"Plant","Part","Low PPM","High PPM","StdDev","Reference"
"Abelmoschus esculentus","Fruit","1450.0","14820.0","0.6124010179892998","--"
"Acacia senegal","Plant",,,,"Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986."
"Acacia farnesiana","Plant","7040.0","37770.0","1.3374636299085358","--"
"Allium sativum var. sativum","Bulb","0.1","11736.0","1.0","--"
"Allium sativum var. sativum","Leaf",,,,"--"
"Allium cepa","Bulb","640.0","6967.0","-1.0","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Allium schoenoprasum","Leaf","2590.0","32400.0","0.33884520103249316","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Allium ampeloprasum","Plant",,,,"--"
"Aloe vera","Plant",,,,"Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986."
"Aloe vera","Leaf",,,,"Waller, G. R., Mangiafico, S., Ritchey, C. R. 1978. A Chemical Investigation of Aloe barbadensis. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 58: 69-."
"Alpinia galanga","Leaf",,,,"--"
"Amaranthus sp.","Leaf","2290.0","27549.0","0.03264038550956568","--"
"Anacardium occidentale","Seed","15050.0","15310.0","-0.6461947700116154","--"
"Ananas comosus","Fruit","293.0","4222.0","-0.7799223200234909","--"
"Anastatica hierochuntica","Fruit",,,,"--"
"Angelica sinensis","Root",,,,"Jim Duke's personal files."
"Angelica archangelica","Leaf",,,,"--"
"Apium graveolens","Pt","1130.0","23880.0",,"USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Apium graveolens","Shoot",,,,"--"
"Arachis hypogaea","Seed","31900.0","36968.0","1.2765054640295876","--"
"Arctium lappa","Root","1770.0","8850.0","-0.1433959040036098","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Artemisia dracunculus","Root",,,,"--"
"Artemisia dracunculus","Leaf",,,,"--"
"Artocarpus altilis","Seed","8170.0","18685.0","-0.3465773866018333","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Asimina triloba","Fruit","424.0","5167.0","-0.6557719563301444","--"
"Asparagus officinalis","Shoot","3550.0","45805.0","0.7703735908865186","--"
"Astragalus membranaceus","Root",,,,"Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp."
"Avena sativa","Seed",,"7000.0","-1.3839193496072566","Jim Duke's personal files.*"
"Averrhoa carambola","Fruit","510.0","5615.0","-0.5969154876162616","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Bacopa monnieri","Plant",,,,"Wealth of India."
"Basella alba","Leaf","1080.0","15650.0","-0.7184482766028467","--"
"Bertholletia excelsa","Seed","13550.0","14019.0","-0.7608039676359202","--"
"Beta vulgaris","Root","1060.0","8360.0","-0.20719379324946055","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Borago officinalis","Leaf",,,,"Jim Duke's personal files."
"Brassica rapa","Root","630.0","7750.0","-0.28661565537184647","--"
"Brassica oleracea var. capitata l.","Leaf","1190.0","15910.0","-0.7020365569499997","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Brassica chinensis","Leaf","1080.0","23080.0","-0.24945182652340953","--"
"Brassica rapa","Leaf","1080.0","23080.0","-0.24945182652340953","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l.","Leaf","2950.0","18985.0","-0.5079364110557509","--"
"Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.","Leaf","2130.0","22876.0","-0.262328714251028","--"
"Brassica oleracea var. viridis l.","Leaf","1200.0","19668.0","-0.4648240859676949","--"
"Brassica napus var. napobrassica","Root","870.0","8410.0","-0.20068380455090434","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Brassica oleracea var. italica","Leaf","2130.0","22876.0","-0.262328714251028","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Cajanus cajan","Seed","17940.0","24000.0","0.12526450756794208","--"
"Calathea allouia","Root","7650.0","8415.0","-0.20003280568104873","--"
"Cannabis sativa","Plant",,,,"Turner, C. E., El Sohly, M. A., Boeren, E. G. 1980. Constituents of Cannabis sativa L. XVII. A Review of the Natural Constituents. J Natural Products, 432: 169-234."
"Capsella bursa-pastoris","Plant",,,,"--"
"Capsicum annuum","Fruit","1200.0","16504.0","0.8336382798513058","--"
"Capsicum frutescens","Fruit","2860.0","23338.0","1.7314621798304917","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Carica papaya","Fruit","490.0","4387.0","-0.7582452723944939","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Carum carvi","Seed","20840.0","23130.0","0.048029804288976026","Revised USDA data received 1993."
