Plant	Part	Low PPM	High PPM	StdDev	^*Reference
Abelmoschus manihot	Leaf	33.0	284.0	-0.2	*
Abelmoschus esculentus	Fruit	8.0	150.0	0.07	*
Acacia farnesiana	Leaf	37.0	199.0	-0.42	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Acalypha indica	Leaf	170.0	885.0	1.32	Wealth of India.
Acanthopanax gracilistylis	Root Bark	--	250.0	-0.13	*
Achillea millefolium	Plant	--	--		*
Achyranthes bidentata	Root	150.0	180.0	-0.18	*
Aconitum carmichaelii	Tuber	--	310.0	1.59	*
Acorus calamus	Rhizome	--	350.0	-0.03	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Actaea racemosa	Root	--	38.0	-0.39	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Actaea dahurica	Rhizome	--	680.0	0.97	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Actinidia chinensis	Fruit	3.0	30.0	-0.41	*
Aegle marmelos	Fruit	6.0	15.0	-0.47	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Agathosma betulina	Leaf	--	867.0	1.28	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Akebia quinata	Stem	--	150.0	-0.55	*
Albizia julibrissin	Bark	--	100.0	-0.46	*
Albizia lebbeck	Seed	--	115.0	-0.17	Wealth of India.
Aleurites moluccana	Seed	20.0	22.0	-0.6	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Alisma plantago-aquatica	Rhizome	95.0	110.0	-0.75	*
Allium sativum var. sativum	Shoot	17.0	76.0	-0.57	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Allium sativum var. sativum	Bulb	8.0	129.0	0.63	*
Allium ampeloprasum	Root	11.0	80.0	-0.33	*
Allium sativum var. sativum	Root	1.0	3.0	-0.44	*
Allium sativum var. sativum	Leaf	6.0	44.0	-0.81	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Allium cepa	Seed	--	235.0	0.39	*
Allium ampeloprasum	Leaf	11.0	255.0	-0.27	*
Allium schoenoprasum	Leaf	8.0	200.0	-0.41	*
Allium sativum var. sativum	Flower	9.0	78.0	-0.59	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Allium cepa	Leaf	34.0	436.0	0.18	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Allium cepa	Bulb	2.0	135.0	0.78	*
Allium ampeloprasum	Flower	9.0	53.0	-0.75	*
Alocasia macrorrhiza	Leaf	6.0	38.0	-0.82	*
Alocasia macrorrhiza	Root	5.0	63.0	-0.35	*
Aloe vera	Leaf	30.0	300.0	-0.16	Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Aloe spp.	Leaf	--	4.1	-0.91	*
Alpinia galanga	Rhizome	21.0	149.0	-0.63	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Althaea officinalis	Root	12.0	115.0	-0.27	*
Amaranthus spinosus	Leaf	22.0	1965.0	4.06	*
Amaranthus sp.	Leaf	23.0	1527.0	2.95	*
Amomum xanthioides	Seed	--	910.0	3.53	*
Amorphophallus konjac	Root	--	--		*
Amorphophallus konjac	Leaf	3.0	115.0	-0.63	*
Amorphophallus campanulatus	Root	5.0	112.0	-0.28	*
Amphicarpaea bracteata	Shoot	--	360.0	-0.19	*
Anacardium occidentale	Seed	18.0	195.0	0.21	*
Anacardium occidentale	Fruit	2.0	77.0	-0.22	*
Ananas comosus	Fruit	3.0	73.0	-0.24	*
Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Rhizome	90.0	1400.0	3.14	*
Anethum graveolens	Plant	23.0	755.0	0.15	*
Anethum graveolens	Fruit	114.0	230.0	0.38	*
Anethum graveolens	Seed	114.0	230.0	0.37	*
Anethum graveolens	Leaf	--	--		*
Angelica sinensis	Root	19.4	88.0	-0.31	*
Angelica laxiflora	Root	--	230.0	-0.11	*
Angelica dahurica	Root	--	1800.0	2.17	*
Annona muricata	Fruit	5.0	33.0	-0.4	*
Annona glabra	Fruit	23.0	175.0	0.17	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Annona squamosa	Fruit	6.0	66.0	-0.27	*
Annona cherimola	Seed	210.0	270.0	0.55	*
Annona diversifolia	Fruit	7.0	25.0	-0.43	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Annona reticulata	Fruit	4.0	47.0	-0.34	*
Annona cherimola	Fruit	2.0	26.0	-0.42	*
Anthriscus cerefolium	Leaf	320.0	345.0	-0.05	*
Apium graveolens	Seed	25.0	571.0	1.95	*
Apium graveolens	Root	3.6	47.0	-0.37	ACTA AGRIC SCAND SUPPL 22: 1980
Apium graveolens	Fruit	25.0	120.0	-0.05	*
Apium graveolens	Pt	3.0	347.0	1.29	*
Arachis hypogaea	Seed	21.0	42.0	-0.51	*
Arachis hypogaea	Leaf	42.0	195.0	-0.43	*
Aralia cordata	Leaf	3.0	64.0	-0.76	*
Arctium lappa	Root	35.0	147.0	-0.23	*
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	Leaf	12.0	105.0	-0.65	*
Areca catechu	Seed	15.0	70.0	-0.38	*
Areca catechu	Shoot	20.0	147.0	-0.47	*
Arisaema consanguineum	Rhizome	--	600.0	0.73	*
Aristolochia debilis	Fruit	--	190.0	0.23	*
Armoracia rusticana	Root	1.4	8.0	-0.43	*
Arracacia xanthorrhiza	Root	9.0	31.0	-0.4	*
Artemisia vulgaris	Leaf	15.0	118.0	-0.62	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Artemisia capillaris	Plant	--	200.0	-0.5	*
Artemisia herba-alba	Plant	710.0	820.0	0.23	*
Artemisia vulgaris	Plant	1200.0	3900.0	3.85	Chem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 2205.
Artemisia dracunculus	Plant	320.0	350.0	-0.33	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Artocarpus altilis	Seed	37.0	58.0	-0.43	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Artocarpus altilis	Fruit	3.0	62.0	-0.28	*
Artocarpus heterophyllus	Seed	12.0	25.0	-0.58	*
Artocarpus heterophyllus	Fruit	5.0	22.0	-0.44	*
Asiasarum heterotropoides	Root	450.0	2800.0	3.63	*
Asiasarum sieboldii	Root	450.0	2800.0	3.63	*
Asimina triloba	Fruit	68.0	308.0	0.69	*
Aspalathus linearis	Plant	--	14.0	-0.72	*
Aspalathus linearis	Shoot	--	3300.0	3.75	*
Asparagus lucidus	Root	--	30.0	-0.4	*
Asparagus officinalis	Root	1.2	12.0	-0.42	*
Asparagus officinalis	Shoot	6.0	240.0	-0.35	*
Astragalus membranaceus	Root	3.2	20.0	-0.41	*
Atractylodes lancea	Rhizome	--	290.0	-0.21	*
Atractylodes ovata	Rhizome	210.0	780.0	1.27	*
Avena sativa	Seed	20.0	300.0	0.69	Jim Duke's personal files.*
Avena sativa	Plant	3.0	13.5	-0.72	*
Averrhoa bilimbi	Fruit	6.0	175.0	0.17	*
Averrhoa carambola	Fruit	1.0	165.0	0.13	*
Bacopa monnieri	Shoot	--	78.0	-0.56	Wealth of India.
