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Total Plants: 825
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Plant Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
Zingiber officinale Root 700.0 30000.0 0.8 *
Zingiber officinale Rhizome -- 10000.0 -0.5 *
Zingiber officinale Resin, Exudate, Sap -- 60000.0 -1.0 *
Zingiber officinale Or 800.0 50000.0 *
Zea mays Silk Stigma Style 800.0 1200.0 -1.0 *
Zanthoxylum alatum Leaf -- 400.0 -1.0 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis Plant -- 33000.0 1.8 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Zanthoxylum alatum Fruit 15000.0 23000.0 -0.4 *
Yucca baccata Root 208.0 2000.0 -0.6 *
Xylopia aethiopica Seed -- 13000.0 -0.4 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Xylopia aethiopica Fruit -- 20000.0 -0.4 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Vitex agnus-castus Fruit 4000.0 12000.0 -0.6 Ekundayo, O., Laakso, I., Holopainen, M., Hiltunen, R., Oguntimein, B., and Kauppinen, V. 1990. The Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf Oil of Vitex agnus-castus L. J. Essential Oil Research, 2: 115-119.
Vitex agnus-castus Leaf -- 230.0 -1.0 Ekundayo, O., Laakso, I., Holopainen, M., Hiltunen, R., Oguntimein, B., and Kauppinen, V. 1990. The Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf Oil of Vitex agnus-castus L. J. Essential Oil Research, 2: 115-119.
Vitex agnus-castus Flower 3000.0 7600.0 -0.2 Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Viola odorata Flower 300.0 1700.0 -0.4 *
Viola odorata Essential Oil 900.0 1200.0 -1.3 *
Viola tricolor Plant -- 86.0 -0.7 *
Viola odorata Root -- 380.0 -0.6 *
Viburnum opulus Bark 1000.0 3000.0 -0.7 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Viburnum prunifolium Bark 2800.0 3300.0 -0.7 *
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.