"Castanea dentata","Seed","8071.0","14362.0","-0.7303539639293852","--"
"Castanea sativa","Seed","3381.0","7438.0","-1.3450356714047427","--"
"Castanea mollisima","Seed","8522.0","15169.0","-0.6587121184740685","--"
"Centella asiatica","Plant",,,,"=ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp"
"Ceratonia siliqua","Seed",,"42300.0","1.7498565420565382","Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705."
"Chenopodium album","Plant","4310.0","27457.0","0.4967613362353675","--"
"Cicer arietinum","Seed","22700.0","25660.0","0.2726318724450497","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Cichorium endivia","Leaf","1300.0","20934.0","-0.3849116356580627","--"
"Citrullus lanatus","Seed",,"25500.0","0.2584277890834008","Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp."
"Citrullus lanatus","Fruit",,"4594.0","-0.7310504308235704","Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp."
"Citrus paradisi","Fruit","810.0","4700.0","-0.7171245699225177","--"
"Citrus sinensis","Fruit","70.0","8607.0","-0.2038383572771155","--"
"Citrus reticulata","Fruit","240.0","6206.0","-0.5192722442905813","--"
"Cnidoscolus chayamansa","Leaf","8495.0","42470.0","0.9744837275869931","--"
"Cocos nucifera","Seed","3250.0","6130.0","-1.4611540528862226","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Cocos nucifera","Leaf",,,,"Jim Duke's personal files."
"Cocos nucifera","Endosperm",,,,"Jim Duke's personal files."
"Coffea arabica","Seed",,,,"--"
"Colocasia esculenta","Root","1920.0","6540.0","-0.4441573818769071","--"
"Corchorus olitorius","Leaf","5670.0","46150.0","1.206772682673444","--"
"Coriandrum sativum","Fruit",,,,"--"
"Crocus sativus","Bulb",,,,"--"
"Cryptotaenia japonica","Root",,,,"--"
"Cryptotaenia japonica","Shoot",,,,"--"
"Cucumis sativus","Fruit","320.0","8101.0","-0.2703146366727064","--"
"Cucurbita pepo","Fruit","1020.0","12143.0","0.26070734221460257","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Cucurbita foetidissima","Seed","29165.0","37280.0","1.304203426584803","--"
"Cucurbita spp","Fruit","1440.0","22785.0","1.6588112262617924","--"
"Cucurbita pepo","Seed","24770.0","41080.0","1.6415504064239652","--"
"Daucus carota","Root","1370.0","11220.0","0.1651775603079552","--"
"Dioscorea pentaphylla","Root","1360.0","7330.0","-0.34129956043971876","--"
"Fagopyrum esculentum","Seed",,"12000.0","-0.9400417445557275","--"
"Ficus carica","Fruit","1760.0","3447.0","-0.8817387558566588","CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses"
"Foeniculum vulgare","Seed","18333.0","20111.0","-0.2199834936411372","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Foeniculum vulgare","Fruit","18333.0","20111.0","1.3075116786258043","--"
"Fragaria spp","Fruit","1380.0","16370.0","0.8160338896556354","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Ginkgo biloba","Seed","5430.0","14815.0","-0.6901386529117167","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Glechoma hederacea","Plant",,,,"Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)"
"Glycine max","Shoot",,,,"--"
"Glycine max","Seed","45890.0","50175.0","2.4489637700126963","--"
"Harpagophytum procumbens","Root",,"160.0","-1.2748319398126813","--"
"Helianthus annuus","Seed","24460.0","25800.0","0.2850604453864925","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Helianthus tuberosus","Tuber",,"16852.0","-1.326448129350463","Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp."
"Hibiscus sabdariffa","Plant",,,,"CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses"
"Ipomoea batatas","Root","2730.0","10383.0","0.056200349494124","--"
"Ipomoea aquatica","Leaf","6500.0","86320.0","3.742383369038316","--"
"Juglans cinerea","Seed","30960.0","32030.0","0.8381319412806977","--"
"Juglans regia","Seed","14750.0","15310.0","-0.6461947700116154","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Juglans nigra","Seed","24620.0","25740.0","0.2797339141258742","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Lablab purpureus","Seed","2560.0","31130.0","0.7582339723714224","--"
"Lactuca sativa","Leaf","1420.0","23667.0","-0.21239921330717404","--"
"Larrea tridentata","Plant",,"5700.0","-1.276840894293783","--"
"Lens culinaris","Seed","31020.0","34900.0","1.0929176865802754","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Lens culinaris","Sprout Seedling","14330.0","47765.0","-0.962036911884795","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Lentinus edodes","Fruit",,,,"--"
"Lepidium meyenii","Root",,"9170.0","-0.10173197633284997","Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp."