Bactris gasipaes	Fruit	6.0	45.0	-0.35	*
Barosma betulina	Leaf	--	867.0	1.28	*
Basella alba	Leaf	12.0	175.0	-0.48	*
Belamcanda chinensis	Rhizome	--	150.0	-0.63	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Benincasa hispida	Fruit	4.0	125.0	-0.03	*
Berberis vulgaris	Root	--	141.0	-0.24	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Berberis vulgaris	Bark	--	141.0	-0.27	*
Bertholletia excelsa	Seed	30.0	93.0	-0.27	*
Beta vulgaris	Root	5.0	165.0	-0.2	*
Beta vulgaris	Leaf	7.0	392.0	0.07	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Bixa orellana	Fruit	8.0	56.0	-0.31	*
Bixa orellana	Seed	42.0	56.0	-0.44	*
Blechnum orientale	Rhizome	--	70.0	-0.87	*
Bletilla striata	Tuber	--	100.0	-0.4	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Blighia sapida	Seed	17.0	173.0	0.1	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Blighia sapida	Aril	27.0	130.0	0.61	*
Boehmeria nivea	Leaf	16.0	123.0	-0.61	*
Boehmeria nivea	Plant	1500.0	3500.0	3.38	*
Borago officinalis	Leaf	33.0	472.0	0.28	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica nigra	Leaf	12.0	209.0	-0.39	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica chinensis	Leaf	8.0	171.0	-0.49	*
Brassica rapa	Root	2.0	37.0	-0.39	*
Brassica oleracea	Stem	4.0	44.0	-0.65	*
Brassica oleracea var. italica	Leaf	8.0	109.0	-0.64	*
Brassica rapa	Leaf	8.0	171.0	-0.49	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera	Leaf	9.0	136.0	-0.58	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Brassica napus var. napobrassica	Root	2.0	62.0	-0.35	*
Brassica rapa	Seed	--	93.0	-0.27	*
Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l.	Leaf	15.0	110.0	-0.64	*
Brassica oleracea var. viridis l.	Leaf	6.0	102.0	-0.66	*
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.	Leaf	8.0	109.0	-0.64	*
Brassica juncea	Leaf	16.0	174.0	-0.48	*
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.	Flower	5.0	122.0	-0.3	*
Brassica pekinensis	Leaf	28.5	63.0	-0.76	*
Brassica oleracea var. capitata l.	Leaf	4.0	151.0	-0.54	*
Bromelia pinguin	Shoot	3.0	75.0	-0.57	*
Brosimum alicastrum	Fruit	8.0	50.0	-0.33	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Broussonetia papyrifera	Fruit	--	560.0	1.69	*
Bupleurum chinense	Root	2.8	25.0	-0.41	*
Byrsonima crassifolia	Fruit	6.0	118.0	-0.06	*
Cajanus cajan	Seed	13.0	62.0	-0.41	*
Cajanus cajan	Fruit	17.0	56.0	-0.31	*
Calathea macrosepala	Flower	10.0	130.0	-0.25	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Camellia sinensis	Leaf	189.0	1500.0	2.88	*
Canavalia ensiformis	Seed	12.0	97.0	-0.25	*
Canavalia ensiformis	Fruit	12.0	175.0	0.17	*
Canna indica	Root	14.0	42.0	-0.38	*
Cannabis sativa	Seed	120.0	139.0	-0.05	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Capparis spinosa	Leaf	--	720.0	0.9	Wealth of India.
Capsella bursa-pastoris	Plant	48.0	407.0	-0.26	*
Capsicum frutescens	Fruit	7.0	135.0	0.01	*
Capsicum annuum	Fruit	4.0	14.0	-0.47	*
Carica papaya	Leaf	8.0	38.0	-0.82	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Carica papaya	Fruit	0.4	3.0	-0.52	*
Carica pentagona	Fruit	4.0	60.0	-0.29	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Carthamus tinctorius	Seed	97.0	102.0	-0.23	*
Carthamus tinctorius	Flower	1.0	8.0	-1.05	*
Carum carvi	Seed	123.0	1200.0	4.87	*
Carum carvi	Fruit	123.0	286.0	0.61	*
Carya illinoensis	Seed	24.0	73.0	-0.36	*
Carya ovata	Shoot	12.5	45.0	-0.61	*
Carya glabra	Shoot	10.0	429.0	-0.09	*
Carya ovata	Seed	--	32.0	-0.55	*
Casimiroa edulis	Fruit	2.0	15.0	-0.47	*
Cassia tora	Seed	--	50.0	-0.47	*
Castanea sativa	Seed	7.0	16.0	-0.63	*
Castanea mollisima	Seed	14.0	25.0	-0.58	*
Castanea dentata	Seed	12.0	29.0	-0.57	*
Catalpa ovata	Fruit	--	140.0	0.03	*
Catha edulis	Leaf	--	185.0	-0.45	*
Caulophyllum thalictroides	Root	18.0	164.0	-0.2	*
Celosia cristata	Flower	--	180.0	0.08	*
Cenchrus biflorus	Seed	220.0	245.0	0.44	*
Centaurea cyanus	Plant	--	--		*
Centella asiatica	Leaf	3.0	29.0	-0.85	*
Chaenomeles lagenaria	Fruit	--	110.0	-0.09	*
Chamaemelum nobile	Flower	--	170.0	0.01	*
Chamissoa altissima	Leaf	137.0	1370.0	2.55	Tramil
Chenopodium ambrosioides	Plant	--	52.0	-0.68	*
Chenopodium album	Seed	--	5.0	-0.68	*
Chenopodium album	Leaf	12.0	250.0	-0.29	*
Chondrus crispus	Plant	--	874.0	0.29	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Chrysanthemum coronarium	Leaf	25.0	385.0	0.06	*
Chrysanthemum parthenium	Leaf	--	--		*
Chrysanthemum coronarium	Bud	31.0	420.0		*
Chrysanthemum parthenium	Plant	--	--		*
Chrysophyllum cainito	Fruit	4.0	47.0	-0.34	*
Cicer arietinum	Seed	61.0	72.0	-0.37	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cichorium endivia	Leaf	6.0	360.0	-0.01	*
Cichorium intybus	Root	8.0	40.0	-0.38	*
Cichorium intybus	Leaf	5.0	246.0	-0.3	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cimicifuga dahurica	Rhizome	--	680.0	0.97	*
Cimicifuga racemosa	Root	8.0	38.0	-0.39	*
Cinnamomum burmannii	Bark	--	100.0	-0.46	*
Cinnamomum aromaticum	Bark	25.0	421.0	0.99	*
Cinnamomum verum	Bark	60.0	421.0	0.99	*
Cinnamomum sieboldii	Root Bark	--	200.0	-0.4	*
Cistanche salsa	Plant	--	60.0	-0.67	*
Citrullus lanatus	Seed	--	75.0	-0.35	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Citrullus lanatus	Fruit	2.0	143.0	0.04	*
Citrus reticulata	Fruit	1.0	79.0	-0.21	*
Citrus aurantiifolia	Fruit	--	67.0	-0.26	*
Citrus aurantium	Fruit	3.0	260.0	0.5	*
