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Chemical ID
ISOVALERICACID
Ubiquitous
No
| Dosage | Reference |
|---|---|
| LD50=1,120 (ivn mus) | Merck 11th Edition |
| LDlo=3,200 (orl rat) | |
| LD50=2,000 mg/kg (orl rat) |
| Activity | Dosage | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| FLavor | FEMA 1-16 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Irritant | not available | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. |
| Perfumery | not available | Merck 11th Edition |
| Sedative | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Tranquilizer | not available | Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp. |
| Plant Name | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achillea millefolium | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| Aloysia citrodora | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952. |
| Apium graveolens | Seed | not available | 1.0 | not available | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Arctium lappa | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Capsicum frutescens | Resin, Exudate, Sap | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Cymbopogon citratus | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. |
| Helichrysum angustifolium | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Humulus lupulus | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Ilex paraguariensis | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Levisticum officinale | Root | not available | not available | not available | Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952. |
| Melaleuca leucadendra | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Mentha arvensis var. piperascens | Plant | 30.0 | 90.0 | 1.0 | Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952. |
| Mentha x piperita | Plant | not available | not available | not available | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| Nardostachys jatamansi | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Panax quinquefolius | Plant | not available | 7.0 | -1.0 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Pavonia odorata | Root | not available | 3450.0 | not available | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| Peucedanum ostruthium | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Prunus cerasus | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Pueraria montana | Fruit Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Ruta graveolens | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |