
Eupatorium perfoliatum	Plant	540.0	6000.0	0.6	*
Euphrasia officinalis	Plant	641.0	4160.0	0.03	*
Feijoa sellowiana	Fruit	80.0	500.0	-0.75	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Ficus carica	Fruit	158.0	872.0	-0.58	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Firmiana simplex	Seed	--	4480.0	0.61	*
Foeniculum vulgare	Fruit	1730.0	5012.0	1.33	*
Foeniculum vulgare	Seed	394.0	3650.0	0.28	*
Forsythia suspensa	Fruit	--	1160.0	-0.45	*
Fragaria spp	Fruit	98.0	1545.0	-0.27	*
Frangula purshiana	Bark	440.0	1590.0	-0.11	*
Fraxinus rhynchophylla	Bark	--	2070.0	0.22	*
Fritillaria thunbergii	Bulb	--	370.0	-1.41	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Fucus vesiculosus	Plant	1023.0	8670.0	1.43	*
Gardenia jasminoides	Fruit	1880.0	2170.0	0.02	*
Gastrodia elata	Rhizome	--	590.0	-1.09	*
Genipa americana	Seed	--	1500.0	-0.57	*
Genipa americana	Fruit	250.0	2900.0	0.36	*
Gentiana scabra	Root	--	1150.0	-0.75	*
Gentiana lutea	Root	603.0	2740.0	0.09	*
Geranium thunbergii	Plant	--	1660.0	-0.75	*
Ginkgo biloba	Leaf	240.0	1000.0	-1.21	*
Ginkgo biloba	Seed	270.0	605.0	-0.92	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Glehnia littoralis	Root	--	1650.0	-0.49	*
Glycine max	Seed	430.0	3160.0	0.08	*
Glycyrrhiza uralensis	Root	3690.0	5070.0	1.33	*
Glycyrrhiza glabra	Root	1515.0	9650.0	3.77	*
Gymnema sylvestre	Leaf	201.0	1060.0	-1.18	*
Harpagophytum procumbens	Root	1034.0	5440.0	1.53	*
Helianthus tuberosus	Tuber	600.0	1800.0	0.18	Bonness, M. S., Promising new drugs from plants: poisons that heal, Herbarist, #56, 1990, 59-68
Helianthus annuus	Seed	3540.0	5176.0	0.88	*
Hibiscus sabdariffa	Flower	44.0	400.0	-1.74	*
Hordeum vulgare	Stem	--	2250.0	-1.06	*
Hordeum vulgare	Sprout Seedling	--	1670.0	-0.58	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Hordeum vulgare	Seed	100.0	2300.0	-0.26	Jim Duke's personal files.*
Houttuynia cordata	Plant	--	3430.0	-0.2	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Humulus lupulus	Flower	443.0	2380.0	-0.31	*
Humulus lupulus	Fruit	--	2380.0	0.12	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Hydrangea arborescens	Root	567.0	1620.0	-0.5	*
Hydrastis canadensis	Root	814.0	2940.0	0.2	*
Hyoscyamus niger	Seed	--	5250.0	0.91	*
Inula helenium	Root	1650.0	7500.0	2.63	*
Ipomoea aquatica	Leaf	510.0	3810.0	-0.12	*
Ipomoea batatas	Root	95.0	710.0	-0.99	*
Ipomoea batatas	Leaf	--	620.0	-1.35	*
Isatis tinctoria	Root	--	4410.0	0.98	*
Juglans nigra	Seed	1795.0	2155.0	-0.31	*
Juglans nigra	Fruit	--	440.0	-0.78	*
Juglans regia	Seed	1310.0	1945.0	-0.4	*
Juglans cinerea	Seed	2212.0	2676.0	-0.11	*
Juglans nigra	Pericarp	53.0	440.0		*
Juncus effusus	Pith	--	920.0	-1.0	*
Juniperus communis	Fruit	9.0	30.0	-0.97	*
Juniperus virginiana	Shoot	266.0	8800.0	0.18	*
Jussiaea repens	Plant	--	3590.0	-0.15	*
Lablab purpureus	Seed	400.0	5505.0	1.01	*
Lactuca sativa	Leaf	110.0	8700.0	1.77	*