Citrus paradisi	Fruit	1.0	88.0	-0.18	*
Citrus medica	Fruit	--	60.0	-0.29	*
Citrus sinensis	Fruit	1.0	8.0	-0.5	*
Citrus limon	Fruit	23.0	72.0	-0.24	*
Citrus mitis	Fruit	30.0	300.0	0.66	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Cnicus benedictus	Plant	3.2	24.0	-0.71	*
Cnidium officinale	Rhizome	--	240.0	-0.36	*
Cnidoscolus chayamansa	Leaf	50.0	600.0	0.6	*
Coccinia grandis	Fruit	14.0	203.0	0.28	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Cocos nucifera	Seed	20.0	50.0	-0.47	*
Coffea arabica	Seed	29.0	31.0	-0.56	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Coffea arabica	Leaf	966.0	1032.0	1.7	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Coix lacryma-jobi	Seed	29.0	68.0	-0.38	*
Cola acuminata	Seed	20.0	54.0	-0.45	*
Colocasia esculenta	Root	4.0	200.0	-0.15	*
Colocasia esculenta	Leaf	6.0	200.0	-0.41	*
Commiphora wightii	Inflorescence	--	--		Jim Duke's personal files.
Coptis spp	Rhizome	210.0	320.0	-0.12	*
Coptis japonica	Rhizome	210.0	320.0	-0.12	*
Coptis chinensis	Rhizome	210.0	320.0	-0.12	*
Corchorus olitorius	Leaf	47.0	485.0	0.31	*
Coriandrum sativum	Leaf	30.0	528.0	0.42	*
Coriandrum sativum	Fruit	112.0	227.0	0.37	*
Cornus officinalis	Fruit	--	90.0	-0.17	*
Corylus avellana	Seed	30.0	99.0	-0.24	*
Crataegus cuneata	Fruit	--	210.0	0.31	*
Crataegus laevigata	Fruit	--	--		*
Crataegus rhipidophylla	Fruit	--	--		Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Crescentia alata	Seed	94.0	97.0	-0.25	*
Cucumis melo	Fruit	2.0	55.0	-0.31	*
Cucumis sativus	Fruit	2.6	420.0	1.14	*
Cucurbita pepo	Flower	7.0	144.0	-0.16	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Cucurbita maxima	Leaf	20.4	145.0	-0.55	*
Cucurbita spp	Fruit	4.0	73.0	-0.24	*
Cucurbita pepo	Seed	86.0	200.0	0.23	*
Cuminum cyminum	Fruit	155.0	748.0	2.44	*
Cuminum cyminum	Seed	155.0	748.0	2.77	*
Curcuma longa	Plant	25.0	80.0	-0.64	*
Curcuma longa	Rhizome	121.0	467.0	0.33	*
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba	Shoot	--	331.0	-0.23	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba	Fruit	--	58.0	-0.3	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cyclanthera pedata	Fruit	6.0	210.0	0.31	*
Cydonia oblonga	Fruit	6.0	52.0	-0.32	*
Cymbopogon citratus	Plant	--	543.0	-0.1	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Cynanchum atratum	Root	--	1350.0	1.52	*
Cynara cardunculus	Flower	11.0	101.0	-0.44	*
Cyperus rotundus	Rhizome	--	430.0	0.21	*
Cyphomandra betacea	Fruit	6.0	57.0	-0.3	*
Cypripedium pubescens	Root	--	117.0	-0.27	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Cyrtosperma chamissonis	Root	4.0	22.0	-0.41	*
Daucus carota	Root	3.0	300.0	-0.01	*
Dendrobium nobile	Stem	--	90.0	-0.61	*
Dioscorea pentaphylla	Root	4.0	24.0	-0.41	*
Dioscorea bulbifera	Rhizome	--	40.0	-0.96	*
Dioscorea alata	Root	1.4	25.0	-0.41	*
Dioscorea villosa	Root	7.0	31.0	-0.4	*
Dioscorea sp.	Root	--	315.0	0.02	*
Diospyros virginiana	Leaf	15.0	500.0	0.35	*
Diospyros virginiana	Fruit	25.0	70.0	-0.25	*
Diospyros digyna	Fruit	3.0	18.0	-0.46	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Diospyros virginiana	Stem	3.0	1620.0	0.84	*
Dipsacus fullonum	Plant	--	190.0	-0.51	*
Drynaria fortunei	Rhizome	--	50.0	-0.93	*
Durio zibethinus	Fruit	7.0	37.0	-0.38	J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Echinacea purpurea	Root	18.0	70.0	-0.34	*
Echinacea spp	Root	700.0	4800.0	6.53	*
Elaeagnus commutata	Fruit	4.0	30.0	-0.41	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Elaeagnus umbellatus	Fruit	10.0	70.0	-0.25	*
Elaeis guineensis	Fruit	40.0	61.0	-0.29	*
Eleocharis dulcis	Tuber	6.0	37.0	-1.0	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Elettaria cardamomum	Seed	140.0	153.0	0.01	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Elettaria cardamomum	Fruit	42.0	66.0	-0.27	*
Eleutherococcus senticosus	Root	2.5	12.0	-0.42	*
Elytrigia repens	Plant	--	311.0	-0.37	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Ephedra spp	Plant	--	600.0	-0.03	*
Ephedra sinica	Plant	4.4	21.0	-0.71	*
Equisetum hyemale	Plant	--	140.0	-0.57	*
Equisetum arvense	Plant	26.0	123.0	-0.59	*
Eriobotrya japonica	Fruit	20.0	67.0	-0.26	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Eriobotrya japonica	Leaf	--	200.0	-0.41	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Eriocaulon sp	Leaf	--	70.0	-0.74	*
Eriodictyon californicum	Leaf	24.0	110.0	-0.64	*
Eryngium floridanum	Shoot	--	400.0	-0.13	*
Erythrina fusca	Leaf	18.0	52.0	-0.79	*
Erythrina berteroana	Shoot	22.0	140.0	-0.48	*
Erythroxylum coca	Leaf	66.0	490.0	0.32	*
Erythroxylum novogranatense	Leaf	49.0	81.0	-0.72	*
Erythroxylum novogranatense	Leaf	86.0	97.0	-0.67	*
Eucommia ulmoides	Bark	--	300.0	0.44	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Eugenia uniflora	Fruit	1.0	14.0	-0.47	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Eugenia floribunda	Fruit	5.0	40.0	-0.37	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Eugenia brasiliensis	Fruit	4.5	34.0	-0.39	*
Euodia rutaecarpa	Fruit	--	86.0	-0.19	*
Eupatorium odoratum	Leaf	--	80.0	-0.72	Tramil
Eupatorium perfoliatum	Plant	2.0	20.0	-0.71	*
Euphrasia officinalis	Plant	5.0	31.0	-0.7	*
Fagopyrum esculentum	Seed	30.0	132.0	-0.09	*
Fallopia japonica	Plant	360.0	1300.0	0.79	Chem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 2205.
