Chemical FURFURAL | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Chemical ID

FURFURAL

Ubiquitous

List of known dosages
Dosage	Reference
LD50=127 (orl rat)	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.

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List of chemical activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Sort descending	Dosage	Reference
Antiseptic	not available	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
FLavor	FEMA 1-30	Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Insecticide	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Irritant	not available	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Pesticide	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of chemical plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Plant Name Sort descending	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
Abelmoschus moschatus	Seed	not available	not available	not available	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
Achillea millefolium	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Acorus calamus	Rhizome	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Agathosma betulina	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Aloysia citrodora	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
Anethum graveolens	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Rizk, A.F.M., The Phytochemistry of the Flora of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Kingprint, Richmond, UK, 1986.
Angelica archangelica	Root	not available	not available	not available	Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986.
Atractylodes lancea	Rhizome	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Avena sativa	Hull Husk	100000.0	132000.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Cananga odorata	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Carum carvi	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Carum carvi	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Catharanthus roseus	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Cinnamomum aromaticum	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Cinnamomum camphora	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Cinnamomum verum	Root Bark	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Cinnamomum verum	Bark	3.0	12.0	not available	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Cistus ladaniferus	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Citrus aurantiifolia	Fruit	0.0	1.0	-0.7	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
Cymbopogon citratus	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.