Lagenaria siceraria	Fruit	110.0	2465.0	0.16	*
Lantana camara	Fruit	--	1460.0	-0.31	*
Larrea tridentata	Plant	566.0	1720.0	-0.73	*
Lens culinaris	Seed	765.0	1280.0	-0.66	*
Lens culinaris	Sprout Seedling	345.0	1323.0	-1.3	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Ligustrum lucidum	Fruit	--	1020.0	-0.51	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Ligustrum japonicum	Fruit	--	1020.0	-0.51	*
Linum usitatissimum	Seed	3715.0	7002.0	1.6	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Linum usitatissimum	Hay	--	3100.0	-1.0	*
Liquidambar styraciflua	Leaf	280.0	5740.0	0.62	*
Liquidambar styraciflua	Stem	200.0	8400.0	1.53	*
Lobelia inflata	Leaf	183.0	1620.0	-0.97	*
Lonicera japonica	Flower	--	2990.0	0.13	*
Lophatherum gracile	Plant	--	2490.0	-0.49	*
Luffa aegyptiaca	Fruit	140.0	2800.0	0.31	*
Lupinus albus	Seed	1980.0	2200.0	-0.29	*
Lycium chinense	Root Bark	--	2610.0	0.77	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Lycium chinense	Fruit	--	1060.0	-0.5	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Lycopersicon esculentum	Fruit	70.0	6000.0	1.79	*
Lycopersicon esculentum	Leaf	--	4300.0	0.07	*
Lycopodium clavatum	Plant	--	2340.0	-0.54	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Lygodium japonicum	Pollen Or Spore	--	2270.0		*
Macadamia spp	Seed	1160.0	1190.0	-0.69	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Magnolia fargesii	Flower	--	2120.0	-0.5	*
Magnolia denudata	Flower	--	2120.0	-0.5	*
Magnolia officinalis	Bark	--	690.0	-0.72	*
Magnolia kobus	Flower	--	2120.0	-0.5	*
Malpighia glabra	Fruit	180.0	2095.0	-0.02	*
Malus domestica	Fruit	48.0	478.0	-0.76	*
Mangifera indica	Fruit	84.0	875.0	-0.58	*
Manihot esculenta	Root	290.0	2100.0	-0.25	*
Medicago sativa	Plant	432.0	2300.0	-0.55	*
Mentha pulegium	Plant	--	5500.0	0.45	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Mentha spicata	Leaf	630.0	4360.0	0.09	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Mentha arvensis var. piperascens	Plant	--	2830.0	-0.38	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Mentha x piperita	Leaf	985.0	6610.0	0.96	*
Momordica charantia	Fruit	195.0	3800.0	0.77	=ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Morinda sp	Root	--	1200.0	-0.72	*
Moringa oleifera	Fruit	450.0	3815.0	0.78	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Moringa oleifera	Shoot	1470.0	6890.0	-0.08	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Morus alba	Root Bark	2310.0	2450.0	0.55	*
Murraya sp	Fruit	355.0	1118.0	-0.47	*
Musa x paradisiaca	Fruit	355.0	1118.0	-0.47	*
Myrica cerifera	Bark	107.0	490.0	-0.86	*
Myristica fragrans	Seed	1830.0	2030.0	-0.36	*
Myristica fragrans	Aril	--	1630.0		CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Nardostachys chinensis	Rhizome	--	2590.0	0.97	*
Nasturtium officinale	Herb	210.0	4200.0	-0.69	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Nelumbo nucifera	Rhizome	200.0	1215.0	-0.44	*