Feijoa sellowiana	Fruit	0.5	3.0	-0.52	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Ficus carica	Fruit	3.0	57.0	-0.3	*
Firmiana simplex	Seed	--	70.0	-0.38	*
Foeniculum vulgare	Fruit	100.0	240.0	0.42	*
Foeniculum vulgare	Seed	2.3	21.0	-0.6	*
Foeniculum vulgare	Plant	27.0	270.0	-0.42	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Forsythia suspensa	Fruit	--	440.0	1.22	*
Fragaria spp	Fruit	3.0	100.0	-0.13	*
Frangula purshiana	Bark	6.4	23.0	-0.8	*
Fraxinus rhynchophylla	Bark	--	120.0	-0.37	*
Fritillaria thunbergii	Bulb	--	50.0	-1.41	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Fucus vesiculosus	Plant	2.0	16.0	-0.72	*
Garcinia mangostana	Fruit	2.0	46.0	-0.35	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Gardenia jasminoides	Fruit	40.0	130.0	-0.01	*
Gastrodia elata	Rhizome	--	40.0	-0.96	*
Genipa americana	Fruit	10.0	160.0	0.11	*
Genipa americana	Seed	--	100.0	-0.24	*
Gentiana scabra	Root	--	910.0	0.88	*
Gentiana lutea	Root	8.0	37.0	-0.39	*
Geranium thunbergii	Plant	--	400.0	-0.27	*
Ginkgo biloba	Seed	10.0	26.0	-0.58	*
Ginkgo biloba	Leaf	2.0	8.0	-0.9	*
Glechoma hederacea	Plant	290.0	500.0	-0.15	Chem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 2205.
Glehnia littoralis	Root	--	820.0	0.75	*
Gliricidia sepium	Leaf	8.0	52.0	-0.79	*
Gliricidia sepium	Flower	18.0	129.0	-0.26	*
Glycine max	Seed	38.0	180.0	0.14	*
Glycine max	Plant	--	210.0	-0.49	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Glycine max	Sprout Seedling	10.0	73.0	-0.98	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Glycine max	Fruit	28.0	91.0	-0.17	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Glycyrrhiza uralensis	Root	180.0	280.0	-0.03	*
Glycyrrhiza glabra	Root	14.0	88.0	-0.31	*
Gymnema sylvestre	Leaf	9.0	49.0	-0.8	*
Harpagophytum procumbens	Root	55.0	290.0	-0.02	*
Helianthus tuberosus	Tuber	6.0	168.0	0.24	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Helianthus annuus	Seed	60.0	70.0	-0.38	*
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis	Flower	17.0	165.0	-0.02	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Hibiscus sabdariffa	Leaf	15.0	333.0	-0.08	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Hibiscus sabdariffa	Flower	0.7	6.0	-1.06	*
Hordeum vulgare	Seed	40.0	100.0	-0.24	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Hordeum vulgare	Stem	--	160.0	-0.54	*
Hordeum vulgare	Sprout Seedling	--	100.0	-0.45	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Houttuynia cordata	Plant	--	500.0	-0.15	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Humulus lupulus	Flower	--	--		*
Humulus lupulus	Fruit	--	--		Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Hydrangea arborescens	Root	6.0	18.0	-0.42	*
Hydrastis canadensis	Root	17.0	61.0	-0.35	*
Hylocereus undatus	Fruit	13.0	83.0	-0.2	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Hylocereus guatemalensis	Fruit	5.0	37.0	-0.38	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Hyoscyamus niger	Seed	--	180.0	0.14	*
Inga feuillei	Aril	4.0	25.0	-1.41	J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Inga edulis	Seed	30.0	85.0	-0.31	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Inula helenium	Plant	--	--		*
Inula helenium	Root	0.9	4.0	-0.44	*
Ipomoea batatas	Leaf	10.0	365.0	0.0	*
Ipomoea aquatica	Leaf	11.0	540.0	0.45	*
Ipomoea batatas	Root	4.0	64.0	-0.35	*
Isatis tinctoria	Root	--	150.0	-0.22	*
Juglans cinerea	Seed	38.0	76.0	-0.35	*
Juglans regia	Seed	22.0	28.0	-0.57	*
Juglans nigra	Pericarp	5.4	45.0		*
Juglans nigra	Seed	28.0	73.0	-0.36	*
Juglans nigra	Fruit	--	455.0	1.28	*
Juncus effusus	Pith	--	840.0	1.41	*
Juniperus virginiana	Shoot	11.0	1320.0	1.1	*
Juniperus communis	Fruit	5.0	15.0	-0.47	*
Jussiaea repens	Plant	--	700.0	0.09	*
Justicia pectoralis	Leaf	74.0	495.0	0.33	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Kalmia latifolia	Leaf	--	50.0	-0.79	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Lablab purpureus	Seed	7.4	61.0	-0.42	*
Lablab purpureus	Fruit	16.7	94.9	-0.15	*
Lactuca sativa	Leaf	5.0	176.0	-0.47	*
Lagenaria siceraria	Fruit	2.0	45.0	-0.35	*
Larrea tridentata	Plant	11.0	33.0	-0.7	*
Lens culinaris	Sprout Seedling	30.0	116.0	-0.13	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Lens culinaris	Seed	22.0	106.0	-0.21	*
Lepidium sativum	Leaf	13.0	286.0	-0.2	*