"Linum usitatissimum","Seed",,"0.557","-2.0052985487141943","--"
"Lupinus albus","Seed","38770.0","43290.0","1.837744307856741","--"
"Lycium barbarum","Fruit",,"12000.0","0.24192056760280514","Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp."
"Lycopersicon esculentum","Fruit","1230.0","20332.0","1.3365457848440367","--"
"Macadamia spp","Seed","8270.0","8500.0","-1.250756068091798","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Malus domestica","Fruit","210.0","2115.0","-1.056731649443471","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Mangifera indica","Fruit","420.0","4100.0","-0.7959501976643252","--"
"Manihot esculenta","Root","1810.0","5750.0","-0.5470152033140955","--"
"Mentha x piperita","Leaf","4430.0","20750.0","-0.3965260834123852","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Mentha spicata","Leaf","3880.0","26850.0","-0.011481891557127021","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Momordica charantia","Seed",,"90.0","-1.9973581997884697","Jim Duke's personal files."
"Moringa oleifera","Shoot","9200.0","43110.0","0.6418932393390641","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Mucuna pruriens","Seed","19850.0","42080.0","1.730325927434271","--"
"Murraya sp","Fruit","1080.0","3110.0","-0.9260124834383072","--"
"Musa x paradisiaca","Fruit","1080.0","3110.0","-0.9260124834383072","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Nasturtium officinale","Herb","1870.0","37400.0","1.0","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Nelumbo nucifera","Seed","5050.0","15303.0","-0.6468161986586874","--"
"Nelumbo nucifera","Rhizome","3690.0","17655.0","1.0","--"
"Nigella sativa","Seed","10670.0","13650.0","-0.793562134888723","--"
"Ocimum basilicum","Leaf",,"16960.0","-0.6357584583519637","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Oenothera biennis","Seed","11800.0","12593.0","-0.8873978605966162","--"
"Opuntia ficus-indica","Seed",,"15900.0","-0.5938172126155349","Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29."
"Opuntia ficus-indica","Bud",,"8315.0",,"Laferriere, J.E., 1988, Nutricomp Program, Nutricomp Database; reviewed in J. Ethnobiology 9(1):27-29."
"Oryza sativa","Hay",,,,"--"
"Pachyrhizus erosus","Tuber","3870.0","35670.0","0.6747625575826737","--"
"Panax ginseng","Root",,,,"--"
"Panax quinquefolius","Plant","1265.0","4310.0","-1.3901518792841547","--"
"Panax ginseng","Leaf",,,,"--"
"Papaver bracteatum","Seed","17000.0","20350.0","-0.1987661441196741","--"
"Papaver somniferum","Seed","22020.0","23622.0","0.09170736062604648","--"
"Perideridia gairdneri","Root",,"7556.0","-0.31187441152224465","Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp."