Nelumbo nucifera	Seed	560.0	2650.0	-0.12	*
Nepeta cataria	Plant	248.0	2070.0	-0.62	*
Notopterygium incisum	Rhizome	--	2980.0	1.38	*
Nyssa sylvatica	Stem	300.0	4400.0	-0.15	*
Nyssa sylvatica	Leaf	500.0	9100.0	1.92	*
Ocimum basilicum	Leaf	4100.0	4340.0	0.08	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Oenothera biennis	Seed	4300.0	5300.0	0.93	*
Oenothera biennis	Herb	2700.0	3900.0	-0.73	*
Ophiopogon japonicus	Tuber	390.0	410.0	-0.95	*
Opuntia ficus-indica	Seed	--	790.0	-0.85	Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Opuntia ficus-indica	Bud	--	1420.0	-1.0	Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Origanum vulgare	Plant	2600.0	3016.0	-0.33	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Origanum majorana	Plant	3300.0	3900.0	-0.05	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Oryza sativa	Plant	1100.0	2200.0	-0.58	*
Pachyrhizus erosus	Tuber	160.0	1475.0	-0.08	*
Paeonia suffruticosa	Root Bark	930.0	1180.0	-1.21	*
Paeonia moutan	Root Bark	930.0	1180.0	-1.21	*
Paeonia lactiflora	Root	580.0	990.0	-0.84	*
Panax quinquefolius	Plant	980.0	2200.0	-0.58	*
Panax japonicus	Rhizome	--	2400.0	0.78	*
Panax ginseng	Root	102.0	481.0	-1.11	*
Panicum maximum	Leaf	--	4500.0	0.14	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Papaver somniferum	Seed	3148.0	15600.0	5.0	*
Parthenium integrifolium	Root	320.0	2000.0	-0.3	*
Passiflora incarnata	Flower	275.0	2500.0	-0.23	*
Pastinaca sativa	Root	230.0	2100.0	-0.25	*
Perideridia gairdneri	Root	--	500.0	-1.1	Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Perilla frutescens	Plant	--	3830.0	-0.07	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Persea americana	Fruit	370.0	1740.0	-0.18	*
Petasites japonicus	Pt	140.0	2545.0	1.0	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Petroselinum crispum	Plant	250.0	3160.0	-0.28	*
Phaseolus vulgaris	Sprout Seedling	210.0	2258.0	0.63	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Phaseolus lunatus	Seed	580.0	7000.0	1.6	*
Phaseolus acutifolius	Seed	1500.0	1865.0	-0.43	*
Phaseolus vulgaris	Seed	510.0	3430.0	0.19	*
Phaseolus coccineus	Seed	--	1780.0	-0.46	*
Phaseolus vulgaris	Fruit	210.0	18000.0	7.35	*
Phellodendron amurense	Bark	--	650.0	-0.75	*
Phoenix dactylifera	Fruit	325.0	790.0	-0.62	*
Phyllanthus emblica	Fruit	118.0	584.0	-0.72	*
Physalis peruviana	Fruit	310.0	1810.0	-0.15	*
Physalis ixocarpa	Fruit	230.0	2150.0	0.01	*
Phytelephas aequatorialis	Flower	440.0	1505.0	-0.94	KOZIOL & PEDERSEN. 1993. PHYTELEPHAS AEQUATORIALIS(ARECACEAE) IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL NUTRITION. ECON. BOT. 47:401-307.
Phytelephas aequatorialis	Mesocarp	320.0	1005.0		KOZIOL & PEDERSEN. 1993. PHYTELEPHAS AEQUATORIALIS(ARECACEAE) IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL NUTRITION. ECON. BOT. 47:401-307.
