| Chemical | Dosage | References |
|---|---|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE | -- | Martindale's 29th |
| CAMPHOR | -- | * |
| CAPSAICIN | -- | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
| ETHANOL | -- | Martindale's 29th |
| MENTHOL | -- | * |
| NAPTHAQUINONE | -- | * |
| PROPIONIC-ACID | -- | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. |
| RUMICIN | -- | * |
| THYMYL-ACETATE | -- | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |