| Chemical | Dosage | References |
|---|---|---|
| 1,8-CINEOLE | -- | * |
| CYNARIN | -- | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| GLYCERIC-ACID | -- | Fitoterapia No.5-1986. |
| GLYCOLIC-ACID | -- | Fitoterapia No.5-1986. |
| HETEROSIDE-B | -- | Fitoterapia No.5-1986. |
| IRIDIN | -- | Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938 Madaus. |
| QUERCITRIN | -- | * |
| TURMERONE | -- | * |