Pimenta dioica	Fruit	1200.0	1480.0	-0.3	*
Pimpinella anisum	Fruit	--	1878.0	-0.12	*
Pimpinella anisum	Seed	--	1878.0	-0.42	*
Pinellia ternata	Tuber	560.0	710.0	-0.7	*
Pinus echinata	Shoot	255.0	2100.0	-0.75	*
Pinus edulis	Seed	2180.0	2650.0	-0.12	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Piper nigrum	Fruit	1809.0	2319.0	0.09	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pistacia vera	Seed	949.0	1644.0	-0.51	*
Pisum sativum	Fruit	218.0	2591.0	0.21	*
Pisum sativum	Seed	319.0	1700.0	-0.49	*
Pisum sativum	Plant	2200.0	3700.0	-0.11	*
Plantago major	Seed	318.0	1060.0	-0.75	*
Plantago asiatica	Plant	--	5320.0	0.39	*
Plantago psyllium	Seed	111.0	510.0	-0.96	*
Platycodon grandiflorum	Root	1250.0	1510.0	-0.56	*
Polygala tenuifolia	Root	--	960.0	-0.85	*
Polygonum multiflorum	Root	--	2340.0	-0.12	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Polygonum multiflorum	Rhizome	--	890.0	-0.78	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Portulaca oleracea	Herb	670.0	18700.0	1.41	*
Prunella vulgaris	Flower	--	4560.0	1.26	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Prunus serotina	Stem	28.0	5400.0	0.27	*
Prunus persica	Fruit	68.0	850.0	-0.59	*
Prunus domestica	Fruit	68.0	3400.0	0.59	*
Prunus armeniaca	Fruit	76.0	615.0	-0.7	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Prunus serotina	Leaf	435.0	9600.0	2.11	*
Prunus persica	Bark	--	4220.0	1.68	*
Prunus cerasus	Fruit	90.0	648.0	-0.69	*
Prunus persica	Seed	--	3810.0	0.34	*
Prunus dulcis	Seed	2297.0	3126.0	0.07	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Prunus armeniaca	Seed	--	1750.0	-0.47	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Psidium guajava	Fruit	98.0	735.0	-0.65	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Psidium cattleianum	Fruit	170.0	880.0	-0.58	*
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus	Leaf	80.0	346.0	-1.46	*
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus	Seed	340.0	2623.0	-0.13	*
Psoralea esculenta	Root	--	1400.0	-0.62	Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Pueraria montana	Shoot	800.0	850.0	-0.92	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Pueraria pseudohirsuta	Root	1470.0	3690.0	0.6	*
Pulsatilla chinensis	Root	--	3190.0	0.33	*
Punica granatum	Fruit	--	120.0	-0.93	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Pyrus communis	Fruit	54.0	1110.0	-0.47	*
Quercus rubra	Stem	200.0	8580.0	1.61	*
Quercus alba	Stem	100.0	5320.0	0.23	*
Quercus velutina	Stem	235.0	6820.0	0.87	*
Quercus rubra	Seed	--	500.0	-0.97	*
Quercus alba	Bark	37.0	160.0	-1.08	*
Quercus stellata	Stem	175.0	5880.0	0.47	*
Quercus phellos	Stem	210.0	2940.0	-0.77	*
Quisqualis indica	Fruit	--	1040.0	-0.5	*
Raphanus sativus	Seed	--	3960.0	0.4	*
Raphanus sativus	Root	85.0	3570.0	0.54	*
Rehmannia glutinosa	Root	--	1190.0	-0.73	*
Rheum rhabarbarum	Pt	90.0	1975.0	-1.0	*
Rheum palmatum	Rhizome	1980.0	2560.0	0.94	*
Rhizophora mangle	Leaf	--	8800.0	1.8	*
Rhodymenia palmata	Plant	--	5930.0	0.58	*
Rhus copallina	Leaf	405.0	9600.0	2.11	*
Rhus glabra	Stem	147.0	4690.0	-0.03	*
Rhus copallina	Stem	375.0	4270.0	-0.21	*
Ribes nigrum	Fruit	220.0	1720.0	-0.19	*
Ribes uva-crispa	Fruit	86.0	938.0	-0.55	*
Ribes rubrum	Fruit	122.0	935.0	-0.55	*
Rosa canina	Fruit	260.0	1390.0	-0.34	*
Rosa laevigata	Fruit	--	2830.0	0.32	*
Rosmarinus officinalis	Plant	2142.0	2483.0	-0.49	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Rosmarinus officinalis	Leaf	910.0	2825.0	-0.5	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Rubia cordifolia	Root	--	1870.0	-0.37	*
Rubus chingii	Fruit	--	2740.0	0.28	*
Rubus chamaemorus	Fruit	270.0	1875.0	-0.12	*
Rubus idaeus	Leaf	539.0	3190.0	-0.36	*
Rubus idaeus	Fruit	175.0	1400.0	-0.34	Revised USDA data received 1993.
