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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
COUMARIN 10 ug/ml cow (weak activity, 11% inhibition) Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
CRYPTOTANSHINONE IC50=10 uM rat Kasimu, R., Basnet, P., Tezuka, Y., Kadota, S., Namba, T. 1997. Danshenols A and B, New Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from the Root of Salvia miltiorhiza BUNGE. Chem Pharm Bull, 45(3): 564-566.
CYNAROSIDE IC50=0.99 uM rat (strong activity) Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1999. Medicinal Flowers. I. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Three New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes, Kikkanols A, B, and C, From the Flowers of Chrysanthemum inducum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 47(3): 340-345.
DANSHENOL-A IC50=0.1 uM rat *
DANSHENOL-B IC50=1.75 uM rat *
DAUCOSTEROL 0.1 mM/l rat (weak activity, 31.9% inhibition) Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
DEHYDROCORYDALINE 10 uM Kubo, M., et al. 1994. Studies on Anti-cataract Drugs from Natural Sources. I. Effects of a Methanolic Extract and the Alkaloidal Components from Corydalis Tuber on in vit Aldose Reductase Activity. Biol Pharm Bull, 17(3): 458-459.
DELTA-CADINENE *
DEMETHYLMUSSAENOSIDE IC50=61.4 uM rbt Kohda, H., Tanaka, S., Yamaoka, Y., Yahara, S., Nohara, T., Tanimoto, T., Tanaka, A. 1989. Studies on Lens-Aldose-Reductase Inhibitor in Medicinal Plants.II Active Constituents of Monochasma savatierii FRANCH, et MAXIM. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(11):3153-3154
DESMANTHIN-1 IC50=0.082 uM (strong activity) Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1998. Antidiabetic Principles of Natural Medicines. II. Aldose Reductase and Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Brazilian Natural Medicine, the Leaves of Myrcia multiflora DC. (....). Chem Pharm Bull, 46(1): 113-119.
DIACERYLCIRSIMARITIN IC35=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
DIHYDROTANSHINONE IC50=1.19 uM rat Kasimu, R., Basnet, P., Tezuka, Y., Kadota, S., Namba, T. 1997. Danshenols A and B, New Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from the Root of Salvia miltiorhiza BUNGE. Chem Pharm Bull, 45(3): 564-566.
DIHYDROTANSHINONE-I IC50=1.19 uM Tezuka, Y., Kasimu, R., Basnet, P., Namba, T., Kadota, S. 1997. Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Constituents of the Root of Salvia miltiorhiza Bunge. Chem Pharm Bull, 45(8): 1306-1311.
DIOSMETIN IC17=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
DISOMETIN IC17=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
DL-TETRAHYDROPALMATINE 50 uM Kubo, M., et al. 1994. Studies on Anti-cataract Drugs from Natural Sources. I. Effects of a Methanolic Extract and the Alkaloidal Components from Corydalis Tuber on in vit Aldose Reductase Activity. Biol Pharm Bull, 17(3): 458-459.
DOSMETIN IC17=10uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
ECHINATIN 1 ug/mL Aida, K., Tawata, M., Shindo, H., Onaya, T., Sasaki, H., Yamaguchi, T., Chin, M.(Chen, Z.), and Mitsuhashi, H. 1989. Isoliquiritigenin: A New Aldose Reductase Inhibitor from Glycyrrhizae Radix. Planta Medica 56(3): 254-258.
ELLAGIC-ACID IC50=0.2 ug/ml (strong activity) *
ELLAGIC-ACID IC50=0.2 uM *
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Sonchus oleraceus Cerraja; Sow Thistle 4 1, 250
Sophora japonica Japanese Pagoda Tree 8 888, 470
Sophora subprostrata Shan Dou Gen 1 0
Sorbus aucubaria Rowan Berry 8 2, 650
Spartium junceum Genet; Spanish Broom; Weaver's Broom 4 0
Spinacia oleracea Spinach 10 11, 201
Spirulina pratensis Spirulina 1 0
Spirulina spp. Spirulina 1 0
Spondias dulcis Ambarella 1 2, 750
Spondias mombin Yellow Mombin; Yellow Plum 1 3, 230
Spondias pinnata Yellow Mombin; Yellow Plum 1 4, 330
Spondias purpurea Purple Jobo; Purple Plum 1 4, 050
Stachys germanica Downy Woundwort 2 13
Stachys officinalis Betony; Wood Betony; Bishop's-Wort; Purple Betony 5 20, 032
Stachys sieboldii 1 0
Stachytarpheta cayennensis Verbena 1 0
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis Brazilian Tea 1 0
Stauracanthus boivinii 1 0
Stauracanthus genistoides 1 0
Stellaria media Chickweed; Common Chickweed 9 138