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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
REYNOUTRIN IC34=1 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
RHAMNETIN IC57=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
RHAMNETIN IC23=1 uM *
RHAMNOCITRIN 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
RHOIFOLIN IC32=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
ROSMARINIC-ACID *
RUTIN 4 ug/ml Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.
RUTIN 100 uM *
SALBOSTATIN IC50=0.7 mM Vertesy, L., Fehlhaber, H., Schulz, a. 1994. The Trehalase Inhibitor Salbostatin, a Novel Metabolite from Streptomyces albus, ATCC21838. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 33(18): 1844-1846.
SALFREDIN-A-4 Matsumoto, K., et al. 1995. Salfredins, New Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Produced by Crucibulum sp. RF-3817. I. Fermentation, Isolation and Structures of Salfredins. J Antibiot, 48(6): 439-446.
SALFREDIN-C-2 Matsumoto, K., et al. 1995. Salfredins, New Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Produced by Crucibulum sp. RF-3817. I. Fermentation, Isolation and Structures of Salfredins. J Antibiot, 48(6): 439-446.
SALICYLIC-ACID 724.6 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
SALVIANOLIC-ACID-A 0.01 uM rat Du, G. H., Qiu, Y., Tian, Y. E., Zhang, J. T. 1995. Prevention of Galactose-Induced Cataractogenesis in Rats by Salvianolic Acid A. Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 30(8): 561-566.
SAMBUNIGRIN 0.1 mM/l rat (weak activity) Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
SANGGENONE-C 100 uM Yamaguchi, T., Sato, J., Mihashi, H., Nomura, T. 1991. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Containing Benzopyrans for Treatment of Diseases Associated with Diabetes. Patent, Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho-03 68,517. 9pp.
SAPPANCHALCONE 0.1 uM Morota, T., Takeda, H., Sasaki, H., Sato, S. 1990. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Containing Phenol of Caesalpinia sappan. Patent, Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho-02 264,718.
SCOPARONE 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
SCOPOLETIN IC50=6.2 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
SCUTELLAREIN IC56=10uM; IC10=1uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
SIDERITOFLAVONE *
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Abelmoschus esculentus Okra 4 4, 750
Abelmoschus moschatus Ambrette; Musk Okra; Tropical Jewel Hibiscus; Muskmallow 2 0
Abies alba Silver-Fir 3 45
Abutilon theophrasti Velvet Leaf; Butterprint; Indian-Mallow; Abutilon-Hemp 2 0
Acacia catechu Black Cutch; Catechu 6 0
Acacia decurrens Green Wattle 2 0
Acacia farnesiana Cassie; Huisache; Sweet Acacia; Opopanax; Popinac 9 13, 180
Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood 1 0
Acacia nilotica Babul 7 0
Acacia senegal Gum Arabic; Gum Arabic Tree; Kher; Senegal Gum; Sudan Gum Arabic 3 0
Acacia tortilis Umbrella Thorn 1 0
Acalypha indica Cancer Herb; Indian Acalypha; Copperleaf; Indian Nettle; Three-Seeded-Mercury 2 37, 700
Achillea millefolium Yarrow; Milfoil 19 11, 060
Acinos alpinus Te de Sierra Nevada 4 20
Acinos suaveolens 11 2, 575.7000002861023
Aconitum napellus European Aconite; Monkshood; Aconite; Bear's-Foot; Blue Rocket; Friar's Cap; Garden Monkshood; Garden Wolfsbane; Helmet Flower; Queen's Fettle; Soldier's Cap; Turk's Cap 2 0
Acorus calamus Sweetflag; Calamus; Flagroot; Myrtle Flag; Sweet Calamus; Sweetroot 6 15, 300
Actaea cimicifuga Sheng ma; Bugbane; Foetid Bugbane 2 0
Actaea dahurica Sheng ma; Xing an sheng ma 1 0
Actaea racemosa Black Cohosh; Black Snakeroot 3 42