"Persea americana","Fruit","2270.0","11000.0","0.11054452136645954","--"
"Phaseolus vulgaris","Seed","26130.0","29366.0","0.601633953309243","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Phaseolus vulgaris","Fruit","2550.0","26208.0","2.1085114325288035","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Phaseolus vulgaris","Leaf",,,,"--"
"Phaseolus vulgaris","Sprout Seedling","5460.0","58710.0","1.3787175899112203","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Phaseolus lunatus","Seed","7350.0","30802.0","0.7291156014800422","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Phoenix dactylifera","Fruit","20.0","3150.0","-0.9207574415888534","--"
"Phyllanthus emblica","Fruit","361.0","1785.0","-1.1000857447014651","--"
"Pinellia ternata","Tuber",,,,"--"
"Pinus edulis","Seed","10540.0","11200.0","-1.0110621613639723","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Pinus pinea","Seed","21870.0","26000.0","0.30281554958855367","--"
"Pistacia vera","Seed","21160.0","22012.0","-0.051221228200545865","--"
"Pisum sativum","Fruit","2280.0","22552.0","1.6282006074887239","--"
"Pisum sativum","Shoot",,"22.0","-1.4122668302255825","--"
"Pisum sativum","Seed","4950.0","23415.0","0.07333082777691317","--"
"Portulaca oleracea","Herb","770.0","19600.0","-1.0","--"
"Prunus domestica","Fruit","2490.0","16824.0","0.8756786146469363","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Prunus persica","Fruit","1170.0","8586.0","-0.20659725424807873","--"
"Prunus cerasus","Fruit",,,,"--"
"Prunus dulcis","Seed","23490.0","24571.0","0.1759553300648267","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Prunus armeniaca","Fruit","3140.0","23000.0","1.6870570762026067","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Psidium cattleianum","Fruit","370.0","1915.0","-1.0830068586907402","--"
"Psidium guajava","Fruit","520.0","3744.0","-0.8427200701244641","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Psophocarpus tetragonolobus","Seed","31870.0","34770.0","1.0813768688489356","--"
"Psophocarpus tetragonolobus","Leaf","5170.0","22333.0","-0.2966039595260125","--"
"Psophocarpus tetragonolobus","Tuber","17350.0","40728.0","1.2126583836273015","--"
"Psoralea esculenta","Root",,"8989.0","-0.12529813542162352","Izadoost, M. & Robinson, T., Synergism & antagonism in the pharmacology of alkaloidal plants, pp 137-58 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds., Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture & Pharmacology, v. 2, 1987, 255pp."
"Pyrus communis","Fruit","770.0","4756.0","-0.7097675113332824","--"
"Raphanus sativus","Root","480.0","9300.0","-0.0848060057166038","--"
"Rehmannia glutinosa","Root","1000.0","39000.0","3.782127281225793","--"
"Ribes nigrum","Fruit Juice",,"23.0",,"--"
"Rosmarinus officinalis","Leaf","3910.0","12130.0","-0.9406377119029301","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Sambucus canadensis","Fruit","580.0","2871.0","-0.9574113584887939","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Scutellaria baicalensis","Root",,,,"--"
"Secale cereale","Seed","11770.0","13215.0","-0.8321794865282061","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Sechium edule","Fruit","1010.0","14430.0","0.561164359957125","--"
"Senna obtusifolia","Seed",,"15000.0","-0.6737151815248101","--"
"Sesamum indicum","Seed","9890.0","23795.0","0.10706552576082938","--"
"Sinapis alba","Seed","19670.0","21050.0","-0.13662327941246005","--"
"Solanum melongena","Fruit","1770.0","21933.0","1.546878834868426","--"
"Solanum tuberosum","Tuber","4340.0","24050.0","-0.560972811859512","--"
"Spinacia oleracea","Plant","2400.0","28502.0","0.5819483717137405","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Stachys officinalis","Shoot",,,,"--"
"Tribulus terrestris","Fruit",,,,"--"
"Trigonella foenum-graecum","Seed","23220.0","29790.0","0.6392747742176127","--"
"Triticum aestivum","Seed","5106.0","5957.0","-1.4765122180210055","--"
"Urtica dioica","Leaf",,,,"Jim Duke's personal files."
"Vaccinium corymbosum","Fruit","520.0","3379.0","-0.8906723270007303","--"
"Valeriana officinalis","Rhizome",,,,"--"
"Valerianella locusta","Plant","1760.0","24440.0","0.25081943572029436","--"
"Vicia faba","Seed","6310.0","33210.0","0.9428870560728585","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Vigna radiata","Seed","27560.0","30302.0","0.6847278409748893","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Vigna unguiculata","Seed","25730.0","32254.0","0.8580176579870061","--"
"Vigna angularis","Seed","23550.0","27207.0","0.40996760344799277","--"
"Vigna unguiculata","Seed","29380.0","32085.0","0.8430145949362645","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Vigna radiata","Sprout Seedling","4790.0","50315.0","-0.4166806780264269","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Vitis vinifera","Fruit","810.0","4167.0","-0.78714800256649","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Zea mays","Seed","2440.0","10150.0","-1.1042764584247933","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Zingiber officinale","Root","2080.0","11990.0","0.26543138626572105","USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)"
"Zingiber officinale","Tuber",,,,"--"
"Zingiber officinale","Rhizome","2080.0","11990.0","-1.0","--"
"Zingiber officinale","Shoot",,,,"--"