Licania platypus	Fruit	5.0	48.0	-0.34	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Ligustrum lucidum	Fruit	--	120.0	-0.05	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Ligustrum japonicum	Fruit	--	120.0	-0.05	*
Limonia acidissima	Seed	300.0	312.0	0.75	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Limonia acidissima	Fruit	6.0	20.0	-0.45	*
Linum usitatissimum	Seed	29.0	549.0	1.85	*
Lobelia inflata	Leaf	4.0	31.0	-0.84	*
Lonicera japonica	Flower	--	350.0	1.2	*
Lophatherum gracile	Plant	--	240.0	-0.46	*
Luffa aegyptiaca	Fruit	3.0	80.0	-0.21	*
Luffa aegyptiaca	Leaf	115.0	1162.0	2.02	*
Lupinus albus	Seed	43.0	49.0	-0.47	*
Lupinus mutabilis	Seed	55.0	60.0	-0.42	*
Lupinus mutabilis	Fruit	19.0	66.0	-0.27	*
Lycium chinense	Fruit	13.0	140.0	0.03	*
Lycium chinense	Root Bark	--	670.0	2.11	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Lycium chinense	Leaf	54.0	519.0	0.39	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Lycopersicon esculentum	Fruit	1.0	800.0	2.65	*
Lycopodium clavatum	Plant	--	650.0	0.03	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Lygodium japonicum	Pollen Or Spore	--	1090.0		*
Macadamia spp	Seed	18.0	200.0	0.23	*
Magnolia kobus	Flower	--	320.0	1.0	*
Magnolia fargesii	Flower	--	320.0	1.0	*
Magnolia denudata	Flower	--	320.0	1.0	*
Magnolia officinalis	Bark	--	120.0	-0.37	*
Malpighia glabra	Fruit	2.0	28.0	-0.42	*
Malus domestica	Fruit	1.1	123.0	-0.04	*
Malva sylvestris	Leaf	37.0	440.0	0.19	*
Malva parviflora	Plant	--	195.0	-0.51	*
Mammea americana	Fruit	1.0	51.0	-0.33	*
Mangifera indica	Fruit	1.0	243.0	0.44	*
Mangifera indica	Leaf	--	62.0	-0.76	*
Manihot esculenta	Root	2.0	114.0	-0.28	*
Manihot esculenta	Leaf	28.0	1500.0	2.88	*
Manilkara zapota	Fruit	6.0	40.0	-0.37	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Maranta arundinacea	Root	19.0	75.0	-0.33	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Mauritia flexuosa	Fruit	7.0	15.0	-0.47	J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Medicago sativa	Plant	4.9	26.0	-0.71	*
Melicoccus bijugatas	Fruit	5.0	38.0	-0.38	*
Mentha x piperita	Leaf	9.0	60.0	-0.77	*
Mentha arvensis var. piperascens	Plant	--	400.0	-0.27	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Mentha spicata	Plant	156.0	918.0	0.34	*
Mentha pulegium	Plant	--	2310.0	1.98	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Mimosa pudica	Leaf	--	14.0	-0.89	*
Mimulus glabratus	Shoot	66.0	660.0	0.22	*
Momordica charantia	Fruit	2.0	560.0	1.69	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Momordica charantia	Leaf	50.0	357.0	-0.02	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Morinda sp	Root	--	320.0	0.02	*
Morinda citrifolia	Leaf	23.0	100.0	-0.67	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Moringa oleifera	Fruit	3.0	30.0	-0.41	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Moringa oleifera	Shoot	40.0	185.0	-0.42	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Moringa oleifera	Leaf	70.0	280.0	-0.21	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Morus alba	Root Bark	70.0	290.0	0.08	*
Morus alba	Fruit	19.0	247.0	0.45	*
Mucuna pruriens	Seed	--	200.0	0.23	*
Muntingia calabura	Fruit	12.0	53.0	-0.32	*
Murraya koenigii	Leaf	30.0	115.0	-0.63	*
Murraya sp	Fruit	4.0	17.0	-0.46	*
Musa x paradisiaca	Flower	--	1.0	-1.1	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Musa x paradisiaca	Pith	--	11.0	-0.81	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Musa x paradisiaca	Fruit	4.0	17.0	-0.46	*
Myrciaria dubia	Fruit	5.0	85.0	-0.19	*
Myrciaria cauliflora	Fruit	2.0	38.0	-0.38	*
Myrica cerifera	Bark	10.0	47.0	-0.7	*
Myristica fragrans	Seed	30.0	45.0	-0.49	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Myristica fragrans	Aril	126.0	140.0	0.8	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Nardostachys chinensis	Rhizome	--	1210.0	2.57	*
Nasturtium officinale	Herb	2.0	262.0	-1.0	*
Nelumbo nucifera	Seed	9.5	71.0	-0.37	*
Nelumbo nucifera	Rhizome	7.0	70.0	-0.87	*
Nepeta cataria	Plant	17.0	138.0	-0.58	*
Nigella sativa	Seed	--	140.0	-0.05	*
Notopterygium incisum	Rhizome	--	280.0	-0.24	*
Nyssa sylvatica	Stem	33.0	440.0	-0.28	*
Nyssa sylvatica	Leaf	8.0	1820.0	3.69	*
Ocimum basilicum	Leaf	48.0	478.0	0.29	*
Oenothera biennis	Seed	94.0	390.0	1.11	*
Olea europaea	Fruit	16.0	73.0	-0.24	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Ophiopogon japonicus	Tuber	70.0	340.0	1.88	*
Opuntia ficus-indica	Seed	--	100.0	-0.24	Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29.