Rumex crispus	Root	822.0	3200.0	0.34	*
Rumex acetosa	Leaf	460.0	4600.0	0.18	*
Ruscus aculeatus	Root	707.0	2340.0	-0.12	*
Salix alba	Bark	941.0	5600.0	2.63	*
Salvia miltiorrhiza	Root	--	3230.0	0.36	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Salvia officinalis	Leaf	444.0	2830.0	-0.5	*
Sambucus nigra	Fruit	265.0	1635.0	-0.23	*
Santalum acuminatum	Fruit	400.0	1715.0	-0.19	*
Sassafras albidum	Stem	77.0	4760.0	-0.0	*
Sassafras albidum	Leaf	990.0	6800.0	1.03	*
Schisandra chinensis	Fruit	414.0	2760.0	0.29	*
Schizonepeta tenuifolia	Plant	--	3390.0	-0.21	*
Scrophularia buergeriana	Root	--	2060.0	-0.27	*
Scutellaria lateriflora	Plant	155.0	1130.0	-0.91	*
Scutellaria baicalensis	Root	7170.0	7220.0	2.48	*
Secale cereale	Seed	1185.0	1740.0	-0.48	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Sechium edule	Fruit	140.0	2000.0	-0.06	*
Sechium edule	Leaf	670.0	3785.0	-0.13	*
Senna alexandrina	Leaf	1577.0	7770.0	1.41	*
Senna occidentalis	Seed	--	2880.0	-0.03	*
Senna obtusifolia	Seed	2820.0	3220.0	0.11	*
Serenoa repens	Fruit	510.0	3930.0	0.83	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Sesamum indicum	Seed	3052.0	4082.0	0.45	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Siegesbeckia orientalis	Plant	--	2660.0	-0.44	*
Silybum marianum	Plant	--	4030.0	-0.01	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Silybum marianum	Leaf	887.0	4030.0	-0.04	*
Simmondsia chinensis	Seed	--	1410.0	-0.61	*
Sinapis alba	Seed	2863.0	3282.0	0.13	*
Sinomenium acutum	Rhizome	--	360.0	-1.32	*
Smilax spp	Root	351.0	1670.0	-0.47	*
Smilax officinalis	Root	351.0	1670.0	-0.47	*
Solanum tuberosum	Tuber	190.0	4250.0	2.17	*
Solanum melongena	Fruit	85.0	1563.0	-0.26	*
Sophora subprostrata	Root	--	1880.0	-0.36	*
Sophora angustifolia	Root	2140.0	3720.0	0.62	*
Sorbus aucubaria	Fruit	190.0	1190.0	-0.44	*
Spinacia oleracea	Plant	420.0	11000.0	2.15	*
Spirulina pratensis	Plant	--	2550.0	-0.47	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Spirulina spp.	Plant	--	2550.0	-0.47	*
Spondias dulcis	Fruit	48.0	240.0	-0.88	*
Spondias tuberosa	Fruit	--	90.0	-0.94	*
Spondias dulcis	Seed	--	1200.0	-0.69	*
Stachys officinalis	Plant	185.0	1100.0	-0.92	*
Stellaria media	Plant	439.0	5290.0	0.38	*
Stevia rebaudiana	Plant	--	2890.0	-0.37	Kinghorn, A. D. (Ed.) 2002. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles. Stevia. The genus Stevia. Taylor & Francis. New York, NY. 211 pp.
