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Total Plants: 39
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Plant Low PPM High PPM StdDev *Reference
Cichorium intybus Root 80000.0 850000.0 2.6 *
Arctium lappa Root 94000.0 500000.0 1.0 *
Inula helenium Root 99000.0 450000.0 0.7 *
Taraxacum officinale Root 42900.0 300000.0 0.1 *
Echinacea spp Root 59000.0 200000.0 -0.4 *
Saussurea lappa Root -- 180000.0 -0.5 *
Echinacea purpurea Root 42670.0 170000.0 -0.5 *
Petasites japonicus Root -- 170000.0 -0.5 *
Parthenium integrifolium Root 24000.0 150000.0 -0.6 *
Eupatorium perfoliatum Plant 13500.0 150000.0 *
Arnica montana Rhizome 90000.0 120000.0 1.0 *
Artemisia vulgaris Root -- 100000.0 -0.9 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Echinacea angustifolia Root 50000.0 90000.0 -0.9 *
Petasites hybridus Rhizome -- 35000.0 -1.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
Momordica charantia Tissue Culture -- 19000.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
Momordica charantia Fruit -- 10000.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
Punica granatum Petiole -- 10000.0 *
Punica granatum Pericarp -- 10000.0 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Taraxacum mongolicum Plant -- -- *
Arnica montana Flower -- -- *
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.