Opuntia ficus-indica	Fruit	12.0	65.0	-0.27	*
Origanum majorana	Plant	750.0	975.0	0.41	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Origanum vulgare	Plant	325.0	598.0	-0.03	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Oryza sativa	Seed	14.0	85.0	-0.31	*
Oxalis tuberosa	Root	8.0	49.0	-0.37	*
Pachira macrocarpa	Seed	38.0	40.0	-0.51	*
Pachyrhizus erosus	Tuber	6.0	55.0	-0.83	*
Paeonia moutan	Root Bark	95.0	120.0	-0.83	*
Paeonia lactiflora	Root	40.0	47.0	-0.37	*
Paeonia suffruticosa	Root Bark	95.0	120.0	-0.83	*
Panax ginseng	Leaf	--	--		*
Panax japonicus	Rhizome	--	360.0	0.0	*
Panax ginseng	Stem	--	--		*
Panax ginseng	Root	--	--		*
Panax ginseng	Fruit	--	--		*
Panax ginseng	Pt	--	--		*
Panax quinquefolius	Plant	49.0	407.0	-0.26	*
Panicum maximum	Leaf	--	525.0	0.41	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Papaver somniferum	Seed	91.0	143.0	-0.04	*
Parthenium integrifolium	Root	1.0	6.0	-0.43	*
Passiflora incarnata	Fruit	16.0	58.0	-0.3	*
Passiflora mollissima	Fruit	4.0	50.0	-0.33	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Passiflora edulis	Seed	--	180.0	0.14	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Passiflora quadrangularis	Seed	29.0	134.0	-0.08	*
Passiflora ligularis	Fruit	4.0	52.0	-0.32	*
Passiflora edulis	Fruit	16.0	64.0	-0.27	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Passiflora quadrangularis	Fruit	6.0	143.0	0.04	*
Passiflora foetida	Fruit	7.0	39.0	-0.37	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Passiflora incarnata	Flower	0.8	7.0	-1.06	*
Pastinaca sativa	Root	4.0	112.0	-0.28	*
Peperomia pelucida	Leaf	30.0	410.0	0.12	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Peperomia pereskiifolia	Leaf	57.0	380.0	0.04	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Pereskia aculeata	Fruit	--	250.0	0.46	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Perideridia gairdneri	Root	--	32.0	-0.4	Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Perilla frutescens	Plant	--	460.0	-0.2	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Perilla frutescens	Leaf	67.0	479.0	0.29	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Perilla frutescens	Seed	13.0	135.0	-0.07	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Persea americana	Fruit	6.0	71.0	-0.25	*
Persea schiedeana	Fruit	3.0	15.0	-0.47	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Petasites japonicus	Plant	2000.0	2100.0	1.73	Chem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 2205.
Petasites japonicus	Pt	1.0	18.0	-1.15	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Petroselinum crispum	Plant	1.3	17.0	-0.72	*
Petroselinum crispum	Shoot	--	--		*
Peucedanum decursivum	Plant	780.0	1400.0	0.91	*
Phaseolus vulgaris	Sprout Seedling	8.0	87.0	-0.7	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Phaseolus vulgaris	Fruit	6.0	1050.0	3.64	*
Phaseolus lunatus	Leaf	23.0	821.0	1.16	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Phaseolus vulgaris	Seed	24.0	147.0	-0.02	*
Phaseolus lunatus	Sprout Seedling	13.0	228.0	2.07	*
Phaseolus coccineus	Seed	1.0	103.0	-0.22	*
Phaseolus coccineus	Fruit	26.0	41.0	-0.36	Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
Phaseolus vulgaris	Leaf	92.0	697.0	0.85	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Phaseolus lunatus	Seed	22.0	1000.0	3.95	*
Phaseolus acutifolius	Seed	24.0	56.0	-0.44	*
Phellodendron amurense	Bark	--	210.0	0.04	*
Phoenix dactylifera	Fruit	10.0	151.0	0.07	*
Phoenix dactylifera	Seed	5.0	17.0	-0.62	Abstract (See species file)
Phyllanthus emblica	Fruit	5.0	163.0	0.12	*
Phyllanthus acidus	Fruit	11.0	372.0	0.95	*
Physalis peruviana	Fruit	12.0	115.0	-0.07	*
Physalis ixocarpa	Fruit	14.0	2974.0	11.27	*
Phytelephas aequatorialis	Mesocarp	7.0	25.0		KOZIOL & PEDERSEN. 1993. PHYTELEPHAS AEQUATORIALIS(ARECACEAE) IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL NUTRITION. ECON. BOT. 47:401-307.
Phytelephas aequatorialis	Flower	8.0	27.0	-0.93	KOZIOL & PEDERSEN. 1993. PHYTELEPHAS AEQUATORIALIS(ARECACEAE) IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL NUTRITION. ECON. BOT. 47:401-307.
Phytolacca americana	Shoot	17.0	202.0	-0.4	*
Pimenta dioica	Leaf	76.0	95.0	-0.68	*
Pimenta dioica	Fruit	60.0	85.0	-0.19	*
Pimpinella anisum	Fruit	391.0	409.0	1.09	*
Pimpinella anisum	Seed	348.0	409.0	1.2	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Pinellia ternata	Tuber	70.0	95.0	-0.45	*
Pinus echinata	Shoot	34.0	630.0	0.18	*
Pinus pinea	Seed	92.0	100.0	-0.24	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pinus cembroides	Seed	45.0	55.0	-0.45	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pinus edulis	Seed	28.0	37.0	-0.53	*
Pinus gerardiana	Seed	--	25.0	-0.58	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Piper betel	Leaf	35.0	240.0	-0.31	*
Piper auritum	Leaf	48.0	315.0	-0.12	*
Piper nigrum	Fruit	24.0	407.0	1.09	*
Pistacia vera	Seed	46.0	137.0	-0.06	*
Pisum sativum	Fruit	21.0	206.0	0.29	*
Pisum sativum	Seed	14.0	90.0	-0.28	*
Pisum sativum	Plant	--	400.0	-0.27	*
Plantago asiatica	Plant	--	890.0	0.31	*
Plantago major	Seed	5.0	18.0	-0.62	*
Plantago psyllium	Seed	4.0	20.0	-0.61	*
Plantago psyllium	Hull Husk	--	183.0		*
Platonia insignis	Fruit	22.0	79.0	-0.21	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Platycodon grandiflorum	Root	62.0	200.0	-0.15	*
Plectranthus amboinicus	Leaf	39.0	695.0	0.84	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Polygala tenuifolia	Root	--	290.0	-0.02	*
Polygonum multiflorum	Rhizome	--	150.0	-0.63	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Polygonum multiflorum	Plant	--	350.0	-0.33	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Polygonum multiflorum	Root	--	156.0	-0.22	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Polymnia edulis	Root	6.0	66.0	-0.35	*
Polystichum polyblepharum	Plant	500.0	1900.0	1.5	*
Portulaca oleracea	Herb	8.0	467.0	1.0	*
Pourouma cecropiaefolia	Fruit	--	--	-0.53	J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Pouteria campechiana	Fruit	7.0	26.0	-0.42	*
Pouteria caimito	Fruit	10.0	70.0	-0.25	*
Pouteria viridis	Fruit	7.0	22.0	-0.44	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Prunella vulgaris	Flower	--	640.0	3.1	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Prunus serotina	Stem	0.19	810.0	0.07	*
Prunus persica	Fruit	1.0	99.0	-0.13	*
Prunus domestica	Fruit	0.8	85.0	-0.19	*
Prunus armeniaca	Fruit	5.0	79.0	-0.21	*
Prunus serotina	Leaf	20.0	1440.0	2.73	*
Prunus persica	Bark	--	117.0	-0.38	*
Prunus salicifolia	Fruit	6.0	36.0	-0.38	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Prunus cerasus	Fruit	3.0	78.0	-0.22	*
Prunus persica	Seed	--	80.0	-0.33	*
Prunus dulcis	Seed	35.0	60.0	-0.42	*
Prunus armeniaca	Seed	42.0	48.0	-0.48	Suziki, A., Morimoto, I., and Okitzu, T., Elution of Metals from Crude Drugs, Shoykugaku Zasshi 36(3):190-195.