Stevia rebaudiana	Leaf	--	3490.0	-0.25	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus	Stem	380.0	8800.0	1.7	*
Symphytum officinale	Root	--	1700.0	-0.46	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Symphytum officinale	Leaf	77.0	700.0	-1.32	*
Syzygium jambos	Fruit	40.0	260.0	-0.87	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Syzygium aromaticum	Fruit	2640.0	3020.0	0.41	*
Syzygium cumini	Fruit	350.0	2145.0	0.01	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Syzygium aromaticum	Flower	2640.0	3020.0	0.15	*
Tabebuia heptaphylla	Bark	145.0	810.0	-0.64	*
Tamarindus indica	Fruit	920.0	1341.0	-0.37	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Tamarindus indica	Leaf	--	710.0	-1.32	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Tanacetum parthenium	Plant	--	2400.0	-0.52	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Taraxacum officinale	Leaf	360.0	2500.0	-0.63	*
Taraxacum mongolicum	Plant	--	4050.0	-0.01	*
Taraxacum officinale	Root	225.0	1570.0	-0.53	*
Tephrosia purpurea	Leaf	--	10300.0	2.38	*
Tetragonia tetragonioides	Leaf	390.0	6500.0	0.92	*
Tetrapanax papyrifera	Pith	--	2120.0	1.0	*
Thymus vulgaris	Leaf	733.0	4360.0	0.09	*
Thymus vulgaris	Plant	1630.0	2992.0	-0.33	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Tragopogon porrifolius	Root	140.0	1000.0	-0.83	*
Trichosanthes anguina	Fruit	530.0	9815.0	3.56	*
Trifolium pratense	Hay	2400.0	8100.0	1.0	*
Trifolium pratense	Flower	628.0	3490.0	0.49	*
Trigonella foenum-graecum	Seed	157.0	1210.0	-0.69	*
Triticum aestivum	Seed	530.0	3500.0	0.22	*
Triticum aestivum	Plant	300.0	7000.0	0.91	*
Turnera diffusa	Leaf	428.0	2040.0	-0.81	*
Tussilago farfara	Flower	--	1080.0	-1.25	*
Ulmus rubra	Bark	95.0	580.0	-0.8	*
Urtica dioica	Leaf	1720.0	8600.0	1.73	*
Urtica dioica	Fruit Juice	--	--		Jim Duke's personal files.
Vaccinium myrtillus	Fruit	312.0	3900.0	0.82	*
Vaccinium macrocarpon	Fruit	240.0	2000.0	-0.06	*
Vaccinium vitis-idaea	Fruit	80.0	600.0	-0.71	*
Vaccinium corymbosum	Fruit	48.0	332.0	-0.83	*
Valeriana officinalis	Root	375.0	3180.0	0.33	*
Valerianella locusta	Plant	3773.0	3798.0	-0.08	*
Valerianella radicata	Plant	2940.0	3226.0	-0.26	*
Verbascum thapsus	Leaf	1421.0	3230.0	-0.35	*
Viburnum opulus	Bark	--	3110.0	0.93	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Vicia faba	Fruit	330.0	2260.0	0.06	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Vicia faba	Seed	380.0	2000.0	-0.37	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna angularis	Seed	1270.0	1467.0	-0.58	*
Vigna radiata	Sprout Seedling	176.0	2560.0	1.25	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna unguiculata	Seed	389.0	14400.0	4.53	*
Vigna unguiculata	Seed	3141.0	3952.0	0.4	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna aconitifolia	Seed	2250.0	4962.0	0.8	*
Vigna radiata	Seed	1777.0	2203.0	-0.29	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna unguiculata	Shoot	430.0	4207.0	-0.45	*
Vigna mungo	Seed	1850.0	2076.0	-0.34	*
Vigna unguiculata	Fruit	374.0	4160.0	0.94	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna unguiculata	Shoot	430.0	4207.0	-0.45	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Viscum album	Leaf	--	3110.0	-0.39	*
Vitis vinifera	Stem	--	4360.0	-0.17	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Vitis vinifera	Fruit	58.0	2310.0	0.08	*
Xanthosoma sagittifolium	Leaf	510.0	3170.0	-0.37	*
Xanthosoma sagittifolium	Root	270.0	2100.0	-0.25	*
Yucca baccata	Root	106.0	510.0	-1.09	*
Zea mays	Seed	100.0	1600.0	-0.53	*
Zea mays	Silk Stigma Style	--	1790.0		*
Zingiber officinale	Root	188.0	2690.0	0.07	*
Zingiber officinale	Rhizome	430.0	2690.0	1.08	*
Zizyphus jujuba	Fruit	--	620.0	-0.7	*

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