Psidium guajava	Fruit	3.0	73.0	-0.24	*
Psidium cattleianum	Fruit	2.0	82.0	-0.2	*
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus	Leaf	20.0	259.0	-0.26	*
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus	Tuber	20.0	47.0	-0.9	*
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus	Seed	15.0	158.0	0.03	*
Psoralea esculenta	Root	--	39.0	-0.38	Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp.
Pueraria pseudohirsuta	Root	50.0	68.0	-0.34	*
Pueraria montana	Root	6.0	19.0	-0.41	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Pulsatilla chinensis	Root	--	1050.0	1.08	*
Punica granatum	Fruit	3.0	16.0	-0.46	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Pyrus communis	Fruit	0.9	37.0	-0.38	*
Quararibea cordata	Fruit	4.0	90.0	-0.17	*
Quercus velutina	Stem	14.0	236.0	-0.47	*
Quercus rubra	Seed	--	81.0	-0.32	*
Quercus alba	Bark	0.5	2.0	-0.9	*
Quercus stellata	Stem	17.0	420.0	-0.3	*
Quercus phellos	Stem	14.0	294.0	-0.42	*
Quercus rubra	Stem	12.0	343.0	-0.37	*
Quercus alba	Stem	2.0	380.0	-0.34	*
Quisqualis indica	Fruit	--	50.0	-0.33	*
Raphanus sativus	Leaf	41.0	357.0	-0.02	*
Raphanus sativus	Seed	--	120.0	-0.14	*
Raphanus sativus	Fruit	4.0	295.0	0.64	*
Raphanus sativus	Root	2.0	189.0	-0.17	*
Rehmannia glutinosa	Root	--	920.0	0.89	*
Rheum rhabarbarum	Leaf	3.0	250.0	-0.29	*
Rheum palmatum	Rhizome	100.0	180.0	-0.54	*
Rheum rhabarbarum	Pt	1.0	154.0	-0.14	*
Rhizophora mangle	Leaf	--	152.0	-0.54	*
Rhodymenia palmata	Plant	--	792.0	0.19	*
Ribes uva-crispa	Fruit	2.5	40.0	-0.37	*
Ribes rubrum	Fruit	9.0	68.0	-0.26	*
Ribes nigrum	Fruit	11.0	108.0	-0.1	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Rollinia mucosa	Fruit	12.0	53.0	-0.32	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Rosa laevigata	Fruit	--	40.0	-0.37	*
Rosa canina	Fruit	--	--		*
Rosmarinus officinalis	Plant	220.0	400.0	-0.27	*
Rosmarinus officinalis	Leaf	65.0	400.0	0.09	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Rubia cordifolia	Root	--	720.0	0.6	*
Rubus chingii	Fruit	--	110.0	-0.09	*
Rubus chamaemorus	Fruit	7.0	47.0	-0.34	*
Rubus idaeus	Fruit	5.0	45.0	-0.35	Revised USDA data received 1993.
Rubus idaeus	Leaf	17.0	101.0	-0.66	*
Rumex crispus	Root	20.0	76.0	-0.33	*
Rumex acetosa	Leaf	16.0	160.0	-0.52	*
Ruscus aculeatus	Root	50.0	164.0	-0.2	*
Salix alba	Bark	3.5	21.0	-0.81	*
Salvia miltiorrhiza	Root	--	230.0	-0.11	Chen, H.C. and Lin, S.M. 1988. Determination of Mineral Elements in Certain Crude Drugs (Part 1), Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci., 4: 259-272.
Salvia officinalis	Leaf	2.4	15.0	-0.88	*
Sambucus canadensis	Plant	16.0	79.0	-0.65	*
Sambucus nigra	Fruit	15.0	90.0	-0.17	*
Sassafras albidum	Leaf	33.0	1020.0	1.66	*
Sassafras albidum	Stem	3.0	740.0	0.0	*
Satureja hortensis	Plant	--	416.0	-0.25	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Schisandra chinensis	Fruit	5.0	35.0	-0.39	*
Schizonepeta tenuifolia	Plant	--	1700.0	1.26	*
Sclerocarya caffra	Fruit	1.0	12.0	-0.48	*
Sclerocarya caffra	Seed	--	4.0	-0.68	*
Scrophularia buergeriana	Root	--	140.0	-0.24	*
Scutellaria baicalensis	Root	170.0	220.0	-0.12	*
Scutellaria lateriflora	Plant	3.4	25.0	-0.71	*
Secale cereale	Seed	25.0	54.0	-0.45	*
Sechium edule	Shoot	3.0	40.0	-0.61	*
Sechium edule	Leaf	46.0	262.0	-0.26	*
Sechium edule	Fruit	4.0	57.0	-0.3	*
Senna occidentalis	Seed	--	1300.0	5.34	*
Senna alexandrina	Leaf	17.0	84.0	-0.71	*
Senna obtusifolia	Seed	29.0	37.0	-0.53	*
Serenoa repens	Fruit	9.0	66.0	-0.27	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Sesamum indicum	Seed	20.0	169.0	0.08	*
Sicana odorifera	Fruit	6.0	48.0	-0.34	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Sida rhombifolia	Leaf	50.0	253.0	-0.28	*
Siegesbeckia orientalis	Plant	--	190.0	-0.51	*
Silybum marianum	Leaf	23.0	106.0	-0.65	*
Silybum marianum	Plant	--	106.0	-0.61	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Simmondsia chinensis	Seed	--	46.0	-0.49	*
Sinapis alba	Seed	90.0	370.0	1.02	*
Sinomenium acutum	Rhizome	--	150.0	-0.63	*
Smilax officinalis	Root	19.0	91.0	-0.31	*
Smilax spp	Root	19.0	91.0	-0.31	*
Solanum quitoensis	Fruit	34.0	49.0	-0.33	*
Solanum torvum	Fruit	46.0	315.0	0.72	*
Solanum melongena	Fruit	3.0	137.0	0.02	*
Solanum nigrum	Leaf	3.0	660.0	0.75	*
Solanum sessiliflorum	Fruit	6.0	60.0	-0.29	Morton, J.F., Major Medicinal Plants. 1977. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. 1981.
Solanum tuberosum	Tuber	5.0	128.0	-0.13	*
Solanum melongena	Leaf	155.0	1140.0	1.97	*
Sonchus oleraceus	Leaf	31.0	455.0	0.23	*
Sophora angustifolia	Root	280.0	860.0	0.81	*
Sophora subprostrata	Root	--	130.0	-0.25	*
Sorbus aucubaria	Fruit	7.0	58.0	-0.3	*
Spinacia oleracea	Plant	8.0	384.0	-0.29	*
Spinacia oleracea	Leaf	--	--		*
Spirulina spp.	Plant	--	71.0	-0.65	*
Spirulina pratensis	Plant	--	71.0	-0.65	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Spondias tuberosa	Fruit	--	7.0	-0.5	*
Spondias mombin	Fruit	10.0	127.0	-0.02	*
Spondias purpurea	Fruit	6.0	37.0	-0.38	*
Spondias dulcis	Fruit	3.0	23.0	-0.44	*
Spondias pinnata	Fruit	39.0	400.0	1.06	*
Stachys officinalis	Plant	2.0	10.0	-0.73	*
Stellaria media	Plant	21.0	253.0	-0.44	*
Stevia rebaudiana	Plant	--	850.0	0.26	Kinghorn, A. D. (Ed.) 2002. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles. Stevia. The genus Stevia. Taylor & Francis. New York, NY. 211 pp.
Stevia rebaudiana	Leaf	--	39.0	-0.82	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus	Stem	19.0	4400.0	3.47	*
Symphytum officinale	Leaf	1.3	12.0	-0.89	*
Symphytum officinale	Root	--	810.0	0.74	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Syzygium jambos	Fruit	4.0	75.0	-0.23	*
Syzygium aromaticum	Fruit	45.0	150.0	0.07	*
Syzygium cumini	Fruit	2.0	113.0	-0.08	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Syzygium aromaticum	Flower	45.0	150.0	-0.12	*
Syzygium malaccense	Fruit	--	80.0	-0.21	*
Tabebuia heptaphylla	Bark	--	--		*
Tamarindus indica	Leaf	52.0	88.0	-0.7	*
Tamarindus indica	Fruit	13.0	109.0	-0.1	*
Tamarindus indica	Flower	--	70.0	-0.64	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Tanacetum parthenium	Plant	--	--		Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Taraxacum officinale	Root	14.0	96.0	-0.3	*
Taraxacum officinale	Leaf	31.0	900.0	1.36	*
Taraxacum mongolicum	Plant	--	910.0	0.33	*
Tephrosia candida	Plant	--	78.0	-0.65	*
Terminalia catappa	Seed	--	95.0	-0.26	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Tetragonia tetragonioides	Leaf	8.0	133.0	-0.58	*
Tetrapanax papyrifera	Pith	--	90.0	-0.6	*
Theobroma bicolor	Fruit	7.0	34.0	-0.39	*
Theobroma speciosum	Fruit	17.0	45.0	-0.35	J Cell Biochem VOL. 22=1995
Theobroma cacao	Seed	36.0	37.0	-0.53	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Theobroma bicolor	Seed	34.0	35.0	-0.54	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Thymus vulgaris	Plant	1075.0	1508.0	1.04	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Thymus vulgaris	Leaf	25.0	147.0	-0.55	*
Trachyspermum ammi	Fruit	178.0	299.0	0.66	*
Tragopogon porrifolius	Root	7.0	67.0	-0.34	*
Tribulus terrestris	Leaf	--	92.0	-0.69	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Trichosanthes anguina	Fruit	11.0	200.0	0.27	*
Trifolium pratense	Shoot	10.0	1850.0	1.81	Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
Trifolium pratense	Flower	--	--		*
Trigonella foenum-graecum	Seed	7.3	56.0	-0.44	*
Triticum aestivum	Seed	10.0	120.0	-0.14	*
Triticum aestivum	Plant	70.0	770.0	0.17	*
Tropaeolum majus	Shoot	13.0	95.0	-0.54	*
Tropaeolum tuberosum	Root	2.0	85.0	-0.32	*
Turnera diffusa	Leaf	19.0	88.0	-0.7	*
Tussilago farfara	Flower	--	370.0	1.33	*
Ullucus tuberosus	Root	7.0	58.0	-0.36	*
Ulmus rubra	Bark	--	--		*
Urtica dioica	Leaf	8.0	42.0	-0.81	*
Urtica dioica	Seed	--	57.0	-0.44	*
Urtica dioica	Root	--	63.0	-0.35	*
Vaccinium vitis-idaea	Leaf	--	250.0	-0.29	*
Vaccinium myrtillus	Fruit	12.0	151.0	0.07	*
Vaccinium vitis-idaea	Fruit	4.0	31.0	-0.4	*
Vaccinium macrocarpon	Fruit	1.0	8.0	-0.5	*
Vaccinium myrtillus	Leaf	--	250.0	-0.29	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Vaccinium corymbosum	Fruit	2.0	11.0	-0.48	*
Valeriana officinalis	Root	6.0	48.0	-0.37	*
Valerianella radicata	Plant	349.0	425.0	-0.24	*
Valerianella locusta	Plant	3519.0	4143.0	4.14	*
Verbascum thapsus	Leaf	104.0	236.0	-0.32	*
Viburnum opulus	Bark	--	880.0	3.06	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
Vicia faba	Seed	19.0	100.0	-0.24	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna aconitifolia	Seed	88.0	143.0	-0.04	*
Vigna unguiculata	Fruit	1.0	69.0	-0.25	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna radiata	Seed	58.0	84.0	-0.31	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna unguiculata	Shoot	19.0	188.0	-0.42	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna unguiculata	Shoot	19.0	188.0	-0.42	*
Vigna subterranea	Seed	12.0	136.0	-0.07	*
Vigna mungo	Seed	84.0	102.0	-0.23	*
Vigna unguiculata	Seed	10.0	240.0	0.41	*
Vigna unguiculata	Seed	86.0	94.0	-0.26	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna radiata	Sprout Seedling	5.6	132.0	0.18	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
Vigna angularis	Seed	50.0	58.0	-0.43	*
Viscum album	Leaf	--	460.0	0.25	*
Vitellaria paradoxa	Seed	--	32.0	-0.55	*
Vitis vinifera	Fruit	1.5	154.0	0.08	*
Vitis vinifera	Stem	--	900.0	0.16	*
Xanthosoma sagittifolium	Root	3.0	27.0	-0.4	*
Xanthosoma sagittifolium	Leaf	20.0	365.0	0.0	*
Yucca baccata	Root	1.5	7.3	-0.43	*
Zea mays	Seed	5.0	41.0	-0.51	*
Zea mays	Silk Stigma Style	--	504.0		*
Zingiber officinale	Root	1.1	15.0	-0.42	*
Zingiber officinale	Rhizome	4.0	162.0	-0.59	*
Zizyphus jujuba	Fruit	7.0	170.0	0.15	*
Zizyphus spina-christi	Fruit	--	33.0	-0.4	*

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